浅谈apache与tomact的整合，有三种方式

2021-08-18 18:51:00

一般来讲，配置apache和tomcat的整合有三种方式，mod_proxy,mod_ajp和mod_jk等三种方式，前2种配置步骤类似且相对容易，且只支持apache2.2以后的版本，mod_jk则配置相对复杂，但强在稳定性和性能方面，因为没有系统的写过这方面的文档，故在此简要的记录下使用mod_proxy和mod_jk两种方式来整合apache和tomcat！

本文环境介绍：
os版本：centos5.4 64bit
jdk版本：jdk-6u2-linux-i586.bin
tomcat版本：7.0.29
apache版本：2.4.2
apache服务器IP：192.168.123.110/24
tomcat实例一IP:192.168.123.110/24 (端口默认)
tomcat实例二IP:192.168.123.20/24 (端口默认)

一：mod_proxy方式的整合
1：编译安装apache，需要编译proxy相关的模块，这里采用目前最新版的apache2.4.2



    

  1. [root@db1 ~]# tar -zxvpf httpd-2.4.2.tar.gz   
    2. 

  2. [root@db1 ~]# cd httpd-2.4.2  
    3. 

  3. [root@db1 httpd-2.4.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --enable-proxy --enable-proxy-ajp  --enable-rewrite --enable-so  --enable-headers --enable-expires  --enable-modules-shared=most --with-apr=/usr/local/apr/ --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/  
    4. 

  4. [root@db1 httpd-2.4.2]# make   
    5. 

  5. [root@db1 httpd-2.4.2]# make install 
    6. 



若启动apache出现下面的错误，基本上属于apr的问题，要么apr没安装，要么版本不对！





[root@db1 ~]# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl -t 
httpd: Syntax error on line 113 of /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf: Cannot load /usr/local/apache/modules/mod_proxy.so into server: /usr/local/apache/modules/mod_proxy.so: undefined symbol: apr_global_mutex_lockfile


[root@db1 ~]# yum remove apr
[root@db1 ~]# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl -t 
Syntax OK


[root@db1 ~]# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl -t -D DUMP_MODULES |grep proxy
 proxy_module (shared)
 proxy_connect_module (shared)
 proxy_ftp_module (shared)
 proxy_http_module (shared)
 proxy_fcgi_module (shared)
 proxy_scgi_module (shared)
 proxy_ajp_module (shared)
 proxy_balancer_module (shared)
 proxy_express_module (shared)







 


2：配置apache的虚拟主机




    

  1. [root@db1 ~]# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl -t -D DUMP_VHOSTS  
    2. 

  2. VirtualHost configuration:  
    3. 

  3. *:80                   is a NameVirtualHost  
    4. 

  4.          default server 192.168.123.110 (/usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf:23)  
    5. 

  5.          port 80 namevhost 192.168.123.110 (/usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf:23)  
    6. 

  6.          port 80 namevhost 192.168.123.110 (/usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf:23)  
    7. 

  7.          port 80 namevhost www.yang.com (/usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf:31)  
    8. 

  8.          port 80 namevhost www.yang.com (/usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf:31) 
    9. 



若启动apache报错如下，则需要加载mod_slotmem_shm.so模块，之前在使用apache中很少用到mod_proxy模块，所以遇到的问题多多！





[root@db1 ~]# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl -k start
[root@db1 ~]# echo $?
0
[root@db1 ~]# netstat -ntpl |grep :80
[root@db1 ~]# cat /usr/local/apache/logs/error_log 
[Fri Aug 10 18:32:25.298436 2012] [proxy_balancer:emerg] [pid 7859:tid 47937562389216] AH01177: Failed to lookup provider ‘shm‘ for ‘slotmem‘: is mod_slotmem_shm loaded??
[Fri Aug 10 18:32:25.298650 2012] [:emerg] [pid 7859:tid 47937562389216] AH00020: Configuration Failed, exiting
[Fri Aug 10 18:34:04.717801 2012] [proxy_balancer:emerg] [pid 7876:tid 47508265659104] AH01177: Failed to lookup provider ‘shm‘ for ‘slotmem‘: is mod_slotmem_shm loaded??
[Fri Aug 10 18:34:04.717951 2012] [:emerg] [pid 7876:tid 47508265659104] AH00020: Configuration Failed, exiting


[root@db1 ~]# grep ‘slotmem‘ /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf 
LoadModule slotmem_shm_module modules/mod_slotmem_shm.so


[root@db1 ~]# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl -k start
[root@db1 ~]# netstat -ntpl |grep :80
tcp        0      0 :::80                       :::*                        LISTEN      7898/httpd







 


注意：2.4.2版本的apache中需要在目录下面添加 Require all granted,否则无论怎么访问都是403，悲了个催的！具体报错如下:


[Fri Aug 10 19:07:13.263893 2012] [authz_core:error] [pid 8918:tid 1126259008] [client 192.168.123.102:53420] AH01630: client  denied by server configuration: /tmp




    

  1. [root@db1 ~]# grep -v ‘^#‘ /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf |grep -v ‘^$‘  
    2. 

  2. <VirtualHost *:80> 
    3. 

