第8章—使用Spring Web Flow—Spring Web Flow的配置

2022-02-07 20:16:00

Spring中配置Web Flow

Spring Web Flow 是 Spring 的一个子项目，其最主要的目的是解决跨越多个请求的、用户与服务器之间的、有状态交互问题，比较适合任何比较复杂的、有状态的、需要在多个页面之间跳转的业务过程。

最常见的流程就是购物的流程了:

加入购物车-->查看购物车-->提交订单-->付款-->返回首页:

项目结构如图所示:(由于是jsp之间互相的跳转,我们这边没有加入java文件夹)

相关代码如下所示:

mvc-dispatcher.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"

       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"

       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!-- 配置包扫描器 -->

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.wrh.controller"/>

    <!-- 配置注解驱动 -->

    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

    <import resource="webmvc-config.xml"/>

    <import resource="webflow-config.xml"/>

</beans>

webflow-config.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:webflow="http://www.springframework.org/schema/webflow-config"

       xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/webflow-config

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/webflow-config/spring-webflow-config-2.0.xsd">

    <!-- 装配流程执行期：为用户创建和启动一个流程执行实例，不负责加载流程定义-->

    <webflow:flow-executor id="flowExecutor" />

    <!-- 配置流程注册表，其功能为：负责加载流程定义-->

    <!-- 所有 flow的定义文件它的位置在这里进行配置， flow-builder-services 用于配置 flow 的特性 -->

    <webflow:flow-registry id="flowRegistry" flow-builder-services="flowBuilderServices">

        <webflow:flow-location path="/WEB-INF/flows/shopping.xml" id="shopping" />

        <!-- 在这个声明中，流程注册表会在该path下查找流程定义-->

    </webflow:flow-registry>

    <!--Web Flow 中的视图通过 MVC 框架的视图技术来呈现 -->

    <webflow:flow-builder-services id="flowBuilderServices" view-factory-creator="mvcViewFactoryCreator" />

    <!-- 指明 MVC 框架的 view resolver ，用于通过 view 名查找资源 -->

    <bean id="mvcViewFactoryCreator" class="org.springframework.webflow.mvc.builder.MvcViewFactoryCreator">

        <property name="viewResolvers" ref="viewResolver" />

    </bean>

</beans>

webmvc-config.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans

        xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

        xsi:schemaLocation="

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="viewResolver"

          class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">

        <property name="viewClass"

                  value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>

        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/>

        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>

    </bean>

    <!--此配置与下面没有注释掉的代码功能一样

    <bean id="flowHandlerMapping" class="org.springframework.webflow.mvc.servlet.FlowHandlerMapping">

        <property name="flowRegistry" ref="flowRegistry"/>

        <property name="defaultHandler">

            <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.UrlFilenameViewController" />

        </property>

    </bean>

    <bean id="flowHandlerAdapter" class="org.springframework.webflow.mvc.servlet.FlowHandlerAdapter">

        <property name="flowExecutor" ref="flowExecutor"/>

    </bean>

    -->

    <bean id="viewMappings"

          class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">

        <!-- /shopping.do 请求由 flowController 来处理 -->

        <property name="mappings">

            <props>

                <prop key="/shopping.do">flowController</prop>

            </props>

            <!--<value> /shopping.do=flowController </value>-->

        </property>

        <property name="defaultHandler">

            <!-- UrlFilenameViewController 会将 "/index" 这样的请求映射成名为 "index" 的视图 -->

            <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.UrlFilenameViewController" />

        </property>

    </bean>

    <bean id="flowController" class="org.springframework.webflow.mvc.servlet.FlowController">

        <property name="flowExecutor" ref="flowExecutor" />

    </bean>

</beans>

shopping.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<flow xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/webflow"

      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/webflow

 http://www.springframework.org/schema/webflow/spring-webflow-2.0.xsd">

    <!-- view-state中的view对应jsp文件夹中的jsp页面，on是触发事件，to对应state id -->

    <!-- 根据排在第一位的顺序来执行 -->

    <view-state id="viewCart" view="viewCart">

        <transition on="submit" to="viewOrder">

        </transition>

    </view-state>

    <view-state id="viewOrder" view="viewOrder">

        <transition on="confirm" to="orderConfirmed">

        </transition>

    </view-state>

    <view-state id="orderConfirmed" view="orderConfirmed">

        <transition on="returnToIndex" to="returnToIndex">

        </transition>

    </view-state>

    <end-state id="returnToIndex" view="externalRedirect:/index.jsp">

    </end-state>

</flow>

orderConfirmed.jsp:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"

"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<head>

    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />

    <title>Cart Application</title>

</head>

<body>

<h1>Order Confirmed</h1>

<a href="${flowExecutionUrl}&_eventId=returnToIndex">Return to

    index</a>

</body>

</html>

viewCart.jsp:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"

"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<head>

    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />

    <title>Cart Application</title>

</head>

<body>

<h1>View Cart</h1>

<a href="${flowExecutionUrl}&_eventId=submit">Submit</a>

</body>

</html>

viewOrder.jsp:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"

"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<head>

    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />

    <title>Cart Application</title>

</head>

<body>

<h1>Order</h1>

<a href="${flowExecutionUrl}&_eventId=confirm">Confirm</a>

</body>

</html>

web.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"

         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"

         version="3.1">

  <display-name>winner-test Web Application</display-name>

  <servlet>

    <servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>

    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

    <!--指定了核心配置文件的位置 -->

    <init-param>

      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

      <param-value>classpath:mvc-dispatcher.xml</param-value>

    </init-param>

    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>

  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>

    <servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>

    <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>

  </servlet-mapping>

  <welcome-file-list>

    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>

  </welcome-file-list>

</web-app>

index.jsp:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"

"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<head>

    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />

    <title>Cart Application</title>

</head>

<body>

<h1>Hello!</h1>

<br />

<a href="shopping.do">View Cart</a>

</body>

</html>

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">

  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.wrh</groupId>

  <artifactId>springwebflow</artifactId>

  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

  <name>springwebflow Maven Webapp</name>

  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

  <dependencies>

    <dependency>

      <groupId>junit</groupId>

      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>

      <version>3.8.1</version>

      <scope>test</scope>

    </dependency>

    <dependency>

      <groupId>org.springframework.webflow</groupId>

      <artifactId>spring-webflow</artifactId>

      <version>2.4.5.RELEASE</version>

    </dependency>

    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->

    <dependency>

      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>

      <version>4.3.8.RELEASE</version>

    </dependency>

      <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-web -->

      <dependency>

          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

          <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>

          <version>4.3.8.RELEASE</version>

      </dependency>

      <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/jstl -->

      <dependency>

          <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>

          <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>

          <version>1.2</version>

      </dependency>

  </dependencies>

  <build>

    <finalName>springwebflow</finalName>

  </build>

</project>

码农公寓

Spring中配置Web Flow

加入购物车-->查看购物车-->提交订单-->付款-->返回首页:

项目结构如图所示:(由于是jsp之间互相的跳转,我们这边没有加入java文件夹)

相关代码如下所示:

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