private IList<string> _list;
public IList<string> List
{
    get
    {
        System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(3000);
        //省略代码        
        return _list;
    }
}

<ListBox  ItemsSource="{Binding List, IsAsync=True, RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=FindAncestor,AncestorType={x:Type local:MainWindow}}}"  
          Height="179" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="76,31,0,0" Name="listBox1"  VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="135" />

list.AddHandler(ListBox.MouseWheelEvent, new MouseWheelEventHandler(list_MouseWheel), true);
 
获得LisBox的ScrollViewer
public static T FindVisualChild<T>(DependencyObject obj) where T : DependencyObject
{
    if (obj != null)
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < VisualTreeHelper.GetChildrenCount(obj); i++)
        {
            DependencyObject child = VisualTreeHelper.GetChild(obj, i);
            if (child != null && child is T)
            {
                return (T)child;
            }
            T childItem = FindVisualChild<T>(child);
            if (childItem != null) return childItem;
        }
    }
    return null;
}
private void list_MouseWheel(object sender, MouseWheelEventArgs e)
{
    ItemsControl items = (ItemsControl)sender;
    ScrollViewer scroll = FindVisualChild<ScrollViewer>(items);
    if (scroll != null)
    {
        int d = e.Delta;
        if (d < 0)
        {
            scroll.LineRight();
        }
        if (d > 0)
        {
            scroll.LineLeft();
        }
        scroll.ScrollToTop();
    }
}