典型的类和调用方法:
#!/usr/bin/env Python
# coding=utf-8
__metaclass__ = type #新式类
class Person: #创建类
def __init__(self, name): #初始化函数
self.name = name
def getName(self): #类中的方法(函数)
return self.name
def color(self, color):
print "%s is %s" % (self.name, color)
girl = Person('wangguniang') #实例化
name = girl.getName() #调用方法(函数)
print "the person's name is: ", name
girl.color("white") #调用方法(函数)
print "------"
print girl.name #实例的属性
运行结果:
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self 的属性数据,也不一定非得是由参数传入的,也可以在构造函数中自己设定
#/bin/env/python
#coding:utf-8
__metaclass__ = type
class Person:
def __init__(self, name,general="male"):
self.name = name
self.email = "zy5724@163.com"
self.general = general info = Person("keven")
print "info.name=",info.name
print "info.email=",info.email
print "info.general=",info.general
运行结果:
aaarticlea/png;base64,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" alt="" />
继承
#!/usr/bin/env python
# coding=utf-8
__metaclass__ = type
class Person:
def speak(self):
print "I love you."
def setHeight(self, n):
self.length = n
def breast(self, n):
print "My breast is: ",n class Girl(Person):
def setHeight(self):
print "The height is:1.70m ." #方法重写 if __name__ == "__main__":
cang = Girl()
cang.setHeight()
cang.speak()
cang.breast(90)
运行结果:
aaarticlea/png;base64,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" alt="" />
多重继承:
#/usr/bin/env python
__metaclass__ = type class Person:
def speak(self):
print "Hello,world!!!"
def name(self,n):
print "My name is: ",n class Man:
def role(self,r):
print "I'm a ",r class Boy(Person,Man):
def food(self):
print "I like drink milk." if __name__ == "__main__":
keven = Boy()
keven.speak()
keven.name("keven")
keven.role("student")
keven.food()
运行结果:
aaarticlea/png;base64,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" alt="" />
继承的特点,即将父类的方法和属性全部承接到子类中;如果子类重写了父类的方法,就使用子类的该方法,父类的被遮盖。
super 函数
super 函数的参数,第一个是当前子类的类名字,第二个是 self,然后是点号,点号后面是所要调用的父类的方法。
#/usr/bin/env python
__metaclass__ = type class Person:
def speak(self):
print "Hello,world!!!"
def name(self,n):
print "My name is: ",n class Man:
def role(self,r):
print "I'm a ",r class Boy(Person,Man):
def food(self):
print "I like drink milk."
def speak(self):
print "I'm a boy."
super(Boy,self).speak() if __name__ == "__main__":
keven = Boy()
keven.speak()
keven.name("keven")
keven.role("student")
keven.food()
其中“super(Boy,self).speak() ”也可以通过”Person.speak(self)”调用speak方法。
执行结果:
aaarticlea/png;base64,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" alt="" />
静态方法和类方法
- @staticmethod 表示下面的方法是静态方法
- @classmethod 表示下面的方法是类方法
- 静态方法中的参数没有self,
- 类方法的参数也没有 self,但是必须有 cls 这个参数
# coding=utf-8
__metaclass__ = type
class StaticMethod:
@staticmethod
def foo():
print "This is static method foo()." class ClassMethod:
@classmethod
def bar(cls):
print "This is class method bar()."
