安卓实验四—碎片的使用

2022-02-08 03:42:50

实验四碎片使用

实验目的及要求：

（1）掌握：碎片的创建

（2）理解：限定符概念

（3）掌握：碎片使用

实验内容：

1、打开实验三项目

2、创建一个横屏界面

方法：在layout目录旁再创建一个同级别的layout-land目录，将activity_list.xml布局文件复制到layout-land中即可

3、新增一个碎片DetailFragment，将新闻详情制作成碎片

4、修改新闻详情的布局，将其中的控件用DetailFragment替换

5、修改新闻列表横屏布局，将列表右边设计为一个新闻详情

6、在AVD中可实现模拟横、竖屏测试的功能，只要该活动设计有layout和layout-land两种布局，那么横屏和竖屏时则会加载不同的布局文件。

1、手机在横屏或竖屏时会加载相应的布局文件，但两种布局文件均使用同一个类文件。修改ListActivity类代码，先判断屏幕状态，若横屏，则点击列表时将新闻内容填充至右侧碎片；若竖屏，则点击列表时打开详情活动显示新闻内容。

判断横屏或竖屏方法：

Configuration mConfiguration = MainActivity.this.getResources().getConfiguration();

int ori = mConfiguration.orientation;

if (ori == mConfiguration.ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE) {

Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "现在是横屏", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

} else if (ori == mConfiguration.ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT) {

Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "现在是竖屏", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

}

特别注意：

存在部分电脑可能存在无法检测到横屏竖屏切换，可在MainActivity的OnCreate方法中加上如下语句，放在setContentView语句前：

setRequestedOrientation(ActivityInfo.SCREEN_ORIENTATION_FULL_SENSOR);

效果：竖屏展示

横屏展示

文件目录

注意：此处习大大为敏感词，后面删掉了，这不影响实验结果

代码：

DetailActivity

package com.example.mynews;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class DetailActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private long startTime;
    private News news=new News();
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_detail);
        startTime=System.currentTimeMillis();
        }

    @Override
    public void onBackPressed(){
        long timeOut=System.currentTimeMillis();
        Intent intent = new Intent();
        if(timeOut - startTime >= 3000)
        {
            intent.putExtra("timeReturn",0);
            setResult(RESULT_OK,intent);
        }
        else {
            intent.putExtra("timeReturn",1);
            setResult(RESULT_OK,intent);
        }
        finish();
    }
}

DetailFragment

package com.example.mynews;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
import com.example.mynews.ListActivity;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class DetailFragment extends Fragment {

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                             Bundle saveInstanceState) {
        View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.detail_fragment, container, false);

        TextView title = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.text_view7);
        TextView source = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.text_view8);
        TextView time = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.text_view9);
        TextView content = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.text_view10);
        //得到活动里面传输过来的值
        String title1=getActivity().getIntent().getStringExtra("textView1");
        String time1=getActivity().getIntent().getStringExtra("textView3");
        String source1=getActivity().getIntent().getStringExtra("textView2");
        String content1=getActivity().getIntent().getStringExtra("textView10");
        //采用buddle方法后，此处应该是空值
        if(title1 == null){
            title1 = getArguments().getString("textView1");
        }
        if(time1 == null){
            time1= getArguments().getString("textView3");
        }
        if(source1 == null){
            source1 = getArguments().getString("textView2");
        }
        if(content1 == null){
            content1 = getArguments().getString("textView10");
        }
        title.setText(title1);
        source.setText(source1);
        time.setText(time1);
        content.setText(content1);
        return view;
    }


}

ListActivity

package com.example.mynews;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
import androidx.fragment.app.FragmentManager;
import androidx.fragment.app.FragmentTransaction;

import com.example.mynews.News;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.ActivityInfo;
import android.content.res.Configuration;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class ListActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    public News[] news= new News[2];
    private TextView textView1,textView2,textView3,textView4,textView5,textView6;

    public void addNews()
    {
        news[0]=new News();
        news[0].title="谈全面依法治国"

        ;
        news[0].Time="2019/12/9";
        news[0].Source="新浪网";
        news[0].content="党的十八大以来，以同志为核心的党*提出一系列全面依法治国新理念新思想新战略。这些新理念新思想新战略，是马克思主义法治思想中国化的最新成果，是全面依法治国的根本遵循，必须长期坚持、不断丰富发展。" +
                "今天，党建网微平台编辑整理总书记相关重要论述，供大家学习参考。";

        news[1]=new News();
        news[1].title="杨洁篪同美国国务卿通电话";
        news[1].Time="20191207";
        news[1].Source="长安网";
        news[1].content="12月7日上午，**政治局委员、*外事工作委员会办公室主任杨洁篪同美国国务卿蓬佩奥通电话。"+
                "杨洁篪强调，近来美方允许所谓“香港*与*法案”成法，美国会众议院通过所谓“2019年**政策法案”，美官员多次发表歪曲、攻击*制度和内外政策的言论，这是对中国内政的粗暴干涉，严重违反国际法和国际关系基本准则，严重违背中美两国人民和国际社会的意愿。中方对此表示坚决反对和强烈谴责。\n"
        ;


        textView1=(TextView) findViewById(R.id.text_view1);
        textView2=(TextView) findViewById(R.id.text_view2);
        textView3=(TextView) findViewById(R.id.text_view3);
        textView4=(TextView) findViewById(R.id.text_view4);
        textView5=(TextView) findViewById(R.id.text_view5);
        textView6=(TextView) findViewById(R.id.text_view6);

        textView1.setText(news[0].title);
        textView2.setText(news[0].Source);
        textView3.setText(news[0].Time);
        textView4.setText(news[1].title);
        textView5.setText(news[1].Source);
        textView6.setText(news[1].Time);


