查看网络接口信息
- 查看所有活动网络接口的信息
-
ifconfig命令
-
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig //查看网络接口信息
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.144.133 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.144.255
inet6 fe80::a85a:c203:e2e:3f3c prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:0c:29:5b:d3:a0 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 6139 bytes 3599390 (3.4 MiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 2483 bytes 330519 (322.7 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 84 bytes 7500 (7.3 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 84 bytes 7500 (7.3 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
virbr0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.122.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.122.255
ether 52:54:00:d9:de:d2 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0- 查看指定网络接口信息
ifconfig 网络接口
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig ens33 //查看ens33网络接口信息
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.144.133 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.144.255
inet6 fe80::a85a:c203:e2e:3f3c prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:0c:29:5b:d3:a0 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 6183 bytes 3602858 (3.4 MiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 2505 bytes 334073 (326.2 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0查看主机名称
- 查看或设置当前主机名
-
hostname命令
-
[root@localhost ~]# hostname //查看主机名称
localhost.localdomain- 更改主机名称
hostnamectl set-hostname [主机名称]
[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname http01 //更改主机名
[root@localhost ~]# su //切换用户，刷新主机名
[root@http01 ~]# hostname //查看主机名称
http01查看路由表条目
- 查看路由表
-
route命令
-
[root@http01 ~]# route //查看路由表
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
default gateway 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 ens33
192.168.122.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 virbr0
192.168.144.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 ens33查看网络连接情况
-
查看系统的网络连接状态、路由表、接口统计等信息
-
netstat命令
netstat [选项]- 常用选项
-a:全部-n：数字格式显示-p：协议-t：tcp-u：udp-r：路由 -
[root@http01 ~]# netstat -antp //查看以数字格式显示全部TCP协议端口的网络连接情况
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1/systemd
tcp 0 0 192.168.122.1:53 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1308/dnsmasq
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 983/sshd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:631 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 985/cupsd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1292/master
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:6010 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 4840/sshd: root@pts
tcp 0 0 192.168.144.133:22 192.168.144.1:54734 ESTABLISHED 4840/sshd: root@pts
tcp6 0 0 :::111 :::* LISTEN 1/systemd
tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 2373/httpd
tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 983/sshd
tcp6 0 0 ::1:631 :::* LISTEN 985/cupsd
tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 1292/master
tcp6 0 0 ::1:6010 :::* LISTEN 4840/sshd: root@pts
[root@http01 ~]# netstat -nuap //查看以数字格式显示全部UDP协议端口的网络连接情况
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:36571 0.0.0.0:* 788/dhclient
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:47956 0.0.0.0:* 578/avahi-daemon: r
udp 0 0 192.168.122.1:53 0.0.0.0:* 1308/dnsmasq
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:67 0.0.0.0:* 1308/dnsmasq
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:68 0.0.0.0:* 788/dhclient
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:5353 0.0.0.0:* 578/avahi-daemon: r
udp 0 0 127.0.0.1:323 0.0.0.0:* 636/chronyd
udp6 0 0 :::57996 :::* 788/dhclient
udp6 0 0 ::1:323 :::* 636/chronyd
[root@http01 ~]# netstat -r //查看路由信息，与route命令作用相同
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface
default gateway 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 ens33
192.168.122.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 virbr0
192.168.144.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 ens33网络测试连接
-
测试网络通讯性
-
ping命令
ping [主机名]/[IP地址] -
[root@http01 ~]# ping 192.168.100.10 //测试网络通讯
PING 192.168.100.10 (192.168.100.10) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.100.10: icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=0.860 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.100.10: icmp_seq=2 ttl=128 time=0.530 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.100.10: icmp_seq=3 ttl=128 time=0.514 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.100.10: icmp_seq=4 ttl=128 time=0.465 ms跟踪数据包
-
测试从当前主机到目的主机之间经过的网络节点
-
traceroute命令
traceroute 目标主机地址 -
[root@http01 ~]# traceroute 192.168.100.10
traceroute to 192.168.100.10 (192.168.100.10), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
1 gateway (192.168.144.2) 0.320 ms 0.255 ms 0.223 ms
2 * * *
3 * * *
4 * * *域名解析
-
测试DNS域名解析
-
nslookup命令
nslookup [目标主机地址]/[目标DNS地址] -
[root@http01 ~]# nslookup www.baidu.com
Server: 192.168.144.2
Address: 192.168.144.2#53
Non-authoritative answer:
www.baidu.com canonical name = www.a.shifen.com.
