sockets(套接字)编程有三种,流式套接字(SOCK_STREAM),数据报套接字(SOCK_DGRAM),原始套接字(SOCK_RAW);基于TCP的socket编程是採用的流式套接字。
server端编程的步骤:
1:载入套接字库,创建套接字(WSAStartup()/socket());
2:绑定套接字到一个IP地址和一个port上(bind());
3:将套接字设置为监听模式等待连接请求(listen());
4:请求到来后,接受连接请求,返回一个新的相应于此次连接的套接字(accept());
5:用返回的套接字和client进行通信(send()/recv());
6:返回,等待还有一连接请求;
7:关闭套接字,关闭载入的套接字库(closesocket()/WSACleanup())。
client编程的步骤:
1:载入套接字库,创建套接字(WSAStartup()/socket());
2:向server发出连接请求(connect());
3:和server端进行通信(send()/recv());
4:关闭套接字,关闭载入的套接字库(closesocket()/WSACleanup())。
第一式: 载入/释放Winsock库:
1.载入方法:
WSADATA wsa;
/*初始化socket资源*/
if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(1,1),&wsa) != 0)
{
return; //代表失败
}
2.释放方法:
WSACleanup();
第二式: 构造SOCKET:
1.服务端:构造监听SOCKET,流式SOCKET.
SOCKET Listen_Sock
= socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)
2.client:构造通讯SOCKET,流式SOCKET.
SOCKET Client_Sock
= socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)
第三式:配置监听地址和port:
1.服务端: SOCKADDR_IN serverAddr
ZeroMemory((char
*)&serverAddr,sizeof(serverAddr));
serverAddr.sin_family =
AF_INET;
serverAddr.sin_port =
htons(1234);
/*本地监听端口:1234*/
serverAddr.sin_addr.s_addr =
htonl(INADDR_ANY); /*有IP*/
第四式: 绑定SOCKET:
1.服务端:绑定监听SOCKET.
bind(Listen_Sock,(struct sockaddr
*)&serverAddr,sizeof(serverAddr))
第五式: 服务端/client连接:
1.服务端:等待client接入.
SOCKET Command_Sock =
accept(Listen_Sock, ...)
2.client:请求与服务端连接.
int ret = connect(Client_Sock,
...)
第六式: 收/发数据:
1.服务端:等待client接入.char buf[1024].
接收数据:recv(Command_Sock,buf, ...)
或
发送数据:send(Command_Sock,buf, ...)
2.client:请求与服务端连接.char buf[1024].
发送数据:send(Client_Sock,buf,
...)
或
接收数据:recv(Client_Sock,buf, ...)
第七式: 关闭SOCKET:
1.服务端:关闭SOCKET.
closesocket(Listen_Sock)
closesocket(Command_Sock)
2.client:关闭SOCKET.
closesocket(Client_Sock)
#include <stdio.h> #include <Winsock2.h> void
main()
{
WORD wVersionRequested;
WSADATA wsaData;
int err;
wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD( 1, 1 );
err = WSAStartup( wVersionRequested, &wsaData );
if ( err != 0 ) {
return ;
}
if ( LOBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 1 ||
HIBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 1 ) {
WSACleanup( );
return ;
}
SOCKET sockSrv=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
SOCKADDR_IN addrSrv;
addrSrv.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr=htonl(INADDR_ANY);
addrSrv.sin_family=AF_INET;
addrSrv.sin_port=htons(6000);
bind(sockSrv,(SOCKADDR*)&addrSrv, sizeof (SOCKADDR));
listen(sockSrv,5);
SOCKADDR_IN addrClient;
int len= sizeof (SOCKADDR);
while (1)
{
SOCKET sockConn=accept(sockSrv,(SOCKADDR*)&addrClient,&len);
char sendBuf[50];
sprintf (sendBuf, "Welcome %s to here!" ,inet_ntoa(addrClient.sin_addr));
send(sockConn,sendBuf, strlen (sendBuf)+1,0);
char recvBuf[50];
recv(sockConn,recvBuf,50,0);
printf ( "%s\n" ,recvBuf);
closesocket(sockConn);
}
} |
#include <stdio.h> #include <Winsock2.h> void main() { WORD wVersionRequested; WSADATA wsaData; int err; wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD( 1, 1 ); err = WSAStartup( wVersionRequested, &wsaData ); if ( err != 0 ) { return; } if ( LOBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 1 || HIBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 1 ) { WSACleanup( ); return; } SOCKET sockClient=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0); SOCKADDR_IN addrSrv; addrSrv.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr=inet_addr("127.0.0.1"); addrSrv.sin_family=AF_INET; addrSrv.sin_port=htons(6000); connect(sockClient,(SOCKADDR*)&addrSrv,sizeof(SOCKADDR)); send(sockClient,"hello",strlen("hello")+1,0); char recvBuf[50]; recv(sockClient,recvBuf,50,0); printf("%s\n",recvBuf); closesocket(sockClient); WSACleanup(); }