phpexcel如何读取excel的数据和如何导出数据到excel
一、总结
一句话总结:去官网看参考手册和api,或者找中文的博客或者参考手册
1、phpexcel插件如何下载?
其实这些插件不仅可以用composer下载,还可以直接从github上面下载,还可以直接从官网下载
前两者在一般情况下是差不多的,比如thinkphp,
前两者的区别是composer是有依赖管理,
github上面下载下来的肯定是能运行的,也算是有依赖管理
2、php中的插件从composer上面下面和从github上面下载的区别是什么?
两者在一般情况下是差不多的,比如thinkphp,
两者的区别是composer是有依赖管理,
github上面下载下来的肯定是能运行的,也算是有依赖管理
3、composer下载下来的插件应该直接放到thinkphp框架的哪里(composer应该在哪个文件夹下下载插件)?
直接是在项目的目录下面引入插件(在vendor的上一级目录下)
二、利用PHPExcel读取Excel的数据和导出数据到Excel
PHPExcel是一个PHP类库,用来帮助我们简单、高效实现从Excel读取Excel的数据和导出数据到Excel。也是我们日常开发中,经常会遇到的使用场景。比如有个客户信息表,要批量导出发给同事,我们就可以用PHPExcel来快速实现。同样,如果我们要利用短信群发接口去群发信息,PHPExcel可以快速导入客户信息,避免人工录入信息的麻烦。
PHPExcel使用教程:
首先下载PHPExcel
到https://github.com/PHPOffice/PHPExcel下载PHPExcel,如果不懂得使用git,可以到这https://codeload.github.com/PHPOffice/PHPExcel/zip/1.8下载压缩包,懂得的自行用git下载。
下载好文件,解压可以得到如下文件:
PHPExcel
好了,现在我们就可以用PHPExcel愉快的读取和制作表格了!
PHPExcel DEMO1:利用PHPExcel读取excel信息:
我们在根目录创建一个名为read.php的文件来读取文档,创建一个test.xlsx的文件,里面写的信息如下:
然后在read.php写以下代码:
include ‘./Classes/PHPExcel/IOFactory.php’;
$inputFileName = ‘./test.xls’;
date_default_timezone_set(‘PRC’);
// 读取excel文件
try {
$inputFileType = PHPExcel_IOFactory::identify($inputFileName);
$objReader = PHPExcel_IOFactory::createReader($inputFileType);
$objPHPExcel = $objReader->load($inputFileName);
} catch(Exception $e) {
die(‘加载文件发生错误:”‘.pathinfo($inputFileName,PATHINFO_BASENAME).'”: ‘.$e->getMessage());
}// 确定要读取的sheet,什么是sheet,看excel的右下角,真的不懂去百度吧
$sheet = $objPHPExcel->getSheet(0);
$highestRow = $sheet->getHighestRow();
$highestColumn = $sheet->getHighestColumn();// 获取一行的数据
for ($row = 1; $row <= $highestRow; $row++){
// Read a row of data into an array
$rowData = $sheet->rangeToArray(‘A’ . $row . ‘:’ . $highestColumn . $row, NULL, TRUE, FALSE);
//这里得到的rowData都是一行的数据,得到数据后自行处理,我们这里只打出来看看效果
var_dump($rowData);
echo “
”;}
得到的数据:
PHPexcel读取文件
PHPExcel DEMO2:利用PHPExcel导出信息到excel:
<?php /** Error reporting */
error_reporting(E_ALL);
ini_set('display_errors', TRUE);
ini_set('display_startup_errors', TRUE);
date_default_timezone_set('PRC'); /** 引入PHPExcel */
require_once dirname(__FILE__) . './Classes/PHPExcel.php'; // 创建Excel文件对象
$objPHPExcel = new PHPExcel();
// 设置文档信息,这个文档信息windows系统可以右键文件属性查看
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setCreator("作者简庆旺")
->setLastModifiedBy("最后更改者")
->setTitle("文档标题")
->setSubject("文档主题")
->setDescription("文档的描述信息")
->setKeywords("设置文档关键词")
->setCategory("设置文档的分类"); //根据excel坐标,添加数据
$objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0)
->setCellValue('A1', '你好')
->setCellValue('B2', '世界')
->setCellValue('C1', '你好')
->setCellValue('D2', '世界'); // 混杂各种符号, 编码为UTF-8
$objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0)
->setCellValue('A4', 'Miscellaneous glyphs')
->setCellValue('A5', 'éàèùâêîôûëïüÿäöüç'); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('A8',"你好世界");
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getRowDimension(8)->setRowHeight(-1);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A8')->getAlignment()->setWrapText(true); $value = "-ValueA\n-Value B\n-Value C";
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('A10', $value);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getRowDimension(10)->setRowHeight(-1);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A10')->getAlignment()->setWrapText(true);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A10')->setQuotePrefix(true); // 重命名工作sheet
