原文链接：http://blog.csdn.net/xyang81/article/details/51997053

当一个进程的线程超过500个的话，那么这个进程的运行效率会变得很低。因为一个进程产生过多的线程，CPU资源会浪费在线程间切换过程当中。但当服务器配置很高的情况下，如：32G内存，16核的CPU。这样一台高配的机器上只装一个Tomcat实例，会有点浪费。其实我们可以根据服务器的硬件配置，配置多个Tomcat实例，充分利用硬件的资源。你第一时间可能会想到，直接下载多份Tomcat安装包，直接解压，改下端口跑起来不就可以了？ 这样也是可以的，但不好维护。假设你在一台机器上安装了5个Tomcat实例，日后要升级Tomcat时，你需要将新版本的tomcat复制并覆盖掉旧的5个tomcat安装程序和配置，所以还是挺麻烦的。下面介绍多个Tomcat实例共享同一个安装包的配置方法。

安装环境

操作系统：CentOS7 64位 Mini版 
JDK：1.8，安装目录：/opt/jdk1.8 
Tomcat：Tomcat8.0.35，安装目录：/opt/apache-tomcat-8.0.35 
配置3个Tomcat实例组件一个集群： 
/opt/tomcat_instance/tomcat1 
/opt/tomcat_instance/tomcat2 
/opt/tomcat_instance/tomcat3

安装步聚

1> 下载Tomcat安装包并解压，目录结构如下：

<code class="hljs lasso has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">drwxr<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-xr</span><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-x</span><span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span> root root  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>月  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">26</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">01</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">41</span> bin
drwxr<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-xr</span><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-x</span><span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span> root root  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">6</span>月  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">28</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">16</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">14</span> conf
drwxr<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-xr</span><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-x</span><span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> root root  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>月  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">25</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">22</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">12</span> lib
drwxr<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-xr</span><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-x</span><span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> root root  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">6</span>月  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">28</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">15</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">48</span> logs
drwxr<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-xr</span><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-x</span><span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> root root  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>月  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">25</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">22</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">12</span> temp
drwxr<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-xr</span><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-x</span><span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">7</span> root root  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>月  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">25</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">22</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">14</span> webapps
drwxr<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-xr</span><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-x</span><span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span> root root  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>月  <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">12</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">05</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">57</span> work</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul>

2> 在/opt/tomcat_instance下分别创建3个实例的目录：

<code class="hljs livecodeserver has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">shell</span>> mkdir -p /opt/tomcat_instance/tomcat1
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">shell</span>> mkdir -p /opt/tomcat_instance/tomcat2
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">shell</span>> mkdir -p /opt/tomcat_instance/tomcat3</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>

3> 拷贝tomcat安装目录下的conf目录分别放入3个实例目录中

<code class="hljs lasso has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">shell<span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">></span> copy <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-R</span> /opt/apache<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-tomcat</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">8.0</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.35</span>/conf /opt/tomcat_instance/tomcat1<span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/</span>
shell<span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">></span> copy <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-R</span> /opt/apache<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-tomcat</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">8.0</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.35</span>/conf /opt/tomcat_instance/tomcat2<span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/</span>
shell<span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">></span> copy <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-R</span> /opt/apache<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-tomcat</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">8.0</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.35</span>/conf /opt/tomcat_instance/tomcat3<span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>

4> 在tomcat实例下创建实例启动和停止脚本

启动和停止脚本放到tomcat实例的bin目录下

a) 启动脚本

<code class="hljs livecodeserver has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">shell</span>> mkdir -p /opt/tomcat_instance/tomcat[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4</span>]/bin
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">shell</span>> touch startup.sh
<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">shell</span>> chown +x startup.sh</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>

将以下脚本拷贝到startup.sh文件中，注意修改CATALINA_BASE指向的tomcat实例路径：

<code class="hljs bash has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-shebang" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">#!/bin/bash</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">export</span> JRE_HOME=/opt/jdk1.<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">8</span>/jre
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">export</span> CATALINA_HOME=/opt/tomcat8
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">export</span> CATALINA_BASE=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"/opt/tomcat_instance/tomcat1"</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">export</span> CATALINA_TMPDIR=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">$CATALINA_BASE</span>/temp"</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">export</span> CATALINA_PID=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">$CATALINA_BASE</span>/bin/tomcat.pid"</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">export</span> JAVA_OPTS=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"-server -Xms1024m -Xmx1024m -Djava.awt.headless=true -Dtomcat.name=tomcat1"</span>

