走进“开源SDR实验室” 一起玩转4G/5G开源项目srsRAN(srsLTE升级版)：安装方法+NB-IoT测试

2023-12-17 12:00:33

本文内容、开发板及配件仅限用于学校或科研院所开展科研实验!

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本系列文档介绍4G/5G开源项目srsRAN(srsLTE升级版)的基本使用方法。本文给出该开源项目的基本介绍、安装方法即NB-IoT基本测试。

一、srsRAN基本介绍

srsRAN是srsLTE的升级版，之前的srsLTE目前已经更名为srsRAN。

图1 srsLTE github

图2 srsRAN github

图3 srsRAN架构

srsRAN是一个4G/5G开源软件无线电套件。srsRAN支持UE和eNodeB/gNodeB应用，可与第三方核心网络解决方案一起使用，构建完整的端到端移动无线网络。srsRAN包括：

srsUE：全栈SDR 4G/5G-NSA UE应用(5G-SA即将推出)，srsUE的具体内容参见https://docs.srslte.com/en/latest/usermanuals/source/srsue/source/1_ue_intro.html

srsENB：全栈SDR 4G eNodeB应用(5G-NSA和5G-SA即将推出)，srsENB的具体内容参见https://docs.srslte.com/en/latest/usermanuals/source/srsenb/source/1_enb_intro.html

srsEPC：一个包含MME、HSS和S/P-GW的轻量级4G核心网络，srsEPC的具体内容参见https://docs.srslte.com/en/latest/usermanuals/source/srsepc/source/1_epc_intro.html

关于MME、HSS、S/P-GW的概念可以参考https://www.cspsprotocol.com/lte-epc/

https://blog.csdn.net/Rong_Toa/article/details/94983607

二、SoapySDR源码安装

本文后续实验用的硬件为LimeSDR-USB（即LimeSDR标准版）或LimeSDR Mini（即LimeSDR 迷你版），因此，我们需要安装SoapySDR，本文选择源码安装。

1、安装依赖包

sudo apt-get install cmake g++ libpython-dev python-numpy swig git libsqlite3-dev libi2c-dev libusb-1.0-0-dev libwxgtk3.0-dev freeglut3-dev

2、源码安装SoapySDR

例如，你要把SoapySDR下载到你的Download文件夹，则先进入到~/Download文件夹，然后依次执行以下命令。

git clone https://github.com/pothosware/SoapySDR.git
cd SoapySDR
mkdir build && cd build
cmake ..
make -j4
sudo make install
sudo ldconfig

三、LimeSuite源码安装

例如，回到Download文件夹，依次执行以下命令，

$ git clone https://github.com/myriadrf/LimeSuite.git

$ cd LimeSuite

mkdir builddir

cd builddir

cmake ../

make -j4

sudo make install

sudo ldconfig

如果你想允许非root用户访问基于usb的设备，如LimeSDR。则需要进入到LimeSuite/udev-rules文件夹，执行

sudo ./install.sh

四、srsGUI和srsRAN源码安装

如果你想用srsGUI（一个配合srsRAN可以实时显示的界面程序），那么你需要先安装srsGUI，然后再安装srsRAN。

1、srsGUI源码安装

（1）安装依赖包

sudo apt-get install libboost-system-dev libboost-test-dev libboost-thread-dev libqwt-qt5-dev qtbase5-dev

（2）srsGUI源码安装

git clone https://github.com/srsLTE/srsGUI.git

cd srsgui

mkdir build

cd build

cmake ../

make

sudo make install

sudo ldconfig

2、srsRAN源码安装

（1）安装依赖包

sudo apt-get install build-essential cmake libfftw3-dev libmbedtls-dev libboost-program-options-dev libconfig++-dev libsctp-dev

（2）srsRAN源码安装

git clone https://github.com/srsRAN/srsRAN.git
cd srsRAN
mkdir build
cd build
cmake ../
make
make test
sudo make install
sudo srsran_install_configs.sh user

五、NB-IoT测试实验

所有的例子都可以在“./srsRAN/build/lib/examples”中找到。接下来我们以NB-IOT为例来测试源码安装是否成功。

https://docs.srslte.com/en/latest/app_notes/source/nbiot/source/index.html#nbiot-appnote

图4 NB-IoT基本系统架构

NB-IOT的基本实验硬件如图所示，途中的Machine1为一个电脑，该电脑接一个射频前端（例如LimeSDR），用cell_search_nbiot来搜索基站，用npdsch_ue来解码NB-IOT基站的下行数据。

