一、介绍
本例子用scrapy-splash抓取今日头条网站给定关键字抓取咨询信息。
给定关键字:打通;融合;电视
抓取信息内如下:
1、资讯标题
2、资讯链接
3、资讯时间
4、资讯来源
二、网站信息
三、数据抓取
针对上面的网站信息,来进行抓取
1、首先抓取信息列表
抓取代码:sels = site.xpath('//div[@class="articleCard"]')
2、抓取标题
由于在抓取标题的时候,在列表页不太好抓取,所以就绕了一下直接每条资讯的链接页面来抓取标题
抓取代码:titles = sel.xpath('.//div[@class="doc-title"]/text()')
3、抓取链接
抓取代码:url = 'http://www.toutiao.com' + str(sel.xpath('.//a[@class="link title"]/@href')[0].extract())
4、抓取日期
抓取代码:dates = sel.xpath('.//span[@class="lbtn"]/text()')
5、抓取来源
抓取代码:source=str(sel.xpath('.//a[@class="lbtn source J_source"]/text()')[0].extract())
四、完整代码
1、toutiaoSpider
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy
from scrapy import Request
from scrapy.spiders import Spider
from scrapy_splash import SplashRequest
from scrapy_splash import SplashMiddleware
from scrapy.http import Request, HtmlResponse
from scrapy.selector import Selector
from scrapy_splash import SplashRequest
from splash_test.items import SplashTestItem
import IniFile
import sys
import os
import re
import time reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8') # sys.stdout = open('output.txt', 'w') class toutiaoSpider(Spider):
name = 'toutiao' configfile = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), 'splash_test\spiders\setting.conf') cf = IniFile.ConfigFile(configfile)
information_keywords = cf.GetValue("section", "information_keywords")
information_wordlist = information_keywords.split(';')
websearchurl = cf.GetValue("toutiao", "websearchurl")
start_urls = []
for word in information_wordlist:
start_urls.append(websearchurl + word) # request需要封装成SplashRequest
def start_requests(self):
for url in self.start_urls:
index = url.rfind('=')
yield SplashRequest(url
, self.parse
, args={'wait': ''},
meta={'keyword': url[index + 1:]}
) def date_isValid(self, strDateText):
'''
判断日期时间字符串是否合法:如果给定时间大于当前时间是合法,或者说当前时间给定的范围内
:param strDateText: 四种格式 '2小时前'; '2天前' ; '昨天' ;'2017.2.12 '
:return: True:合法;False:不合法
'''
currentDate = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
if strDateText.find('分钟前') > 0 or strDateText.find('刚刚') > -1:
return True, currentDate
elif strDateText.find('小时前') > 0:
datePattern = re.compile(r'\d{1,2}')
ch = int(time.strftime('%H')) # 当前小时数
strDate = re.findall(datePattern, strDateText)
if len(strDate) == 1:
if int(strDate[0]) <= ch: # 只有小于当前小时数,才认为是今天
return True, currentDate
return False, '' def parse(self, response):
site = Selector(response)
# it_list = []
keyword = response.meta['keyword']
sels = site.xpath('//div[@class="articleCard"]')
for sel in sels:
dates = sel.xpath('.//span[@class="lbtn"]/text()')
if len(dates) > 0:
flag, date = self.date_isValid(dates[0].extract())
if flag:
url = 'http://www.toutiao.com' + str(sel.xpath('.//a[@class="link title"]/@href')[0].extract())
source=str(sel.xpath('.//a[@class="lbtn source J_source"]/text()')[0].extract())
yield SplashRequest(url
, self.parse_item
, args={'wait': ''},
meta={'date': date, 'url': url,
'keyword': keyword, 'source': source}
) def parse_item(self, response):
site = Selector(response)
it = SplashTestItem()
titles = site.xpath('//h1[@class="article-title"]/text()')
count = 0
if len(titles) > 0:
keyword = response.meta['keyword']
strtiltle = str(titles[0].extract())
if strtiltle.find(keyword) > -1:
it['title'] = strtiltle
it['url'] = response.meta['url']
it['date'] = response.meta['date']
it['keyword'] = keyword
it['source'] = response.meta['source']
return it
2、SplashTestItem
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # Define here the models for your scraped items
#
# See documentation in:
# http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.html import scrapy class SplashTestItem(scrapy.Item):
#标题
title = scrapy.Field()
#日期
date = scrapy.Field()
#链接
url = scrapy.Field()
#关键字
keyword = scrapy.Field()
#来源网站
source = scrapy.Field()
3、SplashTestPipeline
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # Define your item pipelines here
#
# Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
import codecs
import json class SplashTestPipeline(object):
def __init__(self):
# self.file = open('data.json', 'wb')
self.file = codecs.open(
'spider.txt', 'w', encoding='utf-8')
# self.file = codecs.open(
# 'spider.json', 'w', encoding='utf-8') def process_item(self, item, spider):
line = json.dumps(dict(item), ensure_ascii=False) + "\n"
self.file.write(line)
return item def spider_closed(self, spider):
self.file.close()
4、setting.conf
iedriverserver = C:\Program Files\Internet Explorer\IEDriverServer.exe
meeting_keywords = 互联网电视;智能电视;数字;影音;家庭娱乐;节目;视听;版权;数据
information_keywords = 电视;数字电视;OTT;节目内容;盒子;智能推荐;个性化;视频;影音;跨屏;融合;打通;多平台
#information_keywords = 电视;OTT
invalid_day = 4
nexturllabel = 下一页
timesleep = 3
[toutiao] websearchurl = http://www.toutiao.com/search/?keyword=