https://blog.51cto.com/babylater/1962118
RHEL7和RHEL6的主要变化
RHEL7
RHEL6
文件系统
XFS
EXT4
内核版本
3.10.x-x系列
2.6.x-x系列
内核名称
Maipo
Santiago
发布时间
2014-06-09(3.10.0-123)
2010-11-09(2.6.32-71)
进程名称
systemd
init
运行级别
runlevel0.target->poweroff.target
runlevel1.target->rescue.target
runlevel2.target->multi-user.target
runlevel3.target->multi-user.target
runlevel4.target->multi-user.target
runlevel5.target->graphical.target
runlevel6.target->reboot.target
/etc/systemd/system/default.target
runlevel0
runlevel1
runlevel2
runlevel3
runlevel4
runlevel5
runlevel6
/etc/inittab
主机名称
/etc/hostname
/etc/sysconfig/network
容量上限
500TB
16TB
内存上限
64TB
-
CPU个数
5120个,SMP(Symmetric Multi-Processors)技术
检查工具
xfs.repair
e2fsck
启动工具
GRUB2
GRUB0.97
服务启动
Systemd
Upstart
服务管理
systemctl enable xxx.service
systemctl start xxx.service
systemctl stop xxx.service
systemctl restart xxx.service
兼容chkconfig,service命令
service enable xxx.service
service stop xxx.service
service start xxx.service
chkconfig --level 3 5 nfs on
防火墙
Firewalld兼容Iptables
Iptables
网络绑定
Team Driver
Bonding
网络时间
Chrony,ntpd
ntpd
NFS版本
NFS4.1 支持NFSv3,NFSv4.0,NFSv4.1客户端
NFS4
集群管理工具
Pacemaker
Rgmanager
负载均衡工具
Keepalived,HAProxy
Rgmanager
桌面环境
GNOME3,KDE4.10
GNOME2
数据库
MariaDB
MySQL
RHEL7和RHEL6的管理命令和配置文件的变化
订阅信息
RHEL7
RHEL6
订阅信息工具
subscription-manager identity
/etc/sysconfig/rhn/systemid
subscription-manager identity
配置订阅信息
subscription-manager rhn_register
rhn_register rhnreg_ks subscription-manager identity
基本配置
RHEL7
RHEL6
GUI配置工具
gnome-control-center
system-config-*
网络配置工具
nmcli nmtui nm-connection-editor
system-config-network
语言配置工具
localectl
system-config-language
时间配置工具
timedatectl date
system-config-date date
时间同步
ntpdate /etc/chrony.conf
ntpdate /etc/ntp.conf
键盘配置
localectl
system-config-keyboard
服务管理
RHEL7
RHEL6
服务列表
systemctl -at service
ls /{usr/lib,etc}/systemd/system/*.service
chkconfig
ls /etc/init.d/
服务启动
systemctl start name.service
service name start
服务停止
systemctl stop name.service
service name stop
服务查看
systemctl status name.service
service name status
服务重启
systemctl restart name.service
service name restart
服务开机自启
systemctl enable name.service
chkconfig name on
服务开机不自启
systemctl disable name.service
chkconfig name off
添加服务
systemctl daemon-reload
achkconfig --add
服务列表查看
systemctl -t service --state=active
service --status-all
查看运行级别
systemctl get-default
runlevel
修改运行级别
systemctl isolate name.target
init runlevel
init runlevel
日志文件
/etc/rsyslog.conf
/etc/rsyslog.d/*.conf
/var/log/journal/
/etc/systemd/journald.conf
/etc/rsyslog.conf
查看日志文件
/var/log/
/var/log/journalctl
内核硬件
RHEL7
RHEL6
启动提示符
append rd.break or init=/bin/bash to kernel cmdline
append 1 or s or init=/bin/bash to kernel cmdline
关闭系统
systemctl shutdown
shutdown
关闭电源
systemctl poweroff
poweroff
挂起系统
systemctl halt
halt
重启系统
systemctl reboot
reboot
修改运行级别
systemctl set-default
/etc/inittab
配置GRUB
/etc/default/grub
grub2-mkconfig
grub-set-default
/boot/grub/grub.conf
软件管理
RHEL7
RHEL6
安装软件包
yum install
yum group install
yum install
yum groupinstall
查看软件包
yum info
yum group info
yum info
yum groupinfo
文件系统
RHEL7
RHEL6
建立文件系统
fdisk parted gdisk
fdisk parted
LVM管理
vgextend lvextend xfs_growfs
vgextend lvextend resize2fs
网络接口配置
RHEL7
RHEL6
配置名称
/etc/hosts
/etc/resolv.conf
nmcli conmod
/etc/hosts
/etc/resolv.conf
主机名称配置
/etc/hostname
hostnamectl
nmcli
/etc/sysconfig/network
Ip地址配置
ip addr
nmcli dev
show
teamdctl
brctl
bridge
ip add
ifconfig
brctl
配置防火墙
firewall-cmd
firewall-config
iptables&ip6tables
/etc/sysconfig/ip*tables
system-config-firewall
查看端口命令
ss
lsof
netstat
ss
lsof
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RHEL7和RHEL6的版本对比
https://blog.51cto.com/babylater/1962118