Name: www.a.shifen.com
Address: 183.232.231.172
Name: www.a.shifen.com
Address: 183.232.231.174设置网络参数的方式
临时配置——使用命令调整网络参数
-
简单、快速，可直接修改运行中的网络参数
-
一般只适合在调试网络的过程中使用
- 重新启动以后，所做的修改将会失效
固定设置——通过配置文件修改网络参数
- 修改各项网络参数的配置文件
- 适合对服务器设置固定参数时使用
- 需要重载网络服务或者重启以后才会生效
设置网络接口的参数
-
临时设置网络接口的IP地址、子网掩码
ifconfig 接口名 IP地址 [netmask(子网掩码)]
[root@http01 ~]# ifconfig ens33 //查看ens33接口IP地址
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.144.133 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.144.255
inet6 fe80::a85a:c203:e2e:3f3c prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:0c:29:5b:d3:a0 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 42 bytes 3966 (3.8 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 86 bytes 9346 (9.1 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
[root@http01 ~]# ifconfig ens33 192.168.144.138/24 //设置临时IP地址
[root@http01 ~]# ifconfig ens33 //查看是否成功设置
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.144.138 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.144.255
inet6 fe80::a85a:c203:e2e:3f3c prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:0c:29:5b:d3:a0 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 2660 bytes 3613441 (3.4 MiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 844 bytes 57384 (56.0 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
[root@http01 ~]# systemctl restart network //重启网络服务
[root@http01 ~]# ifconfig ens33 //查看IP地址
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.144.133 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.144.255
inet6 fe80::a85a:c203:e2e:3f3c prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:0c:29:5b:d3:a0 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) //设置的IP地址失效
RX packets 2708 bytes 3618185 (3.4 MiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 894 bytes 63590 (62.0 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0-
设置固定网络接口的IP地址、子网掩码
设置固定的网络接口IP地址、子网掩码，需要在网络接口的配置文件中更改配置文件来完成。
-
网络接口配置文件
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ -
重启network网络服务
systemctl restart network
[root@http01 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33 //进入编辑网卡配置文件
TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=staticl //将DHCP更改为staticl
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=ens33
UUID=2ef6b862-5201-48c5-a450-23b3720ab3a0
DEVICE=ens33
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.144.138 //输入要设定的IP地址
NETMAS=255.255.255.0 //输入子网掩码
GATEWAY=192.168.144.1 //输入网关地址
[root@http01 ~]# systemctl restart network //重启网络服务
[root@http01 ~]# ifconfig ens33
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.144.138 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.144.255
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe5b:d3a0 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:0c:29:5b:d3:a0 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) //地址设置成功
RX packets 3832 bytes 3715216 (3.5 MiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 1558 bytes 160876 (157.1 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0-
禁用或者重新激活网卡
- 禁用网卡
ifconfig 网络接口 down- 重新激活网卡
ifconfig 网络接口 up
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig ens33 down //禁用网卡
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig ens33 //查看网卡信息，无IP地址连接
ens33: flags=4098<BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
ether 00:0c:29:5b:d3:a0 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 459 bytes 495831 (484.2 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 240 bytes 22865 (22.3 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig ens33 up //重新激活网卡
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig ens33 //查看网卡信息，成功获取IP地址
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.144.133 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.144.255
inet6 fe80::a85a:c203:e2e:3f3c prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:0c:29:5b:d3:a0 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 463 bytes 496409 (484.7 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 264 bytes 26630 (26.0 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
-
虚拟网络接口
- 虚拟网络接口是指共用一个网卡，同一网卡可以配多个IP地址，不管访问哪一个IP地址都能访问同一服务器。（当不想用虚拟网卡时直接禁用虚拟网卡即可）
ifconfig 接口名：序号 IP地址
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig ens33:0 192.168.144.140 //在ens33网卡上添加虚拟网卡，序列号为0
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig //查看网卡信息
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.144.133 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.144.255
inet6 fe80::a85a:c203:e2e:3f3c prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:0c:29:5b:d3:a0 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 653 bytes 512686 (500.6 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 373 bytes 39897 (38.9 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