print "bar() is part of class:",cls.__name__ if __name__ == "__main__":
static_foo = StaticMethod() #实例化
static_foo.foo() #实例调用静态方法
StaticMethod.foo() #通过类来调用静态方法
print "****************"
class_bar = ClassMethod() #实例化
class_bar.bar()
ClassMethod.bar()
执行结果:
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z74VZjeJYS1Bf6IHZZzIwVAnr0298bNFQgVsbM1vDP9NJ6K6OItzDIfbYPbLJkzStVxj/d3K+aVkeKT0lZ6hWyUMptuvIA4VnOQt2hD3KO/gAALF71vteB9gHAEkICd2jhu6F9AHA59A0TAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA4JFkO+zfwF7+rS/rQc50X4gABHJwHhAFmEvb04LkJUzm79plG7G1DUY7vyJfnjWAxxn1s3vHuK4E81WGA9l1P+2p9KBXCoH35oH0X076KX0aCCNM9F9W+qMP+lI0wa3GdH11hgyJut7rDUAzbZt0YpHCsjTM27Y2OhDf0DxfAoTlHkBk4CFFv72b/B/fcysXK2KQI95KmvjAUU3rDeMux/jkCODTnCjIDOxOTlbgDr5QcVro3iobjqD8MhT11F2bxoQpVFsBBSr9+7JTbVk4nYWcKat/NXUzNDqlVrIiMTaz9w1AE0bQvfKxvVuj4TsylHyo3Z70vDuNsHHamrPa5Oc78nSxWxHLt2ywMRYQE7TtFAAdN+yoLMgM7U0z71oyuUDQcR/1hKNQ1b9Kiuv41r9oXEVPdBMvnfett+UAZimrfwlgZmxThHyzI0679w1DEqhDXPv8g4lZjAIemniAzxhFyPBPYAX8TaOzsFIf9wT2k4WZYHitjgyLkgrzx47N9GArV9u51t8a7ezDr1qWqAA5Go9YSZIZ5HwBUR91BZgAAZsN7HQBwUXifFwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAI7D+UIfHMKpfSXYz/eueFwZ85t3Is5fzQOEZylKc6rQB9Vr31ZOobdop/odXLtOdV7SS9/7VNN2vmoZ8zE2Nafju+kuxebax6NSMTYaSEVuaJfKtU/2ZXsU7bsJbzWP0pf1Qifatw08Iq+A9h0D2ROq6OxnV+2zp6JN+363bbJHop7La585u68x9EHK5ou1gpkRCsNrqIR39MXv5IaSvSXMaA67nnYd7+Jb/NmF1BzYJIkMPdutmr0qGdrUS7Mr0PZ95Tns0e6GZv/wLKVozhX6oFxAj20aaukkwvUpEmjQRT/m8mIwR/u0hlI7a3FvKuS0z27V/Bg5lv/529S+c4RnKYXmBlK84rihD4oG9NigoZZpn+o3NGpaGtK6r7rAJgkWJWe/WzWH/HoD7sOOkdFBoW6pLDxLKcQtDMdgb2p83NAH5WKGbNNQy7Qv6FVVWEnNbOSMK/cPbDJ7GbHOvK9wNScjP2uS0aHmycKzlEIb0pWFPigXM2SbhrqA9m0W2GTclJzRoMv3+8pX097pG7/QdCfR/qDVp9K+6FLOr1t57Vt/3rdOQI8NGqrONW+GNccIbKIjLjfFgnerZqATjQ5K2hq49pq3ktAHKZQL6CE3lPUrvEZDSdlkmOluPAfac9WzjpCV+wc2WXR05gyEYGa7VVPXPv9+uNUYnqUE9YU+iF0WM2OFgB799vcGDRWIlTGzNfwzvbTeyijiLQxyn+0DmyxZ80qV8U8396um1ZHiU1KWeoUslHKbrjxAeJazUHfog5yjPwAAi1e973WgfQCwhJDAHVr4bmgfAFwOfcMEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAgzuPx/PfzM/77+5V19ddf49p/z8ejkJUV8+e/5wXbZ7sgB58DMw7KwObx+3z+hofcIHzfP33iOfKXVNAFiLfA1dpn4wAvx3iH/4r8D5JK74nO8bQjAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC" alt="" />
封装和私有化
python 中私有化的方法也比较简单,就是在准备私有化的属性(包括方法、数据)名字前面加双下划线。
用了@property 之后就可以调用被封装的私有属性了。
#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding=utf-8
__metaclass__ = type class ProtectMe:
def __init__(self):
self.me = "Keven"
self.__name = "Rock" #封装 @property #调用私有属性
def name(self):
return self.__name if __name__ == "__main__":
p = ProtectMe()
print p.name