本案例在于实现文件的多线程断点下载,即文件在下载一部分中断后,可继续接着已有进度下载,并通过进度条显示进度。也就是说在文件开始下载的同时,自动创建每个线程的下载进度的本地文件,下载中断后,重新进入应用点击下载,程序检查有没有本地文件的存在,若存在,获取本地文件中的下载进度,继续进行下载,当下载完成后,自动删除本地文件。
1. 定义布局文件需要用到的属性名及内容
2. 设置用户的Internet权限和关于SD卡的权限
<span style="font-size:14px;"><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MOUNT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS"/> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/></span>
3. 开始界面的布局
基本效果图如下:
用到两个TextView控件,一个EditText控件,一个Button控件,一个ProgressBar控件
需要注意的是:进度条用<ProgressBar />控件,设置sytle属性:style="?android:attr/progressBarStyleHorizontal"
4.MainActivity的主要程序如下,代码中有注释详解:
package www.csdn.net.download; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.RandomAccessFile; import java.net.HttpURLConnection; import java.net.URL; import www.csdn.net.utils.StreamTools; import android.R.integer; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.os.Environment; import android.text.TextUtils; import android.view.View; import android.widget.EditText; import android.widget.ProgressBar; import android.widget.TextView; import android.widget.Toast; public class DownloadActivity extends Activity { // 线程开启的数量 private int threadNum = 3; private int threadRunning = 3; private EditText et_url; private ProgressBar progressBar; private TextView tv_pb; private int currentProgress; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_download); // 获取控件对象 et_url = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_url); progressBar = (ProgressBar) findViewById(R.id.pb_down); tv_pb = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_pb); File sdDir = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(); File pbFile = new File(sdDir,"pb.txt"); InputStream is = null; try { //判断文件是否存在 if (pbFile.exists()) { is = new FileInputStream(pbFile); } } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } if (is != null) { String value = StreamTools.streamToStr(is); String[] arr = value.split(";"); progressBar.setMax(Integer.valueOf(arr[0]));//最大值 currentProgress = Integer.valueOf(arr[1]);//当前值 progressBar.setProgress(currentProgress); tv_pb.setText("当前的进度是:"+arr[2]);//显示百分比 } } // 下载文件(得到服务器端文件的大小) public void downLoadFile(View v) { // 获取下载路径 final String spec = et_url.getText().toString(); if (TextUtils.isEmpty(spec)) { Toast.makeText(this, "下载的地址不能为空", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); } else { new Thread() { public void run() { // HttpURLConnection try { // 根据下载的地址构建URL对象 URL url = new URL(spec); // 通过URL对象的openConnection()方法打开连接,返回一个连接对象 HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url .openConnection(); // 设置请求的头 httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("GET"); httpURLConnection.setReadTimeout(5000); httpURLConnection.setConnectTimeout(5000); // 判断是否响应成功 if (httpURLConnection.getResponseCode() == 200) { // 获取下载文件的长度 int fileLength = httpURLConnection .getContentLength(); //设置进度条的最大值 progressBar.setMax(fileLength); //判断sd卡是否管用 if (Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) { // 保存文件 // 外部存储设备的路径 File sdFile = Environment .getExternalStorageDirectory(); //获取文件的名称 String fileName = spec.substring(spec.lastIndexOf("/")+1); //创建保存的文件 File file = new File(sdFile, fileName); //创建可以随机访问对象 RandomAccessFile accessFile = new RandomAccessFile( file, "rwd"); // 保存文件的大小 accessFile.setLength(fileLength); // 关闭 accessFile.close(); // 计算出每个线程的下载大小 int threadSize = fileLength / threadNum; // 计算出每个线程的开始位置,结束位置 for (int threadId = 1; threadId <= 3; threadId++) { int startIndex = (threadId - 1) * threadSize; int endIndex = threadId * threadSize - 1; if (threadId == threadNum) {// 最后一个线程 endIndex = fileLength - 1; } System.out.println("当前线程:" + threadId + " 开始位置:" + startIndex + " 结束位置:" + endIndex + " 线程大小:" + threadSize); // 开启线程下载 new DownLoadThread(threadId, startIndex, endIndex, spec).start(); } }else { DownloadActivity.this.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() { public void run() { Toast.makeText(DownloadActivity.this, "SD卡不管用", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); } }); } }else { //在主线程中运行 DownloadActivity.this.