windows下捕获dump

2022-01-29 01:08:58

一般要捕获异常只需要两个函数：SetUnhandledExceptionFilter截获异常；MiniDumpWriteDump写dump文件。但是由于CRT函数可能会在内部调用SetUnhandledExceptionFilter(NULL)，解除我们程序设置的异常处理，这导致我们的程序无法完整捕获崩溃。另外，还有一部分非异常的CRT错误，不属于SEH异常捕获的范畴，需要通过_set_invalid_parameter_handler、_set_purecall_handler拦截，否则会弹出很丑陋的Runtime Error提示框。为保证所有异常都能由我们捕获，需要把SetUnhandledExceptionFilter函数Hook掉，不让“其他人”去设置自己的Exception处理，有Exception我们自己搞定；还有，对CRT错误做拦截，避免弹出错误窗口：_set_invalid_parameter_handler、_set_purecall_handler。

chromium的breakpad当前只是使用了上边提到的_set_invalid_parameter_handler、_set_purecall_handler函数，并没有屏蔽“其他人”的SetUnhandledExceptionFilter行为，可能导致了部分Crash无法捕获，为什么不这么做呢？有待考察。（*也有人提到这个问题：http://*.com/questions/11350801/why-does-google-breakpad-not-handle-all-crashes-how-can-i-debug-these-cases）。

进程内捕获dump示例代码：

 namespace CatchDumpFile

 {

     void simple_log(const std::wstring& log_msg);

     class CDumpCatch

     {

     public:

         CDumpCatch();

         ~CDumpCatch();

     private:

         static LPTOP_LEVEL_EXCEPTION_FILTER WINAPI TempSetUnhandledExceptionFilter(LPTOP_LEVEL_EXCEPTION_FILTER lpTopLevelExceptionFilter);

         static BOOL ReleaseDumpFile(const std::wstring& strPath, EXCEPTION_POINTERS *pException);

         static LONG WINAPI UnhandledExceptionFilterEx(struct _EXCEPTION_POINTERS *pException);

         static void MyPureCallHandler(void);

         static void MyInvalidParameterHandler(const wchar_t* expression, const wchar_t* function, const wchar_t* file, unsigned int line, uintptr_t pReserved);

         BOOL AddExceptionHandle();

         BOOL RemoveExceptionHandle();

         BOOL PreventSetUnhandledExceptionFilter();

         void SetInvalidHandle();

         void UnSetInvalidHandle();

     private:

         LPTOP_LEVEL_EXCEPTION_FILTER m_preFilter;

         _invalid_parameter_handler m_preIph;

         _purecall_handler m_prePch;

     };

 };

.cc

 namespace CatchDumpFile

 {

     void simple_log(const std::wstring& log_msg)

     {

         std::wstring strLogWnd = L"cswuyg_simple_debug_log";

         HWND hSend = ::FindWindow(NULL, strLogWnd.c_str());

         COPYDATASTRUCT copydate;

         copydate.cbData = (DWORD)(log_msg.length() + ) * sizeof(wchar_t);

         copydate.lpData = (PVOID)log_msg.c_str();

         ::SendMessage(hSend, WM_COPYDATA, , (LPARAM)&copydate);

     }

     void CDumpCatch::MyPureCallHandler(void)

     {

        //simple_log(L"MyPureCallHandler");

         throw std::invalid_argument("");

     }

     void CDumpCatch::MyInvalidParameterHandler(const wchar_t* expression, const wchar_t* function, const wchar_t* file, unsigned int line, uintptr_t pReserved)

     {

         //simple_log(L"MyPureCallHandler");

         //The parameters all have the value NULL unless a debug version of the CRT library is used.

         throw std::invalid_argument("");

     }

     void CDumpCatch::SetInvalidHandle()

     {

 #if _MSC_VER >= 1400  // MSVC 2005/8

         m_preIph = _set_invalid_parameter_handler(MyInvalidParameterHandler);

 #endif  // _MSC_VER >= 1400

         m_prePch = _set_purecall_handler(MyPureCallHandler);   //At application, this call can stop show the error message box.

     }

     void CDumpCatch::UnSetInvalidHandle()

     {

 #if _MSC_VER >= 1400  // MSVC 2005/8

         _set_invalid_parameter_handler(m_preIph);

 #endif  // _MSC_VER >= 1400

         _set_purecall_handler(m_prePch); //At application this can stop show the error message box.

     }

     LPTOP_LEVEL_EXCEPTION_FILTER WINAPI CDumpCatch::TempSetUnhandledExceptionFilter( LPTOP_LEVEL_EXCEPTION_FILTER lpTopLevelExceptionFilter )

     {

         return NULL;

     }

     BOOL CDumpCatch::AddExceptionHandle()

     {

         m_preFilter = ::SetUnhandledExceptionFilter(UnhandledExceptionFilterEx);

         PreventSetUnhandledExceptionFilter();

         return TRUE;

     }

     BOOL CDumpCatch::RemoveExceptionHandle()

     {

         if(m_preFilter != NULL)

         {

             ::SetUnhandledExceptionFilter(m_preFilter);

             m_preFilter = NULL;

         }

         return TRUE;

     }

     CDumpCatch::CDumpCatch()

     {

         SetInvalidHandle();

         AddExceptionHandle();

     }

     CDumpCatch::~CDumpCatch()

     {

         UnSetInvalidHandle();

         RemoveExceptionHandle();

     }

     BOOL CDumpCatch::ReleaseDumpFile(const std::wstring& strPath, EXCEPTION_POINTERS *pException)