http://blog.csdn.net/zoomdy/article/details/72764847，国内的NB-IoT主要运行在B5和B8频段。

由于国内用的是B5和B8频段，这里我们选用B8，因此，在以下命令中-b后边是8。

cell_search_nbiot -b 8

由于我没有设置允许非root用户使用usb设备，因此这里我需要输入sudo。

搜索到小区后的截图为，

搜索结束后，找到了几个小区。选定其中的959.8MHz这个，进行下行链路解码。输入命令：

sudo ./npdsch_ue -f 959.8e6

输入上述命令后，会自动弹出来类似于如下的界面。

终端输入的命令以及输出信息如下：

opensourcesdr@opensourcesdr:~/Downloads/srsRAN/build/lib/examples$ sudo ./npdsch_ue -f 959.8e6
Opening RF device...
Soapy has found device #0: addr=24607:1027, driver=lime, label=LimeSDR Mini [USB 3.0] 1D49762FC19C49, media=USB 3.0, module=FT601, name=LimeSDR Mini, serial=1D49762FC19C49, 
Selecting Soapy device: 0
Detected LimeSDR. Consider using LTE rates for better RF performance.
Either compile with '-DUSE_LTE_RATES=True' or start srsENB/srsUE with '--expert.lte_sample_rates=true'
[INFO] Make connection: 'LimeSDR Mini [USB 3.0] 1D49762FC19C49'
[INFO] Reference clock 40.00 MHz
[INFO] Device name: LimeSDR-Mini
[INFO] Reference: 40 MHz
[INFO] LMS7002M register cache: Disabled
Setting up Rx stream with 1 channel(s)
Setting up Tx stream with 1 channel(s)
[INFO] RX LPF configured
[INFO] Filter calibrated. Filter order-4th, filter bandwidth set to 5 MHz.Real pole 1st order filter set to 2.5 MHz. Preemphasis filter not active
[INFO] TX LPF configured
Available device sensors: 
 - clock_locked
 - lms7_temp
Available sensors for Rx channel 0: 
 - lo_locked
State of gain elements for Rx channel 0 (AGC not supported):
 - TIA: 9.00 dB
 - LNA: 30.00 dB
 - PGA: -7.00 dB
State of gain elements for Tx channel 0 (AGC not supported):
 - PAD: 0.00 dB
 - IAMP: 0.00 dB
Rx antenna set to LNAH
Tx antenna set to BAND1
Set RX gain: 70.0 dB
[INFO] Selected RX path: LNAW
Set RX freq: 959.799995 MHz
Setting sampling rate 1.92 MHz
Actual sampling rate 1.92 MHz
[ERROR] Tx Calibration: MCU error 5 (Loopback signal weak: not connected/insufficient gain?)
[INFO] Rx calibration finished
NSSS with peak=64.880409, cell-id: 358, partial SFN: 0
*Found n_id_ncell: 358 DetectRatio= 0% PSR=1.06, Power=89.8 dBm
QStandardPaths: XDG_RUNTIME_DIR not set, defaulting to '/tmp/runtime-root'
Finding PSS... Peak:      9.2, FrameCnt: 0, State: 100
Finding PSS... Peak:     10.1, FrameCnt: 0, State: 100
Finding PSS... Peak:      4.2, FrameCnt: 0, State: 100
MIB received (CFO:  +0.33 kHz) FrameCnt: 0, State: 100
MIB received (CFO:  +0.32 kHz) FrameCnt: 0, State: 100
Finding PSS... Peak:      8.6, FrameCnt: 0, State: 1 0
Finding PSS... Peak:      5.1, FrameCnt: 0, State: 100
Finding PSS... Peak:      8.5, FrameCnt: 0, State: 1 0
MIB received (CFO:  +0.64 kHz) FrameCnt: 0, State: 10
Finding PSS... Peak:      9.9, FrameCnt: 0, State: 100
MIB received (CFO:  +0.22 kHz) FrameCnt: 0, State: 1 0
Finding PSS... Peak:      3.6, FrameCnt: 0, State: 100
MIB received (CFO:  +0.23 kHz) FrameCnt: 0, State: 10
Finding PSS... Peak:      8.0, FrameCnt: 0, State: 100
Finding PSS... Peak:      6.0, FrameCnt: 0, State: 10
MIB received (CFO:  +0.35 kHz) FrameCnt: 0, State: 10
Finding PSS... Peak:      2.8, FrameCnt: 0, State: 10
Finding PSS... Peak:      6.9, FrameCnt: 0, State: 10
MIB received (CFO:  +0.42 kHz) FrameCnt: 0, State: 10
Finding PSS... Peak:      5.0, FrameCnt: 0, State: 10
Finding PSS... Peak:      8.1, FrameCnt: 0, State: 100
Finding PSS... Peak:      6.7, FrameCnt: 0, State: 100
Finding PSS... Peak:      7.2, FrameCnt: 0, State: 100
Finding PSS... Peak:      9.4, FrameCnt: 0, State: 100
Finding PSS... Peak:      7.2, FrameCnt: 0, State: 1 0
Finding PSS... Peak:      9.2, FrameCnt: 0, State: 1 0
Finding PSS... Peak:      8.1, FrameCnt: 0, State: 1 0
MIB received (CFO:  -0.01 kHz) FrameCnt: 0, State: 1 0

MIB received (CFO:  -0.13 kHz) FrameCnt: 0, State: 1 0
MIB received (CFO:  -0.23 kHz) FrameCnt: 0, State: 1
MIB received (CFO:  -0.08 kHz) FrameCnt: 0, State: 1
MIB received (CFO:  -0.12 kHz) FrameCnt: 0, State: 1
Finding PSS... Peak:      8.2, FrameCnt: 0, State: 1
MIB received (CFO:  -0.17 kHz) FrameCnt: 0, State: 1
MIB received (CFO:  -0.20 kHz) FrameCnt: 0, State: 1
MIB received (CFO:  -0.21 kHz) FrameCnt: 0, State: 1
MIB received (CFO:  -0.02 kHz) FrameCnt: 0, State: 1
Finding PSS... Peak:      9.1, FrameCnt: 0, State: 1
MIB received (CFO:  -0.14 kHz)
MIB received (CFO:  -0.16 kHz) FrameCnt: 0, State: 1
MIB received (CFO:  -0.08 kHz) FrameCnt: 0, State: 1
MIB received (CFO:  -0.21 kHz) FrameCnt: 0, State: 1
SIGINT received. Exiting....1, FrameCnt: 4, State: 0 0
Saving PCAP fileeak:      1.0, FrameCnt: 4, State: 0

Bye
QObject::~QObject: Timers cannot be stopped from another thread
opensourcesdr@opensourcesdr:~/Downloads/srsRAN/build/lib/examples$