    }

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setRequestedOrientation(ActivityInfo.SCREEN_ORIENTATION_FULL_SENSOR);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_list);
        addNews();

        TextView textViewButton1 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text_view1);
        TextView textViewButton2 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text_view4);

        Configuration mConfiguration = ListActivity.this.getResources().getConfiguration();
        int ori = mConfiguration.orientation;
        if (ori == mConfiguration.ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE)
        {
            Toast.makeText(ListActivity.this, "现在是横屏", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            textViewButton1.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View v) {
                    FragmentManager fragmentManager=getSupportFragmentManager();
                    DetailFragment detailFragment = new DetailFragment();
                    Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
                    bundle.putString("textView1", news[0].title);
                    bundle.putString("textView2",news[0].Source);
                    bundle.putString("textView3",news[0].Time);
                    bundle.putString("textView10",news[0].content);
                    detailFragment.setArguments(bundle);
                    FragmentTransaction transaction=fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
                    transaction.replace(R.id.detail_fragment, detailFragment);
                    transaction.addToBackStack(null);
                    transaction.commit();
                }
            });
            textViewButton2.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View v) {
                    FragmentManager fragmentManager=getSupportFragmentManager();
                    DetailFragment detailFragment = new DetailFragment();
                    //这个地方是用来传输数据到碎片中的buddle方法
                    Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
                    bundle.putString("textView1", news[1].title);
                    bundle.putString("textView2",news[1].Source);
                    bundle.putString("textView3",news[1].Time);
                    bundle.putString("textView10",news[1].content);
                    detailFragment.setArguments(bundle);
                    FragmentTransaction transaction=fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
                    //这里因为在前面已经定义了，所以直接使用
                    transaction.replace(R.id.detail_fragment,detailFragment);
                    transaction.addToBackStack(null);
                    transaction.commit();
                }
            });
        }
        else if (ori == mConfiguration.ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT)
        {
            Toast.makeText(ListActivity.this, "现在是竖屏", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            textViewButton1.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View v) {
                    Intent intent=new Intent(ListActivity.this,DetailActivity.class);
                    intent.putExtra("textView1",news[0].title);
                    intent.putExtra("textView2",news[0].Source);
                    intent.putExtra("textView3",news[0].Time);
                    intent.putExtra("textView10",news[0].content);
                    startActivityForResult(intent,1);


                }
            });

            textViewButton2.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View v) {
                    Intent intent=new Intent(ListActivity.this,DetailActivity.class);
                    intent.putExtra("textView1",news[1].title);
                    intent.putExtra("textView2",news[1].Source);
                    intent.putExtra("textView3",news[1].Time);
                    intent.putExtra("textView10",news[1].content);
                    startActivityForResult(intent,2);
                }
            });
        }


    }

    @Override
    protected  void onActivityResult(int requestCode,int resultCode,Intent data)
    {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode,resultCode,data);
        int timerReturn = data.getIntExtra("timeReturn",2);
        switch(requestCode) {
            case 1:
                if(timerReturn == 0)
                {
                    textView1.setTextColor(Color.parseColor("#8E8E8E"));
                    textView2.setTextColor(Color.parseColor("#8E8E8E"));
                    textView3.setTextColor(Color.parseColor("#8E8E8E"));

                }
                break;
            case 2:
                if(timerReturn == 0)
                {
                    textView4.setTextColor(Color.parseColor("#8E8E8E"));
                    textView5.setTextColor(Color.parseColor("#8E8E8E"));
                    textView6.setTextColor(Color.parseColor("#8E8E8E"));

                }
                break;
        }
    }
}

News

package com.example.mynews;

public class News {
    public String title;
    public String content;

    public String getTitle() {
        return title;
    }

    public void setTitle(String title) {
        this.title = title;
    }

    public String getContent() {
        return content;
    }

    public void setContent(String content) {
        this.content = content;
    }

    public String getSource() {
        return Source;
    }

    public void setSource(String source) {
        Source = source;
    }

    public String getTime() {
        return Time;
    }

    public void setTime(String time) {
        Time = time;
    }

    public String Source;
    public String Time;
}

布局文件

activity_detail.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".DetailActivity">

    <fragment
        android:id="@+id/detail"
        android:name="com.example.mynews.DetailFragment"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"/>



