交换机广播域：所有接口都在一个广播域中。

虚拟局域网：vlan

好处/功能： 1.划分广播域

                    2.管理方便

                    3.安全

ethernet          10M

fastethernet    100M

Gethernet       1000M

交换机根据连接对象不同，接口模式：1.access    接入模式           电脑                     一个接口只能划分进一个vlan

                                                             2.trunk    主干链路模式     交换机                    默认只允许vlan1通过，其他vlan流量需要手动放行

                                                             3.hybrid      混合模式           电脑或交换机

SW1 

<Huawei>undo terminal monitor
Info: Current terminal monitor is off.
<Huawei>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname SW1
[SW1]user-interface console 0
[SW1-ui-console0]idle-timeout 0 0
[SW1-ui-console0]quit
[SW1]vlan bat 2 3
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[SW1]interface Ethernet0/0/1
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/1]port link-type access
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/1]port default vlan 2
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/1]quit
[SW1]interface Ethernet0/0/2
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/2]port link-type access
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/2]port default vlan 3
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/2]quit

PC1

PC>ping 192.168.1.20

Ping 192.168.1.20: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.1.10: Destination host unreachable
From 192.168.1.10: Destination host unreachable
From 192.168.1.10: Destination host unreachable
From 192.168.1.10: Destination host unreachable
From 192.168.1.10: Destination host unreachable

--- 192.168.1.20 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  0 packet(s) received
  100.00% packet loss

交换机只做相同vlan之间的数据通信

路由器可以实现不同网段之间的通信

SW1

<Huawei>undo terminal monitor
Info: Current terminal monitor is off.
<Huawei>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname SW1
[SW1]user-interface console 0
[SW1-ui-console0]idle-timeout 0 0
[SW1-ui-console0]quit
[SW1]vlan bat 2 3
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[SW1]interface Ethernet0/0/1
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/1]port link-type access
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/1]port default vlan 2
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/1]quit
[SW1]interface Ethernet0/0/2
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/2]port link-type access
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/2]port default vlan 3
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/2]quit
[SW1]int e0/0/22
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/22]port link-type trunk
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/22]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/22]q

SW2

The device is running!

<Huawei>undo terminal monitor
Info: Current terminal monitor is off.
<Huawei>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname SW2
[SW2]user-interface console 0
[SW2-ui-console0]idle-timeout 0 0
[SW2-ui-console0]quit
[SW2]vlan bat 2 3
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[SW2]int e0/0/1
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/1]port link-type access
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/1]port default vlan 2
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/1]int e0/0/2
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/2]port link-type access
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/2]port default vlan 3
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/2]int e0/0/22
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/22]port link-type trunk
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/22]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[SW2-Ethernet0/0/22]q

PC1

PC>ping 192.168.1.30

Ping 192.168.1.30: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.1.30: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=128 time=78 ms
From 192.168.1.30: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=128 time=79 ms
From 192.168.1.30: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=128 time=78 ms
From 192.168.1.30: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=128 time=109 ms
From 192.168.1.30: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=128 time=109 ms

--- 192.168.1.30 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 78/90/109 ms

PC2

Welcome to use PC Simulator!

PC>ping 192.168.1.40

Ping 192.168.1.40: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.1.40: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=128 time=78 ms
From 192.168.1.40: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=128 time=78 ms
From 192.168.1.40: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=128 time=78 ms
From 192.168.1.40: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=128 time=78 ms
From 192.168.1.40: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=128 time=78 ms

--- 192.168.1.40 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 78/78/78 ms