* 创建虚拟环境、基于虚拟环境创建django==2.0.0和图片加载库和mysql数据库驱动
1. 创建目录并创建虚拟环境
╰$ mkdir Cornucopiavirtualenv
╰$ cd Cornucopiavirtualenv
╰$ virtualenv env1
2. 进入bin目录，并激活虚拟环境
╰$ cd bin
╰$ source activate
3. 进入环境、创建django和Pillow、PyMySQL
╰$ pip install django==2.0.
╰$ pip install pillow
╰$ pip install pymysql
或者也可以
╰$ pip install pymysql pillow django==2.0.
4. 创建Cornucopia的项目并设置book模块，并设置中文和中国上海的时区
╰$ django-admin startproject Cornucopia
╰$ python3 manage.py startapp book
4-1. 设置中文和中国上海的时区（在settings.py中修改）
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans'
TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'
5. 创建model模型数据
class User(models.Model):
nickname = models.CharField(max_length=50, blank=True)
email = models.EmailField('email address', blank=True, unique=True) def __str__(self):
return self.nickname class Category(models.Model):
name = models.CharField('分类名称', max_length=128) def __str__(self):
return self.name class Meta:
verbose_name = '书籍分类'
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name class Tag(models.Model):
name = models.CharField('标签', max_length=128) def __str__(self):
return self.name class Meta:
verbose_name = '书籍标签'
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name class Entry(models.Model):
title = models.CharField('文章标题', max_length=128)
author = models.ForeignKey(User, verbose_name='作者', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
book_imge = models.ImageField(upload_to='blog_img', null=True, blank=True, verbose_name='书籍配图')
# body = models.TextField('正文', )
body = MDTextField()
# abstract = models.TextField('摘要', max_length=256, null=True, blank=True)
abstract = MDTextField()
visiting = models.PositiveIntegerField('访问量', default=0)
category = models.ManyToManyField('Category', verbose_name='博客分类')
tags = models.ManyToManyField('Tag', verbose_name='标签')
created_time = models.DateTimeField('创建时间', auto_now_add=True)
modifyed_time = models.DateTimeField('修改时间', auto_now=True) def __str__(self):
return self.title class Meta:
ordering = ['-created_time']
verbose_name = ' 书籍正文'
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
6. 设置数据库链接方式在settings.py中修改
import pymysql
pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'NAME': 'books', # 数据库名字
'USER': 'root', # 账号
'PASSWORD': '', # 密码
'HOST': 'localhost', # IP
'PORT': '', # 端口
}
# 'default': {
# 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
# 'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
# }
}
7. 将新的模块book加入系统中
# Application definition INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'book',
]
8. 迁移数据、到数据库
╰$ python3 manage.py makemigrations
╰$ python3 manage.py migrate
9. 创建超级管理员，根据提示一步一步来
╰$ python3 manage.py createsuperuser
10. 在urls.py中进行路由配置
from django.conf.urls import url, include
from django.contrib import admin urlpatterns = [
url(r'admin/', admin.site.urls),
url(r'^', include('book.urls')),
]
11. 在book模块中，创建urls.py配置路由
from django.conf.urls import url
from . import views app_name = 'book'
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^$', views.index, name='book_index'),
url(r'^(?P<blog_id>[0-9]+)', views.detail, name='book_detail'),
]
12. 配置前端页面在Cornucopia/book下创建templates/book，两个目录，在settings.py配置templates路径
TEMPLATES = [
{
'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')],
'APP_DIRS': True,
'OPTIONS': {
'context_processors': [
'django.template.context_processors.debug',
'django.template.context_processors.request',
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
],
},
},
]
13. 创建index.html和detail.html
14.配置静态文件目录在Cornucopia/book下创建static/css，两个目录，在settings.py配置templates路径
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static').replace('\\', '/'),
]
15.admin.py配置后台现在内容
from django.contrib import admin
from . import models class EntryAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
list_display = ['title','author','visiting','created_time','modifyed_time'] admin.site.register(models.Category)
admin.site.register(models.Tag)
admin.site.register(models.Entry,EntryAdmin)
16.启动程序、登入后台
╰$ python3 manage.py runserver 127.0.0.1:8001