ens33:0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 //创建的虚拟网卡
inet 192.168.144.140 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.144.255
ether 00:0c:29:5b:d3:a0 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1 (Local Loopback)
...//省略部分内容...设置路由记录
-
添加到指定网段的路由记录
route add -net 网段地址 gw IP地址（网关）
-
删除到指定网段的路由记录
route del -net 网段地址
-
删除路由表中默认网关记录
route del default gw IP地址
- 向路由表中添加默认网关记录
route add default gw IP地址
[root@localhost ~]# route //查看路由表
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
default gateway 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 ens33
192.168.122.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 virbr0
192.168.144.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 ens33
[root@localhost ~]# route add -net 192.168.100.0/24 gw 192.168.144.1 //添加网段
[root@localhost ~]# route //查看路由表是否添加网段
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
default gateway 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 ens33
192.168.100.0 192.168.144.1 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 ens33
192.168.122.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 virbr0
192.168.144.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 ens33
[root@localhost ~]# route del -net 192.168.100.0/24 //删除添加的网段
[root@localhost ~]# route //查看路由表，看添加的网段是否删除
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
default gateway 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 ens33
192.168.122.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 virbr0
192.168.144.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 ens33
[root@localhost ~]# route add default gw 192.168.144.1 //添加默认网关
[root@localhost ~]# route //查看是否成功添加默认网关
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
default gateway 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 ens33
default gateway 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 ens33
192.168.122.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 virbr0
192.168.144.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 ens33
[root@localhost ~]# route del default gw 192.168.144.1 //删除添加的默认网关
[root@localhost ~]# route //查看路由表是否成功删除
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
default gateway 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 ens33
192.168.122.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 virbr0
192.168.144.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 ens33主机名称配置文件
-
保存全局网络设置，主要包括主机名信息
/etc/sysconfig/network//etc/hostname在
CentOS 6中若要修改主机名可以执行“vim /etc/sysconfig/network”修改配置文件，而在CentOS 7中我们可以执行“vim /etc/hostname”就可以去修改主机名配置文件了。
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/hostname //进入编辑主机名配置文件
localhost.localdomain //当前主机名 如若修改可以直接在编辑器修改主机名
~
~
~
~
~
~ 域名解析配置文件
-
指定为本机体提供DNS解析的服务器地址（对改文件的修改将会立即生效）
/etc/resolv.conf
- 格式
nameserver IP地址
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/resolv.conf
# Generated by NetworkManager
search localdomain
nameserver 192.168.144.2
~
~
~
~ 本地主机映射文件
在本地主机映射文件中添加映射记录，当访问添加的记录网站时，将会直接向添加的映射记录IP地址发送web请求，省略了向DNS服务器解析IP地址的过程。
-
保存主机名与
IP地址的映射记录/etc/hosts
-
hosts文件和DNS服务器的比较- 默认情况下，系统首先从
hosts文件查找解析记录 -
hosts文件只对当前的主机有效 -
hosts文件可减少DNS查询过程，从而加快访问速度
- 默认情况下，系统首先从
补充内容：
双网卡的建立
在日常生产活动中难免会遇到需要建立双网卡的情况，这里我们来看看如何建立双网卡
1、首先在虚拟机Linux操作系统中添加一块物理网卡，然后查看网络接口信息，确定是否成功添加网络
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig //查看网接口信息
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.144.133 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.144.255
inet6 fe80::a85a:c203:e2e:3f3c prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:0c:29:5b:d3:a0 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 3415 bytes 740748 (723.3 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 1725 bytes 201799 (197.0 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
ens36: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 //新添加的物理网卡
inet 192.168.144.141 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.144.255
inet6 fe80::deb1:3cec:3e26:5ec2 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:0c:29:5b:d3:aa txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 85 bytes 6069 (5.9 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 30 bytes 4667 (4.5 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 02、这个时候我们查看网卡配置文件目录，看是否有添加的网卡配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ //进入网卡配置文件目录
[root@localhost network-scripts]# ls //查看，这个时候时没有新添加的网卡ens36的配置文件的
ifcfg-ens33 ifdown-ipv6 ifdown-TeamPort ifup-ippp ifup-routes network-functions
ifcfg-lo ifdown-isdn ifdown-tunnel ifup-ipv6 ifup-sit network-functions-ipv6
ifdown ifdown-post ifup ifup-isdn ifup-Team
ifdown-bnep ifdown-ppp ifup-aliases ifup-plip ifup-TeamPort
ifdown-eth ifdown-routes ifup-bnep ifup-plusb ifup-tunnel
ifdown-ib ifdown-sit ifup-eth ifup-post ifup-wireless