     {

         HANDLE hDumpFile = ::CreateFile(strPath.c_str(), GENERIC_WRITE, , NULL, CREATE_ALWAYS, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);

         if (hDumpFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)

         {

             return FALSE;

         }

         MINIDUMP_EXCEPTION_INFORMATION dumpInfo;

         dumpInfo.ExceptionPointers = pException;

         dumpInfo.ThreadId = ::GetCurrentThreadId();

         dumpInfo.ClientPointers = TRUE;

     //    ::MiniDumpWriteDump(::GetCurrentProcess(), ::GetCurrentProcessId(), hDumpFile, MiniDumpNormal, &dumpInfo, NULL, NULL);

         BOOL bRet = ::MiniDumpWriteDump(::GetCurrentProcess(), ::GetCurrentProcessId(), hDumpFile, MiniDumpWithFullMemory, &dumpInfo, NULL, NULL);

         ::CloseHandle(hDumpFile);

         return bRet;

     }

     LONG WINAPI CDumpCatch::UnhandledExceptionFilterEx( struct _EXCEPTION_POINTERS *pException )

     {

         //simple_log(L"UnhandledExceptionFilterEx");

         wchar_t szPath[MAX_PATH] = {  };

         ::GetModuleFileName(NULL, szPath, MAX_PATH);

         ::PathRemoveFileSpec(szPath);

         std::wstring strPath = szPath;

         strPath += L"\\CrashDumpFile.dmp";

         BOOL bRelease = ReleaseDumpFile(strPath.c_str(), pException);

         //::FatalAppExit(0,  L"Error");

         if (bRelease)

         {

             return EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER;

         }

         return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH;

     }

     BOOL CDumpCatch::PreventSetUnhandledExceptionFilter()

     {

         HMODULE hKernel32 = LoadLibrary(L"kernel32.dll");

         if (hKernel32 ==   NULL)

         {

             return FALSE;

         }

         void *pOrgEntry = ::GetProcAddress(hKernel32, "SetUnhandledExceptionFilter");

         if(pOrgEntry == NULL)

         {

             return FALSE;

         }

         unsigned char newJump[];

         DWORD dwOrgEntryAddr = (DWORD)pOrgEntry;

         dwOrgEntryAddr += ; //jump instruction has 5 byte space.

         void *pNewFunc = &TempSetUnhandledExceptionFilter;

         DWORD dwNewEntryAddr = (DWORD)pNewFunc;

         DWORD dwRelativeAddr = dwNewEntryAddr - dwOrgEntryAddr;

         newJump[] = 0xE9;  //jump

         memcpy(&newJump[], &dwRelativeAddr, sizeof(DWORD));

         SIZE_T bytesWritten;

         DWORD dwOldFlag, dwTempFlag;

         ::VirtualProtect(pOrgEntry, , PAGE_READWRITE, &dwOldFlag);

         BOOL bRet = ::WriteProcessMemory(::GetCurrentProcess(), pOrgEntry, newJump, , &bytesWritten);

         ::VirtualProtect(pOrgEntry, , dwOldFlag, &dwTempFlag);

         return bRet;

     }

 }

　能引发pure function called 错误的代码：

class IPureCall

{

public:

    virtual ~IPureCall(){};

    IPureCall()

    {

        //indirect call the virtual function, the compiler would not treat as "static binding", it is "dynamic binding".

        //At this time, the CPureCall class hasn't been constructed, the virtual table didn't has the pure_call function's point, so it cause "pure virtual function called exception".

        call_by_constructor();

    };

    virtual void pure_call() = ;

    void call_by_constructor()

    {

        pure_call();

    }

};

class CPureCall : public IPureCall

{

public:

    CPureCall()

    {

    }

    void pure_call()

    {

    }

};

　　pure virtual function called在之前的文章里介绍过（http://www.cnblogs.com/cswuyg/archive/2012/08/22/2650610.html）。

　　进程外捕获崩溃的做法是使用进程间通信（IPC，内存映射文件或者管道都行），把EXCEPTION_POINTERS指针数据等信息通知捕获进程，让捕获进程去写dump（windows下捕获dump之Google breakpad_client的理解）。进程外捕获dump是比较推荐的做法，chromium的breakpad文档解释说，“一般认为在崩溃进程内部写minidump是不安全的：关键的进程数据结构可能会被破坏掉，或者异常处理程序获取到的堆栈可能是被覆盖了的”（原文：http://code.google.com/p/google-breakpad/wiki/GettingStartedWithBreakpad）。

可复用源码分享：https://github.com/cswuyg/simple_win/tree/master/dump_catch/dump_catch

多模块dump处理相关补充：

1、如果CRT是/MD，那么CRT错误捕获EXE、DLL共用；dump捕获多EXE、DLL共用，只需要在EXE里加上处理就ok；

2、如果CRT是/MT，那么CRT错误捕获各PE文件独立，EXE、DLL必须有自己的处理；dump捕获多EXE、DLL共用。

这方面的知识MSDN也稍有提及：

http://technet.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/t296ys27(v=vs.71)

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms680634(v=vs.85).aspx

不错的编程资料：

http://www.cppblog.com/woaidongmao/archive/2009/10/21/99129.html

http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/154686/SetUnhandledExceptionFilter-and-the-C-C-Runtime-Li

http://www.cnblogs.com/FCoding/archive/2012/07/05/2578543.html

不错的抓dump工具介绍：

http://wintellect.com/blogs/jrobbins/how-to-capture-a-minidump-let-me-count-the-ways

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