<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">#创建logs目录</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> [ ! <span class="hljs-operator" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-d</span> <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">$CATALINA_BASE</span>/logs"</span> ]; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">then</span>
  mkdir <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">$CATALINA_BASE</span>/logs
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">fi</span>

<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">#创建temp目录</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> [ ! <span class="hljs-operator" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-d</span> <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">$CATALINA_BASE</span>/temp"</span> ]; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">then</span>
  mkdir <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">$CATALINA_BASE</span>/temp
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">fi</span>

<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 调用tomcat启动脚本</span>
bash <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">$CATALINA_HOME</span>/bin/startup.sh <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">$@</span>"</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li></ul>

b) 停止脚本

<code class="hljs perl has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">shell> touch <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">shutdown</span>.sh
shell> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">chown</span> +<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">x</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">shutdown</span>.sh
shell> vim <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">shutdown</span>.sh</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>

拷贝以下脚本到shutdown.sh文件中：

<code class="hljs bash has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-shebang" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">#!/bin/bash</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">export</span> JRE_HOME=/opt/jdk1.<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">8</span>/jre
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">export</span> CATALINA_HOME=/opt/tomcat8
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">export</span> CATALINA_BASE=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"/opt/tomcat_instance/tomcat1"</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">export</span> CATALINA_TMPDIR=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">$CATALINA_BASE</span>/temp"</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">export</span> CATALINA_PID=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">$CATALINA_BASE</span>/bin/tomcat.pid"</span>

bash <span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">$CATALINA_HOME</span>/bin/shutdown.sh <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">$@</span>"</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li></ul>

5、修改每个tomcat实例中server.xml中的端口

<code class="hljs r has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><Server port=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"8005"</span> shutdown=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"SHUTDOWN"</span>>
  <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">...</span>
  <Service name=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"Catalina"</span>>
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">...</span>

    <Connector port=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"8080"</span> protocol=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"HTTP/1.1"</span>
               connectionTimeout=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"20000"</span>
               redirectPort=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"8443"</span> />
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">...</span>

    <Connector port=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"8009"</span> protocol=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"AJP/1.3"</span> redirectPort=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"8443"</span> />
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">...</span>

    <Engine name=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"Catalina"</span> defaultHost=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"localhost"</span>>
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">...</span>
      <Host name=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"localhost"</span>  appBase=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"/opt/deploy/webapps"</span>
            unpackWARs=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"true"</span> autoDeploy=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"true"</span>>
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">...</span>
      </Host>
    </Engine>
  </Service>
</Server></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li></ul>

上面是裁剪过后的server.xml，分别修改以上三个端口（Server、HTTP、AJP），不要和其它实例的端口或系统已经占用的端口发生冲突。

6、创建实例部署应用的目录

<code class="hljs livecodeserver has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">shell</span>> mkdir -p /opt/deploy/webapps</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

所有实例的app默认都部署到/opt/deploy/webapps目录下，注意修改server.xml中Host节点的appBase属性的值。

7、启动服务

<code class="hljs ruby has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">shell> <span class="hljs-regexp" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/opt/tomcat</span>_instance/tomcat1/bin/startup.sh
shell> <span class="hljs-regexp" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/opt/tomcat</span>_instance/tomcat2/bin/startup.sh
shell> <span class="hljs-regexp" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/opt/tomcat</span>_instance/tomcat2/bin/startup.sh</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>

服务器启动之后，会分别在相应的实例目录下生成logs、temp、work和webapps目录。另外也可以在实例目录下创建lib目录，用于存放app的jar。现在来看实例的安装目录，就和tomcat的安装包解压后的目录结构一样了，但所有实例共享同一套tomcat安装程序的bin和lib。后面如果需要升级tomcat或修改tomcat脚本的相关配置，只需要更新这一套程序就行，也方便了日后的维护。tomcat1实例的目录结构如下：