一个简单的 ASP.NET MVC 例子演示如何在 Knockout JS 的配合下,使用 TypeScript 。
前言
实战
1. 定义实体类
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web; namespace TypeScriptMvc.Models
{
public class TaskDetails
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public string Title { get; set; }
public string Details { get; set; }
public DateTime Starts { get; set; }
public DateTime Ends { get; set; }
}
}
2. 控制器(Controller)代码
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using TypeScriptMvc.Models; namespace TypeScriptMvc.Controllers
{
public class HomeController : Controller
{ public ActionResult Tasks()
{
List<TaskDetails> tasks = new List<TaskDetails>();
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
TaskDetails newTask = new TaskDetails
{
Id = i,
Title = "Task " + (i + 1),
Details = "Task Details " + (i + 1),
Starts = DateTime.Now,
Ends = DateTime.Now.AddDays(i + 1)
};
tasks.Add(newTask);
}
return View(tasks);
} }
}
这里仅仅是循环生成了 10 条 TaskDetails 记录,并把它作为 Model 传递给 View。
3. View.cshtml 代码
@model IEnumerable<TypeScriptMvc.Models.TaskDetails> <p>
@Html.ActionLink("Create New", "Create")
<input type="hidden" id="serverJSON" value="@Newtonsoft.Json.JsonConvert.SerializeObject(Model)" />
</p>
<table class="table">
<tr>
<th>
Title
</th>
<th>
Details
</th>
<th>
Starts
</th>
<th>
Ends
</th>
<th></th>
</tr>
<tbody data-bind="foreach: tasks">
<tr>
<td data-bind="text: title"></td>
<td data-bind="text: details"></td>
<td data-bind="text: starts"></td>
<td data-bind="text: ends"></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table> @section Scripts{
<script src="~/Scripts/knockout-2.3.0.js"></script>
<script src="~/Scripts/moment.min.js"></script>
<script src="~/Scripts/typescript-list.js"></script>
}
首先,我们看到 JSON 序列化了 Controller 传过来的 Model,然后用了一个 HTML Hidden 来保存。然后用 Knockout JS 的语法(请注意 <tbody> 中的 data-bind)来呈现数据,那么 Knockout JS 的数据源从哪里来呢?我们接着往下看。我们看到底部引用了一个 typescript-list.js ,进去瞧瞧。PS:typescript-list.js 这个 JS 文件并不是什么第三方 Javascript 库,完全可以把它改成 aaa.js 。另外那 2 个 JS 文件(knockout-2.3.0.js 和 moment.min.js)就是第三方库了。
4. 进入 typescript-list.js
找到 typescript-list.js 文件
///<reference path="typings/jquery/jquery.d.ts" />
///<reference path="typings/knockout/knockout.d.ts" />
var TaskDetails = (function () {
function TaskDetails(id, title, details, starts, ends) {
this.id = ko.observable(id);
this.title = ko.observable(title);
this.details = ko.observable(details);
this.starts = ko.observable(moment(starts).format("MMM DD, YYYY h:mm:ss a"));
this.ends = ko.observable(moment(ends).format("MMM DD, YYYY h:mm:ss a"));
}
return TaskDetails;
})(); var TaskViewModel = (function () {
function TaskViewModel() {
this.tasks = ko.observableArray([]);
}
return TaskViewModel;
})(); $(document).ready(function () {
var serverData;
serverData = JSON.parse($("#serverJSON").val());
var vm;
var i;
vm = new TaskViewModel();
for (i = 0; i < serverData.length; i++) {
var serverTask;
serverTask = serverData[i];
vm.tasks.push(new TaskDetails(serverTask.Id, serverTask.Title, serverTask.Details, serverTask.Starts, serverTask.Ends));
}
ko.applyBindings(vm);
});
//# sourceMappingURL=typescript-list.js.map
根据 TypeScript 的背景,我猜测这个 js 文件是编译后动态生成的,语言就是 TypeScript。果然,在目录 /Scripts 下,我找到了 typescript-list.ts。 扩展名是 ts,也就是去 TypeScript 的 2 个单词的首字母。我还注意到还有一个 typescript-list.js.map 文件,我猜应该也是由 TypeScript 动态生成的,下面我们进入 typescript-list.ts 瞧瞧。