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setTitle('第一个sheet'); // 设置第一个sheet为工作的sheet
$objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0); // 保存Excel 2007格式文件,保存路径为当前路径,名字为export.xlsx
$objWriter = PHPExcel_IOFactory::createWriter($objPHPExcel, 'Excel2007');
$objWriter->save( 'export.xlsx'); // 保存Excel 95格式文件,,保存路径为当前路径,
$objWriter = PHPExcel_IOFactory::createWriter($objPHPExcel, 'Excel5');
$objWriter->save('export.xls');
好了,执行后我们可以得到export.xls和export.xlsx。
参考:利用PHPExcel读取Excel的数据和导出数据到Excel - 简庆旺 - 博客园
https://www.cnblogs.com/jianqingwang/p/6830892.html
三、PhpExcel中文帮助手册|PhpExcel使用方法
下面是总结的几个使用方法
include 'PHPExcel.php';
include 'PHPExcel/Writer/Excel2007.php';
//或者include 'PHPExcel/Writer/Excel5.php'; 用于输出.xls的
创建一个excel
$objPHPExcel = new PHPExcel();
保存excel—2007格式
$objWriter = new PHPExcel_Writer_Excel2007($objPHPExcel);
//或者$objWriter = new PHPExcel_Writer_Excel5($objPHPExcel); 非2007格式
$objWriter->save("xxx.xlsx");
直接输出到浏览器
$objWriter = new PHPExcel_Writer_Excel5($objPHPExcel);
header("Pragma: public");
header("Expires: 0″);
header("Cache-Control:must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0″);
header("Content-Type:application/force-download");
header("Content-Type:application/vnd.ms-execl");
header("Content-Type:application/octet-stream");
header("Content-Type:application/download");;
header('Content-Disposition:attachment;filename="resume.xls"');
header("Content-Transfer-Encoding:binary");
$objWriter->save('php://output');
——————————————————————————————————————–
设置excel的属性:
创建人
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setCreator("Maarten Balliauw");
最后修改人
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setLastModifiedBy("Maarten Balliauw");
标题
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setTitle("Office 2007 XLSX Test Document");
题目
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setSubject("Office 2007 XLSX Test Document");
描述
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setDescription("Test document for Office 2007 XLSX, generated using PHP classes.");
关键字
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setKeywords("office 2007 openxml php");
种类
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setCategory("Test result file");
——————————————————————————————————————–
设置当前的sheet
$objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0);
设置sheet的name
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setTitle('Simple');
设置单元格的值
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('A1', 'String');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('A2', 12);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('A3', true);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('C5', '=SUM(C2:C4)');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('B8', '=MIN(B2:C5)');
合并单元格
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->mergeCells('A18:E22');
分离单元格
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->unmergeCells('A28:B28'); 保护cell
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getProtection()->setSheet(true); // Needs to be set to true in order to enable any worksheet protection!
