1.创建PDB
SQL> select name from v$datafile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora12c/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora12c/pdbseed/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora12c/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora12c/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora12c/undotbs01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora12c/users01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora12c/EMP/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora12c/EMP/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora12c/EMP/EMP_users01.dbf
9 rows selected.
SQL> alter system set db_create_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora12c/dsg';
System altered.
SQL> create pluggable database dsg admin user hxy identified by hxy roles=(connect);
Pluggable database created.
要先设置db_create_file_dest，否则创建PDB的时候报下面的错误：
SQL> create pluggable database dsg admin user hxy identified by hxy roles=(connect);
create pluggable database dsg admin user hxy identified by hxy roles=(connect)
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-65016: FILE_NAME_CONVERT must be specified
查看
SQL> select con_id,name,open_mode from v$pdbs;
CON_ID NAME OPEN_MODE
---------- ------------------------------ ----------
2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY
3 EMP READ WRITE
4 DSG MOUNTED
启动DSG
SQL> alter pluggable database dsg open;
Pluggable database altered.
SQL> select con_id,name,open_mode from v$pdbs;
CON_ID NAME OPEN_MODE
---------- ------------------------------ ----------
2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY
3 EMP READ WRITE
4 DSG READ WRITE
2.（1）通过tnsname访问PDB数据库
例如：
首先需要启动监听，最好使用netca配置监听，配置完成后查看其状态为：
[oracle@db12 admin]$ lsnrctl status LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.1.0.1. - Production on -AUG- :: Copyright (c) , , Oracle. All rights reserved. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=db12)(PORT=)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.1.0.1. - Production
Start Date -AUG- ::
Uptime days hr. min. sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1./network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/db12/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=db12)(PORT=)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcps)(HOST=db12)(PORT=))(Security=(my_wallet_directory=/u01/app/oracle/admin/db12/xdb_wallet))(Presentation=HTTP)(Session=RAW))
Services Summary...
Service "db12" has instance(s).
Instance "db12", status READY, has handler(s) for this service...
Service "db12XDB" has instance(s).
Instance "db12", status READY, has handler(s) for this service...
Service "emp" has instance(s).
Instance "db12", status READY, has handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
如果使用手动配置监听器，pdb的监听不一定能启动，这点要注意！
查看当前数据库的PDB
SQL> select con_id,name,open_mode from v$pdbs;
CON_ID NAME OPEN_MODE
---------- ------------------------------ ----------
2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY
3 EMP READ WRITE
查看tnsnames.ora
EMP =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost.localdomain)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = EMP)
)
)
访问：
[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus sys/oracle@emp as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on Sat Jan 18 14:26:04 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options
SQL> show con_name con_id
CON_NAME
------------------------------
EMP
CON_ID
------------------------------
3
（2）使用EZCONNECT方式连接到数据库
SQL> conn sys/oracle@//localhost/dsg as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> show con_name con_id
CON_NAME
------------------------------
DSG
CON_ID
------------------------------
4 查看
SQL> select name from v$datafile;
NAME
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora12c/undotbs01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora12c/dsg/ORA12C/F039E431F9CE7170E0430100007F6A0D/datafile/o1_mf_system_9fn895qv_.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora12c/dsg/ORA12C/F039E431F9CE7170E0430100007F6A0D/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_9fn89mpk_.dbf
有两个单独的数据文件system、sysaux和共享的undo表空间共享的全局数据文件
SQL> select name from v$tempfile;
NAME
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora12c/dsg/ORA12C/F039E431F9CE7170E0430100007F6A0D/datafile/o1_mf_temp_9fn8bxy4_.dbf
有独立的临时文件
SQL> select name from v$controlfile;
NAME
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora12c/control01.ctl
/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ora12c/control02.ctl
控制文件是共享的
（3）在DBA等高级权限的用户下，通过alter命令进行会话级别的容器切换，访问不同容器下的对象
SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> alter session set container=dsg;
Session altered.
SQL> show con_id con_name
CON_ID
------------------------------
4
CON_NAME
------------------------------
DSG
SQL> alter session set container=emp;
Session altered.
SQL> show con_id con_name
CON_ID
------------------------------
3
CON_NAME
------------------------------
EMP
五，关闭PDB
（1）切换到PDB
SQL> alter session set container=dsg;
Session altered.
SQL> show con_id con_name
CON_ID
------------------------------
4
CON_NAME
------------------------------
DSG
SQL> shutdown immediate
Pluggable Database closed.
（2）在具有sys权限的用户执行
SQL> alter pluggable database emp close;
Pluggable database altered.
六，删除PDB
SQL> select con_id,name,open_mode from v$pdbs;
CON_ID NAME OPEN_MODE
---------- ------------------------------ ----------
2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY
3 EMP MOUNTED
4 DSG READ WRITE
SQL> drop pluggable database dsg including datafiles;
drop pluggable database dsg including datafiles
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-65025: Pluggable database DSG is not closed on all instances.
必须让PDB处于关闭状态才能删除PDB
SQL> alter pluggable database dsg close;
Pluggable database altered.
SQL> drop pluggable database dsg including datafiles;
Pluggable database dropped.
查看产生的alert日志：
把相应的数据文件全部删除
在OS中查看：