  3.     ServerName 192.168.123.110   
    4. 

  4.     <Location /> 
    5. 

  5.     Order deny,allow  
    6. 

  6.     Deny from all  
    7. 

  7.     </Location> 
    8. 

  8. </VirtualHost> 
    9. 

  9. <VirtualHost *:80> 
    10. 

  10.     ServerName   www.yang.com  
    11. 

  11.     DocumentRoot /tmp  
    12. 

  12.     <Directory /tmp> 
    13. 

  13.      Options +indexes  
    14. 

  14.      Order allow,deny  
    15. 

  15.      Allow from all  
    16. 

  16.      Require all granted   
    17. 

  17.     </Directory> 
    18. 

  18. </VirtualHost> 
    19. 



 


浅谈apache与tomact的整合，有三种方式 


 


浅谈apache与tomact的整合，有三种方式 


浅谈apache与tomact的整合，有三种方式


3：安装jdk和tomcat，并启动tomcat




    

  1. [root@db2 ~]# java -version  
    2. 

  2. java version "1.6.0"  
    3. 

  3. OpenJDK  Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0-b09)  
    4. 

  4. OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 1.6.0-b09, mixed mode)  
    5. 

  5.  
    6. 

  6. [root@db2 ~]# /usr/local/tomcat7/bin/startup.sh   
    7. 

  7. Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/tomcat7  
    8. 

  8. Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/tomcat7  
    9. 

  9. Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat7/temp  
    10. 

  10. Using JRE_HOME:        /usr/local/java  
    11. 

  11. Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/tomcat7/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat7/bin/tomcat-juli.jar  
    12. 

  12.  
    13. 

  13. [root@db2 ~]# netstat -ntpl |grep java  
    14. 

  14. tcp        0      0 ::ffff:127.0.0.1:8005       :::*                        LISTEN      7601/java             
    15. 

  15. tcp        0      0 :::8009                     :::*                        LISTEN      7601/java             
    16. 

  16. tcp        0      0 :::8080                     :::*                        LISTEN      7601/java  
    17. 



浅谈apache与tomact的整合，有三种方式


4：使用mod_proxy转发jsp的请求，test目录，tomcat.css,tomcat.png请求使用apache处理




    

  1. <VirtualHost *:80> 
    2. 

  2.     ServerName   www.yang.com  
    3. 

  3.     DocumentRoot /tmp  
    4. 

  4.     <Directory /tmp> 
    5. 

  5.      Options +indexes  
    6. 

  6.      Order allow,deny  
    7. 

  7.      Allow from all  
    8. 

  8.      Require all granted  
    9. 

  9.     </Directory> 
    10. 

  10.     Proxypass /test !  
    11. 

  11.     Proxypass /tomcat.css !  
    12. 

  12.     Proxypass /tomcat.png !  
    13. 

  13.     Proxypass / http://192.168.123.20:8080  
    14. 

  14. </VirtualHost> 
    15. 



5：mod_proxy配置集群




    

  1. <VirtualHost *:80> 
    2. 

  2.     ServerName   www.yang.com  
    3. 

  3.     DocumentRoot /tmp  
    4. 

  4.     <Directory /tmp> 
    5. 

  5.      Options +indexes  
    6. 

  6.      Order allow,deny  
    7. 

  7.      Allow from all  
    8. 

  8.      Require all granted   
    9. 

  9.     </Directory> 
    10. 

  10.     Proxypass /test !  
    11. 

  11.     Proxypass /tomcat.css !  
    12. 

  12.     Proxypass /tomcat.png !  
    13. 

  13.     Proxypass / balancer://yang  
    14. 

  14.     <Proxy balancer://yang/> 
    15. 

  15.     BalancerMember http://192.168.123.20:8080/  
    16. 

  16.     BalancerMember http://192.168.123.110:8080/  
    17. 

  17.     </Proxy> 
    18. 

  18. </VirtualHost> 
    19. 



6:测试 


浅谈apache与tomact的整合，有三种方式


 


浅谈apache与tomact的整合，有三种方式


 二：mod_jk方式整合
1：下载并编译安装mod_jk模块




    

  1. [root@db1 ~]# wget http://www.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-connectors/jk/tomcat-connectors-1.2.37-src.tar.gz  
    2. 

  2. [root@db1 ~]# tar -zxvf tomcat-connectors-1.2.37-src.tar.gz   
    3. 

  3. [root@db1 ~]# cd tomcat-connectors-1.2.37-src/native/  
    4. 

  4. [root@db1 native]# ./configure --with-apxs=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs   
    5. 

  5. [root@db1 native]# make && make install  
    6. 

  6.  
    7. 

  7. [root@db1 ~]# grep ‘mod_jk‘ /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf   
    8. 

  8. Include conf/extra/mod_jk.conf 
    9. 



2：修改mod_jk配置文件如下




    

  1. [root@db1 ~]# grep -v ‘^#‘ /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/mod_jk.conf   
    2. 