typescript-list.js.map 内容如下:
{
"version":3,
"file":"typescript-list.js",
"sourceRoot":"",
"sources":["typescript-list.ts"],
"names":["TaskDetails","TaskDetails.constructor","TaskViewModel","TaskViewModel.constructor",""],
"mappings":"AAAA,kDAAkD;AAClD,sDAAsD;AAEtD;IAOIA,qBAAYA,EAAUA,EAAEA,KAAaA,EAAEA,OAAeA,EAClDA,MAAcA,EAAEA,IAAYA;QAC5BC,IAAIA,CAACA,EAAEA,GAAGA,EAAEA,CAACA,UAAUA,CAACA,EAAEA,CAACA,CAACA;QAC5BA,IAAIA,CAACA,KAAKA,GAAGA,EAAEA,CAACA,UAAUA,CAACA,KAAKA,CAACA,CAACA;QAClCA,IAAIA,CAACA,OAAOA,GAAGA,EAAEA,CAACA,UAAUA,CAACA,OAAOA,CAACA,CAACA;QACtCA,IAAIA,CAACA,MAAMA,GAAGA,EAAEA,CAACA,UAAUA,CAACA,MAAMA,CAACA,MAAMA,CAACA,CAACA,MAAMA,CAACA,yBAAyBA,CAACA,CAACA,CAACA;QAC9EA,IAAIA,CAACA,IAAIA,GAAGA,EAAEA,CAACA,UAAUA,CAACA,MAAMA,CAACA,IAAIA,CAACA,CAACA,MAAMA,CAACA,yBAAyBA,CAACA,CAACA,CAACA;IAC9EA,CAACA;IACLD;AAACA,CAAAA,IAAA;;AAED;IAEIE;QACIC,IAAIA,CAACA,KAAKA,GAAGA,EAAEA,CAACA,eAAeA,CAACA,EAAEA,CAACA,CAACA;IACxCA,CAACA;IACLD;AAACA,CAAAA,IAAA;;AAED,CAAC,CAAC,QAAQ,CAAC,CAAC,KAAK,CAAC;IACdE,IAAIA,UAAUA,CAAQA;IACtBA,UAAUA,GAAGA,IAAIA,CAACA,KAAKA,CAACA,CAACA,CAACA,aAAaA,CAACA,CAACA,GAAGA,CAACA,CAACA,CAACA,CAACA;IAChDA,IAAIA,EAAEA,CAAgBA;IACtBA,IAAIA,CAACA,CAASA;IACdA,EAAEA,GAAGA,IAAIA,aAAaA,CAACA,CAACA,CAACA;IACzBA,KAAKA,CAACA,GAAGA,CAACA,EAAEA,CAACA,GAAGA,UAAUA,CAACA,MAAMA,EAAEA,CAACA,EAAEA,CAAEA;QACpCA,IAAIA,UAAUA,CAAMA;QACpBA,UAAUA,GAAGA,UAAUA,CAACA,CAACA,CAACA,CAACA;QAC3BA,EAAEA,CAACA,KAAKA,CAACA,IAAIA,CAACA,IAAIA,WAAWA,CAACA,UAAUA,CAACA,EAAEA,EAAEA,UAAUA,CAACA,KAAKA,EAAEA,UAAUA,CAACA,OAAOA,EAAEA,UAAUA,CAACA,MAAMA,EAAEA,UAAUA,CAACA,IAAIA,CAACA,CAACA,CAACA;KAC3HA;IACDA,EAAEA,CAACA,aAAaA,CAACA,EAAEA,CAACA,CAACA;AACzBA,CAACA,CAAC,CAAC"
}
看完,我们继续探索。
5. 进入 typescript-list.ts
找到 typescript-list.ts 文件。
///<reference path="typings/jquery/jquery.d.ts" />
///<reference path="typings/knockout/knockout.d.ts" /> class TaskDetails {
id: KnockoutObservable<number>;
title: KnockoutObservable<string>;
details: KnockoutObservable<string>;
starts: KnockoutObservable<string>;
ends: KnockoutObservable<string>; constructor(id: number, title: string, details: string,
starts: string, ends: string) {
this.id = ko.observable(id);
this.title = ko.observable(title);
this.details = ko.observable(details);
this.starts = ko.observable(moment(starts).format("MMM DD, YYYY h:mm:ss a"));
this.ends = ko.observable(moment(ends).format("MMM DD, YYYY h:mm:ss a"));
}
} class TaskViewModel {
public tasks: KnockoutObservableArray<TaskDetails>;
constructor() {
this.tasks = ko.observableArray([]);
}
} $(document).ready(function () {
var serverData: any[];
serverData = JSON.parse($("#serverJSON").val());
var vm: TaskViewModel;
var i: number;
vm = new TaskViewModel();
for (i = 0; i < serverData.length; i++) {
var serverTask: any;
serverTask = serverData[i];
vm.tasks.push(new TaskDetails(serverTask.Id, serverTask.Title, serverTask.Details, serverTask.Starts, serverTask.Ends));
}
ko.applyBindings(vm);
});
请注意这 2 行代码:
///<reference path="typings/jquery/jquery.d.ts" />
///<reference path="typings/knockout/knockout.d.ts" />
这个可能是由 TypeScript 官方提供的组件。
可参看网址:
用近似静态语言、强类型语言的TypeScript开发属于动态语言、弱类型语言的JavaScript
代码下载:https://github.com/dotnetcurry/typescript-ko-mvc
谢谢浏览!
作者:音乐让我说(*的生活 - 博客园)
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