导出Oracle数据的指令：exp jds/jds@192.168.99.199/orcl file=C:\jds.dmp owner=jds

导入Oracle数据的指令：imp zcl/zcl@127.0.0.1:1521/orcl file=C:\jds.dmp full=y

--第1步：创建临时表空间

CREATE TEMPORARY TABLESPACE User_Temp TEMPFILE 'E:\OrclData\DataTemp\User_Temp.dbf' SIZE 50m AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 50m MAXSIZE 20480m EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL;

--第2步：创建表空间语句(创建表空间名称：User_Data;创建位置：E:\OrclData\DataSpace\User_Data.dbf 初始大小：50m;按50M大小自动增长，最大20480M)

CREATE TABLESPACE User_Data DATAFILE 'E:\OrclData\DataSpace\User_Data.dbf'SIZE 50m AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 50m MAXSIZE 20480m EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL;

--第3步：创建表空间内的用户(创建用户名和密码 用户名：zcl 密码：zcl;默认的表空间位置：User_Data)

CREATE USER zcl IDENTIFIED BY zcl DEFAULT TABLESPACE User_Data TEMPORARY TABLESPACE User_Temp;

--第4步：给用户授予权限(赋予用户zcl权限：连接权限，修改权限，最高权限)

GRANT CONNECT,RESOURCE,DBA TO zcl;

---单个执行语句---

--dba账户登录

sqlplus

请输入用户名：SysDba as sysdba

请输入口令：123456

--创建账号

create user zcl identified  by zcl;

--创建临时表空间

create temporary tablespace DATA_TEMP

tempfile 'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\DATA_TEMP.dbf'

size 32m

autoextend on

next 32m maxsize 2048m

extent management local;

--将临时表空间分配给用户

alter user zcl temporary tablespace zcl;

--创建表空间

create tablespace TECHRPT_DATA

logging

datafile 'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\TECHRPT_DATA.ora'

size 50m

autoextend on

next 50m maxsize 2048m

extent management local; 

--将表空间分配给用户

alter user zcl default tablespace zcl;

--授权

grant dba to zcl;

grant connect,resource to zcl;--提交

commit;

--退出

quit;

--删除用户

drop user zcl cascade;

--删除表空间

drop tablespace TECHRPT_DATA including contents and datafiles; 

--修改密码

alter user system identified by system;

--1、查看表空间的名称及大小

SELECT t.tablespace_name, round(SUM(bytes / (1024 * 1024)), 0) ts_size

FROM dba_tablespaces t, dba_data_files d

WHERE t.tablespace_name = d.tablespace_name

GROUP BY t.tablespace_name;

--2、查看表空间物理文件的名称及大小

SELECT tablespace_name,

file_id,

file_name,

round(bytes / (1024 * 1024), 0) total_space

FROM dba_data_files

ORDER BY tablespace_name;

--3、查看回滚段名称及大小

SELECT segment_name,

tablespace_name,

r.status,

(initial_extent / 1024) initialextent,

(next_extent / 1024) nextextent,

max_extents,

v.curext curextent

FROM dba_rollback_segs r, v$rollstat v

WHERE r.segment_id = v.usn(+)

ORDER BY segment_name;

--4、查看控制文件

SELECT NAME FROM v$controlfile;

--5、查看日志文件

SELECT MEMBER FROM v$logfile;

--6、查看表空间的使用情况

SELECT SUM(bytes) / (1024 * 1024) AS free_space, tablespace_name

FROM dba_free_space

GROUP BY tablespace_name;

SELECT a.tablespace_name,

a.bytes total,

b.bytes used,

c.bytes free,

(b.bytes * 100) / a.bytes "% USED ",

(c.bytes * 100) / a.bytes "% FREE "

FROM sys.sm$ts_avail a, sys.sm$ts_used b, sys.sm$ts_free c

WHERE a.tablespace_name = b.tablespace_name

AND a.tablespace_name = c.tablespace_name;

--7、查看数据库库对象

SELECT owner, object_type, status, COUNT(*) count#

FROM all_objects

GROUP BY owner, object_type, status;

--8、查看数据库的版本　

SELECT version

FROM product_component_version

WHERE substr(product, 1, 6) = 'Oracle';

--9、查看数据库的创建日期和归档方式

SELECT created, log_mode, log_mode FROM v$database;

--10、综合查询

--1G=1024MB

--1M=1024KB

--1K=1024Bytes

--1M=11048576Bytes

--1G=1024*11048576Bytes=11313741824Bytes

SELECT a.tablespace_name "表空间名",

total "表空间大小",

free "表空间剩余大小",

(total - free) "表空间使用大小",

total / (1024 * 1024 * 1024) "表空间大小(G)",

free / (1024 * 1024 * 1024) "表空间剩余大小(G)",

(total - free) / (1024 * 1024 * 1024) "表空间使用大小(G)",

round((total - free) / total, 4) * 100 "使用率 %"

FROM (SELECT tablespace_name, SUM(bytes) free

FROM dba_free_space

GROUP BY tablespace_name) a,

(SELECT tablespace_name, SUM(bytes) total

FROM dba_data_files

GROUP BY tablespace_name) b

WHERE a.tablespace_name = b.tablespace_name 

select username,default_tablespace from dba_users  where username='ZCL';