  2. LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so  
    3. 

  3. JkWorkersFile conf/extra/workers.properties  
    4. 

  4. JkLogFile "logs/mod_jk.log"  
    5. 

  5. JkLogLevel info  
    6. 

  6. JkLogStampFormat "[%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y]"  
    7. 

  7. JkOptions +ForwardKeySize +ForwardURICompat -ForwardDirectories  
    8. 

  8. JkRequestLogFormat "%w %V %T"  
    9. 

  9. JkShmFile logs/jk.shm  
    10. 

  10. HostnameLookups Off 
    11. 



3：配置workers.properties，指定ajp连接tomcat的信息




    

  1. [root@db1 ~]# cat /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/workers.properties   
    2. 

  2. worker.list=yang,jkstatus  
    3. 

  3. #110   
    4. 

  4. worker.server110.port=8009 
    5. 

  5. worker.server110.host=192.168.123.110  
    6. 

  6. worker.server110.type=ajp13 
    7. 

  7. worker.server110.lbfactor=0  
    8. 

  8. worker.server110.socket_keepalive=1  
    9. 

  9. worker.server110.socket_timeout=0  
    10. 

  10. worker.server110.retries=3 
    11. 

  11.  
    12. 

  12. #20  
    13. 

  13. worker.server20.port=8009 
    14. 

  14. worker.server20.host=192.168.123.20  
    15. 

  15. worker.server20.type=ajp13 
    16. 

  16. worker.server20.lbfactor=9 
    17. 

  17. worker.server20.socket_keepalive=1 
    18. 

  18. worker.server20.socket_timeout=0  
    19. 

  19. worker.server20.retries=3 
    20. 

  20.  
    21. 

  21. worker.yang.type=lb 
    22. 

  22. worker.retries=3 
    23. 

  23. worker.yang.balance_workers=server110, server22  
    24. 

  24. worker.yang.sticky_session=true 
    25. 

  25. worker.yang.sticky_session_force=true 
    26. 

  26.  
    27. 

  27. worker.jkstatus.type=status  
    28. 

  28. worker.jkstatus.read_only=true 
    29. 



4：配置虚拟主机，jkmount_yang.conf文件指定了客户端http请求的走向,test目录下的请求交给apache处理




    

  1. <VirtualHost *:80> 
    2. 

  2.     ServerName   www.yang.com  
    3. 

  3.     DocumentRoot /tmp  
    4. 

  4.     Include  conf/extra/jkmount_yang.conf  
    5. 

  5.     <Directory /tmp> 
    6. 

  6.      Options +indexes  
    7. 

  7.      Order allow,deny  
    8. 

  8.      Allow from all  
    9. 

  9.      Require all granted   
    10. 

  10.     </Directory> 
    11. 

  11. </VirtualHost> 
    12. 

  12.  
    13. 

  13. [root@db1 ~]# cat /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/jkmount_yang.conf   
    14. 

  14. JkMount   /*              yang  
    15. 

  15. JkMount   /status         jkstatus  
    16. 

  16. JkunMount /test/*         yang 
    17. 



5：重启apache




    

  1. [root@db1 ~]# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl -t  
    2. 

  2. Syntax OK  
    3. 

  3. [root@db1 ~]# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl -k restart 
    4. 



6：修改tomcat配置文件如下，重启tomcat实例，文件中主要修改jvmroute参数，同workers.properties中的一致





[root@db1 ~]# cat sr/local/tomcat7/conf/server.xml 
<?xml version=‘1.0‘ encoding=‘utf-8‘?>


<Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">  
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" />
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener" />
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" />
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" />
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" />
  
  <GlobalNamingResources>
    <Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container"
              type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"
              description="User database that can be updated and saved"
              factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"
              pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" />
  </GlobalNamingResources>


  <Service name="Catalina">
    <Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
               connectionTimeout="20000"
               redirectPort="8443" />
     <Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />
    <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="server110">


<!-- 配置集群session 同步相关 -->  
<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster" channelSendOptions="8">           
          <Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"
                   expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"
                   notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/>  
              
          <Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">  
            <Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"
                        address="228.0.0.5"
                        port="45564"
                        frequency="500"
                        dropTime="3000"/>
            <Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"
                      address="192.168.123.110"
                      port="4000"
                      autoBind="100"
                      selectorTimeout="5000"
                      maxThreads="6"/>
            <Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">
              <Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/>
            </Sender>
            <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>
            <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>
            <Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.ThroughputInterceptor"/>
          </Channel>
          <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"
                 filter=".*\.gif;.*\.js;.*\.jpg;.*\.png;.*\.htm;.*\.html;.*\.css;.*\.txt;"/>
          <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve"/>
          <ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener"/>
          <ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>
</Cluster>  
<!-- 配置集群session 同步相关 --> 
    
      <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">
            <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
               resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
      </Realm>


      <Host name="localhost"  appBase="webapps"
            unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
        <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
               prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt"
               pattern="%h %l %u %t &quot;%r&quot; %s %b" />


      </Host>
    </Engine>
  </Service>
</Server>







 


7：测试


浅谈apache与tomact的整合，有三种方式


 


浅谈apache与tomact的整合，有三种方式


 


浅谈apache与tomact的整合，有三种方式


浅谈apache与tomact的整合，有三种方式
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