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->protectCells('A3:E13', 'PHPExcel');
设置格式
// Set cell number formats
echo date('H:i:s') . " Set cell number formats\n";
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E4')->getNumberFormat()->setFormatCode(PHPExcel_Style_NumberFormat::FORMAT_CURRENCY_EUR_SIMPLE);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->duplicateStyle( $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E4'), 'E5:E13' );
设置宽width
// Set column widths
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getColumnDimension('B')->setAutoSize(true);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getColumnDimension('D')->setWidth(12);
设置font
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('B1')->getFont()->setName('Candara');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('B1')->getFont()->setSize(20);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('B1')->getFont()->setBold(true);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('B1')->getFont()->setUnderline(PHPExcel_Style_Font::UNDERLINE_SINGLE);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('B1')->getFont()->getColor()->setARGB(PHPExcel_Style_Color::COLOR_WHITE);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E1')->getFont()->getColor()->setARGB(PHPExcel_Style_Color::COLOR_WHITE);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('D13')->getFont()->setBold(true);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E13')->getFont()->setBold(true);
设置align
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('D11')->getAlignment()->setHorizontal(PHPExcel_Style_Alignment::HORIZONTAL_RIGHT);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('D12')->getAlignment()->setHorizontal(PHPExcel_Style_Alignment::HORIZONTAL_RIGHT);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('D13')->getAlignment()->setHorizontal(PHPExcel_Style_Alignment::HORIZONTAL_RIGHT);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A18')->getAlignment()->setHorizontal(PHPExcel_Style_Alignment::HORIZONTAL_JUSTIFY);
//垂直居中
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A18')->getAlignment()->setVertical(PHPExcel_Style_Alignment::VERTICAL_CENTER);
设置column的border
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A4')->getBorders()->getTop()->setBorderStyle(PHPExcel_Style_Border::BORDER_THIN);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('B4')->getBorders()->getTop()->setBorderStyle(PHPExcel_Style_Border::BORDER_THIN);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('C4')->getBorders()->getTop()->setBorderStyle(PHPExcel_Style_Border::BORDER_THIN);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('D4')->getBorders()->getTop()->setBorderStyle(PHPExcel_Style_Border::BORDER_THIN);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E4')->getBorders()->getTop()->setBorderStyle(PHPExcel_Style_Border::BORDER_THIN);
设置border的color
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('D13')->getBorders()->getLeft()->getColor()->setARGB('FF993300');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('D13')->getBorders()->getTop()->getColor()->setARGB('FF993300');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('D13')->getBorders()->getBottom()->getColor()->setARGB('FF993300');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E13')->getBorders()->getTop()->getColor()->setARGB('FF993300');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E13')->getBorders()->getBottom()->getColor()->setARGB('FF993300');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E13')->getBorders()->getRight()->getColor()->setARGB('FF993300');
设置填充颜色
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A1')->getFill()->setFillType(PHPExcel_Style_Fill::FILL_SOLID);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A1')->getFill()->getStartColor()->setARGB('FF808080');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('B1')->getFill()->setFillType(PHPExcel_Style_Fill::FILL_SOLID);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('B1')->getFill()->getStartColor()->setARGB('FF808080');
加图片
$objDrawing = new PHPExcel_Worksheet_Drawing();
$objDrawing->setName('Logo');
$objDrawing->setDescription('Logo');
$objDrawing->setPath('./images/officelogo.jpg');
$objDrawing->setHeight(36);
$objDrawing->setWorksheet($objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet());
$objDrawing = new PHPExcel_Worksheet_Drawing();
$objDrawing->setName('Paid');
$objDrawing->setDescription('Paid');
$objDrawing->setPath('./images/paid.png');
$objDrawing->setCoordinates('B15');
$objDrawing->setOffsetX(110);
$objDrawing->setRotation(25);
$objDrawing->getShadow()->setVisible(true);
$objDrawing->getShadow()->setDirection(45);
$objDrawing->setWorksheet($objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet());
//处理中文输出问题
需要将字符串转化为UTF-8编码,才能正常输出,否则中文字符将输出为空白,如下处理:
$str = iconv('gb2312', 'utf-8', $str);
或者你可以写一个函数专门处理中文字符串:
function convertUTF8($str)
{
if(empty($str)) return '';
return iconv('gb2312', 'utf-8', $str);
}
//从数据库输出数据处理方式
从数据库读取数据如:
$db = new Mysql($dbconfig);
$sql = "SELECT * FROM 表名";
$row = $db->GetAll($sql); // $row 为二维数组
$count = count($row);
for ($i = 2; $i <= $count+1; $i++) {
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('A' . $i, convertUTF8($row[$i-2][1]));
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('B' . $i, convertUTF8($row[$i-2][2]));
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('C' . $i, convertUTF8($row[$i-2][3]));
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('D' . $i, convertUTF8($row[$i-2][4]));
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('E' . $i, convertUTF8(date("Y-m-d", $row[$i-2][5])));
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('F' . $i, convertUTF8($row[$i-2][6]));
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('G' . $i, convertUTF8($row[$i-2][7]));
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('H' . $i, convertUTF8($row[$i-2][8]));
} 在默认sheet后,创建一个worksheet
echo date('H:i:s') . " Create new Worksheet object\n";
$objPHPExcel->createSheet();
$objWriter = PHPExcel_IOFactory::createWriter($objExcel, 'Excel5');
$objWriter-save('php://output');
参考:PhpExcel中文帮助手册|PhpExcel使用方法 - FreeSpider - 博客园
https://www.cnblogs.com/freespider/p/3284828.html