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() { public void run() { Toast.makeText(DownloadActivity.this, "服务器端返回错误", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); } }); } } catch (Exception e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } }; }.start(); } } class DownLoadThread extends Thread { private int threadId; private int startIndex; private int endIndex; private String path; /** * 构造函数 * * @param threadId * 线程的序号 * @param startIndex * 线程开始位置 * @param endIndex * @param path */ public DownLoadThread(int threadId, int startIndex, int endIndex, String path) { super(); this.threadId = threadId; this.startIndex = startIndex; this.endIndex = endIndex; this.path = path; } @Override public void run() { try { File sdFile = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(); //获取每个线程下载的记录文件 File recordFile = new File(sdFile, threadId + ".txt"); if (recordFile.exists()) { // 读取文件的内容 InputStream is = new FileInputStream(recordFile); // 利用工具类转换 String value = StreamTools.streamToStr(is); // 获取记录的位置 int recordIndex = Integer.parseInt(value); // 将记录的位置赋给开始位置 startIndex = recordIndex; } // 通过path路径构建URL对象 URL url = new URL(path); // 通过URL对象的openConnection()方法打开连接,返回一个连接对象 HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url .openConnection(); // 设置请求的头 httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("GET"); httpURLConnection.setReadTimeout(5000); // 设置下载文件的开始位置结束位置 httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Range", "bytes=" + startIndex + "-" + endIndex); // 获取的状态码 int code = httpURLConnection.getResponseCode(); // 判断是否成功 if (code == 206) { // 获取每个线程返回的流对象 InputStream is = httpURLConnection.getInputStream(); //获取文件的名称 String fileName = path.substring(path.lastIndexOf("/")+1); // 根据路径创建文件 File file = new File(sdFile, fileName); // 根据文件创建RandomAccessFile对象 RandomAccessFile raf = new RandomAccessFile(file, "rwd"); raf.seek(startIndex); // 定义读取的长度 int len = 0; // 定义缓冲区 byte b[] = new byte[1024 * 1024]; int total = 0; // 循环读取 while ((len = is.read(b)) != -1) { RandomAccessFile threadFile = new RandomAccessFile( new File(sdFile, threadId + ".txt"), "rwd"); threadFile.writeBytes((startIndex + total) + ""); threadFile.close(); raf.write(b, 0, len); // 已经下载的大小 total += len; //解决同步问题 synchronized (DownloadActivity.this) { currentProgress += len; progressBar.setProgress(currentProgress); //计算百分比的操作 l表示long型 final String percent = currentProgress*100l/progressBar.getMax()+"%"; DownloadActivity.this.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() { public void run() { tv_pb.setText("当前的进度是:"+percent); } }); //创建保存当前进度和百分比的操作 RandomAccessFile pbFile = new RandomAccessFile( new File(sdFile, "pb.txt"), "rwd"); pbFile.writeBytes(progressBar.getMax()+";"+currentProgress+";"+percent); pbFile.close(); } } raf.close(); is.close(); runOnUiThread(new Runnable() { public void run() { Toast.makeText(DownloadActivity.this, "当前线程--" + threadId + "--下载完毕", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); } }); deleteRecordFiles(); } else { runOnUiThread(new Runnable() { public void run() { Toast.makeText(DownloadActivity.this, "服务器端下载错误", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); } }); } } catch (Exception e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } } } // synchronized避免线程同步 public synchronized void deleteRecordFiles() { File sdFile = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(); threadRunning--; if (threadRunning == 0) { for (int i = 1; i <= 3; i++) { File recordFile = new File(sdFile, i + ".txt"); if (recordFile.exists()) { // 删除文件 recordFile.delete(); } File pbFile = new File(sdFile,"pb.txt"); if (pbFile.exists()) { pbFile.delete(); } } } } }
对于流的输出可以封装一个StreamTools方法,在主程序中可以应用,代码如下:
package www.csdn.net.utils; import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; public class StreamTools { public static String streamToStr(InputStream is){ String value = null; try { ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); // 定义读取的长度 int len = 0; // 定义缓冲区 byte b[] = new byte[1024]; // 循环读取 while ((len = is.read(b)) != -1) { baos.write(b, 0, len); } baos.close(); is.close(); value = new String(baos.toByteArray()); } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } return value; } }5. 程序运行结果如图:
sd卡中出现的临时文件,当下载完成会自动删除:
6. 出现的bug原因可能有:
Internet权限没加,服务器没启动,访问下载路径有错,没有获取控件对象等。
如果文件下载中,进度条显示的进度是负数,可能原因是文件大小进行百分比计算时超出内存空间,解决办法:在定义百分比的时候,在100后面加上l,表示long型,即String percent = currentProgress*100l/progressBar.getMax()+"%"。