ifdown-ippp ifdown-Team ifup-ib ifup-ppp init.ipv6-global3、因为没有ens36网卡的配置文件，我们就没有办法给ens36指定固定的地址的。下面我们就把ens36与ens33这两个网卡全部设为仅主机相连模式，然后再查看网络接口信息。
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig //查看网络接口信息
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 //无获取IP地址
inet6 fe80::a85a:c203:e2e:3f3c prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:0c:29:5b:d3:a0 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 3578 bytes 754392 (736.7 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 1812 bytes 215065 (210.0 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
ens36: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 //无发获取IP地址
inet6 fe80::deb1:3cec:3e26:5ec2 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:0c:29:5b:d3:aa txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 160 bytes 12321 (12.0 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 48 bytes 7865 (7.6 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0我在这里无法获取IP地址是因为的VMware虚拟机中DHCP服务关掉了，所以无法获取地址。
4、这个时候我们就给这两个物理网卡配固定地址
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33 //编辑网卡信息
TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=static //dhcp更改为static
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=ens33
UUID=2ef6b862-5201-48c5-a450-23b3720ab3a0
DEVICE=ens33
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.100.10 //输入配置IP地址
NETMAS=255.255.255.0 //输入配置子网掩码
GATEWAY=192.168.100.0 //输入配置网关
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
:wq
[root@localhost ~]# service network restart //重启网络服务
Restarting network (via systemctl): [ 确定 ]
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig //查看网络接口信息，看配置的地址是否生效
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.100.10 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.100.255
inet6 fe80::a85a:c203:e2e:3f3c prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:0c:29:5b:d3:a0 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 3642 bytes 771191 (753.1 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 1948 bytes 239617 (234.0 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0下面我们进入网卡配置文件目录，这时候时没有ens36网卡的配置文件的，我们就需要把ens33的配置文件直接复制，更改为ens36的配置文件，然后把配置文件的内容更改就可以了
[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ //进入网卡配置文件目录
[root@localhost network-scripts]# ls //查看
ifcfg-ens33 ifdown-isdn ifup ifup-plip ifup-tunnel
ifcfg-lo ifdown-post ifup-aliases ifup-plusb ifup-wireless
ifdown ifdown-ppp ifup-bnep ifup-post init.ipv6-global
ifdown-bnep ifdown-routes ifup-eth ifup-ppp network-functions
ifdown-eth ifdown-sit ifup-ib ifup-routes network-functions-ipv6
ifdown-ib ifdown-Team ifup-ippp ifup-sit
ifdown-ippp ifdown-TeamPort ifup-ipv6 ifup-Team
ifdown-ipv6 ifdown-tunnel ifup-isdn ifup-TeamPort
[root@localhost network-scripts]# cp -p ifcfg-ens33 ifcfg-ens36 //复制ens33配置文件
[root@localhost network-scripts]# ls //查看
ifcfg-ens33 ifdown-ipv6 ifdown-tunnel ifup-isdn ifup-TeamPort
ifcfg-ens36 ifdown-isdn ifup ifup-plip ifup-tunnel
ifcfg-lo ifdown-post ifup-aliases ifup-plusb ifup-wireless
ifdown ifdown-ppp ifup-bnep ifup-post init.ipv6-global
ifdown-bnep ifdown-routes ifup-eth ifup-ppp network-functions
ifdown-eth ifdown-sit ifup-ib ifup-routes network-functions-ipv6
ifdown-ib ifdown-Team ifup-ippp ifup-sit
ifdown-ippp ifdown-TeamPort ifup-ipv6 ifup-Team
[root@localhost network-scripts]# vim ifcfg-ens36 //进入编辑ens36配置文件
TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=static
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=ens36 //更改33为36
DEVICE=ens36 //更改33为36
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.10.10 //更改IP地址网段
NETMAS=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.10.0 //更改网关地址
~
~ 注意，配置文件里面的UUID条目要删掉，让系统自动识别添加就可以了（UUID不可相同 ）
~
~
~
~
~
~
:wq
[root@localhost network-scripts]# service network restart //重新启动网络服务
Restarting network (via systemctl): [ 确定 ]
[root@localhost network-scripts]# ifconfig //查看网卡信息
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.100.10 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.100.255
inet6 fe80::a85a:c203:e2e:3f3c prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:0c:29:5b:d3:a0 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 3705 bytes 788818 (770.3 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 1978 bytes 243934 (238.2 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
ens36: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 //成功获取IP地址
inet 192.168.10.10 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.10.255
inet6 fe80::f6eb:23e3:3afb:fef4 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:0c:29:5b:d3:aa txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 248 bytes 33751 (32.9 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 280 bytes 49781 (48.6 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0