</LinearLayout>

activity_list.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".ListActivity">
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="100dp"

        android:orientation="horizontal"
        >
        android:background="#303F9F"/>
        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/image_view"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:layout_width="130dp"

            android:src="@drawable/img_1"
            />
        <RelativeLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"

            >
            <TextView
                android:id="@+id/text_view1"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
                android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
                android:textSize="20dp"
                android:textColor="@android:color/black"

                />
            <TextView
                android:id="@+id/text_view2"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
                android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
                android:textColor="@android:color/black"

                />
            <TextView
                android:id="@+id/text_view3"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
                android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
                android:textColor="@android:color/black"

                />


        </RelativeLayout>
    </LinearLayout>
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="8dp"
        >
        <View
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="1dp"
            android:layout_gravity="center"
            android:background="#303F9F"/>
    </LinearLayout>
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="100dp"

        android:orientation="horizontal"
        >
        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/image_view2"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:layout_width="130dp"

            android:src="@drawable/img_2"
            />
        <RelativeLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"

            >
            <TextView
                android:id="@+id/text_view4"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
                android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
                android:textSize="20dp"
                android:textColor="@android:color/black"

                />
            <TextView
                android:id="@+id/text_view5"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
                android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
                android:textColor="@android:color/black"

                />
            <TextView
                android:id="@+id/text_view6"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
                android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
                android:textColor="@android:color/black"

                />
            <View
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="1dp"
                android:background="#303F9F"/>

        </RelativeLayout>
    </LinearLayout>
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="8dp"
        >
        <View
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="1dp"
            android:layout_gravity="center"
            android:background="#303F9F"/>
    </LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>

Detail_fragment.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".DetailActivity">
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="100dp"
        android:orientation="horizontal"
        >
        <RelativeLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"

            >
            <TextView
                android:id="@+id/text_view7"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
                android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
                android:textSize="30dp"

                />
            <TextView
                android:id="@+id/text_view8"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
                android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
                android:textSize="20dp"

                />
            <TextView
                android:id="@+id/text_view9"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
                android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
                android:textSize="20dp"

                />


        </RelativeLayout>
    </LinearLayout>
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="8dp"
        >
        <View
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="1dp"
            android:layout_gravity="center"
            android:background="#303F9F"/>
    </LinearLayout>

    <LinearLayout

        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="horizontal"
        >

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/text_view10"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:textSize="20dp" />


    </LinearLayout>



</LinearLayout>

layout-land横屏布局

activity_list.xml 这个地方和竖屏的有一点点（亿点点）不同

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="horizontal"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".ListActivity">
    <LinearLayout
        android:orientation="vertical"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_weight="1.5"
        >
        <LinearLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="100dp"

            android:orientation="horizontal"
            >
            android:background="#303F9F"/>
            <ImageView
                android:id="@+id/image_view"
                android:layout_height="match_parent"
                android:layout_width="130dp"

                android:src="@drawable/img_1"
                />
            <RelativeLayout
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="match_parent"

                >
                <TextView
                    android:id="@+id/text_view1"
                    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
                    android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
                    android:textSize="20dp"
                    android:textColor="@android:color/black"

                    />
                <TextView
                    android:id="@+id/text_view2"
                    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
                    android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
                    android:textColor="@android:color/black"

                    />
                <TextView
                    android:id="@+id/text_view3"
                    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
                    android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
                    android:textColor="@android:color/black"

                    />


            </RelativeLayout>
        </LinearLayout>
        <LinearLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="8dp"
            >
            <View
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="1dp"
                android:layout_gravity="center"
                android:background="#303F9F"/>
        </LinearLayout>
        <LinearLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="100dp"

            android:orientation="horizontal"
            >
            <ImageView
                android:id="@+id/image_view2"
                android:layout_height="match_parent"
                android:layout_width="130dp"

                android:src="@drawable/img_2"
                />
            <RelativeLayout
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="match_parent"

                >
                <TextView
                    android:id="@+id/text_view4"
                    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
                    android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
                    android:textSize="20dp"
                    android:textColor="@android:color/black"

                    />
                <TextView
                    android:id="@+id/text_view5"
                    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
                    android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
                    android:textColor="@android:color/black"

                    />
                <TextView
                    android:id="@+id/text_view6"
                    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
                    android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
                    android:textColor="@android:color/black"

                    />
                <View
                    android:layout_width="match_parent"
                    android:layout_height="1dp"
                    android:background="#303F9F"/>

            </RelativeLayout>
        </LinearLayout>
        <LinearLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="8dp"
            >
            <View
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="1dp"
                android:layout_gravity="center"
                android:background="#303F9F"/>
        </LinearLayout>

    </LinearLayout>



    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="1dp"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical">
        <View
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:background="#303F9F"
            />
    </LinearLayout>

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_width="match_parent">
        <FrameLayout
            android:id="@+id/detail_fragment"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
           >
        </FrameLayout>


    </LinearLayout>

</LinearLayout>

实验总结：我是真的菜，是真的笨。

给我顶，加油，奥里给！

安卓实验四—碎片的使用

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