855. Exam Room

问题:

设计类:

给定N个座位。

入座:seat:给当前进入的考生,安排最远距离座位,返回座位号。

离开:leave(p):座位号为p的考生离开考场,该座位空出来。

Example 1:
Input: ["ExamRoom","seat","seat","seat","seat","leave","seat"], [[10],[],[],[],[],[4],[]]
Output: [null,0,9,4,2,null,5]
Explanation:
ExamRoom(10) -> null
seat() -> 0, no one is in the room, then the student sits at seat number 0.
seat() -> 9, the student sits at the last seat number 9.
seat() -> 4, the student sits at the last seat number 4.
seat() -> 2, the student sits at the last seat number 2.
leave(4) -> null
seat() -> 5, the student sits at the last seat number 5.
 

Note:
1 <= n <= 10^9
ExamRoom.seat() and ExamRoom.leave() will be called at most 10^4 times across all test cases.
Calls to ExamRoom.leave(p) are guaranteed to have a student currently sitting in seat number p.

  

解法:SystemDesign

动态添加元素,选择最大距离位置添加。

这种问题,本来使用已排序功能的数据结构set or map 都比较好。

但由于comparator的构造比较困难,涉及到业务变量N的参照,本次未使用该方法。

 

思路:

⚠️ 注意:两端的座位,与中间座位的距离判断不同。

  • 两端距离=
    • 位置0: 距离第一个位置的距离:L[0]
    • 位置N-1(末尾位置):距离最后一个位置的距离:N-1-L[last]
  • 中间座位距离maxdis=
    • (L[i]-L[i-1])/2
      • 若取该中间位置,则新pos=
      • (L[i-1]+maxdis) 或者 (L[i]+L[i-1])/2

 

逻辑:

  • 入座:
    • 寻找所有座位L之间的最大距离maxdis
    • 再遍历找到最大距离者,进行入座。
  • 离开:
    • 找到所有座位L中==p的位置,删除。

 

 

代码参考:

 1 class ExamRoom {
 2 private:
 3     int N;
 4     vector<int> L;
 5 public:    
 6     ExamRoom(int n) {
 7         N=n;
 8     }
 9     
10     int seat() {
11         if(L.empty()) {
12             L.push_back(0);
13             return 0;
14         }
15         int maxdis = max(L[0], N-1-L[L.size()-1]);//get two bound distance.
16         //find maxdis
17         for(int i=1; i<L.size(); i++) maxdis = max(maxdis, (L[i]-L[i-1])/2);
18         
19         //insert p at maxdis
20         //test pos:0
21         if(maxdis==L[0]) {
22             L.insert(L.begin(), 0);
23             return 0;
24         }
25         //test middle pos
26         for(int i=1; i<L.size(); i++) {
27             if((L[i]-L[i-1])/2 == maxdis) {
28                 L.insert(L.begin()+i, L[i-1]+maxdis);
29                 return L[i];
30             }
31         }
32         //test pos:N-1
33         L.push_back(N-1);
34         return N-1;
35     }
36     
37     void leave(int p) {
38         for(int i=0; i<L.size(); i++) {
39             if(L[i] == p) L.erase(L.begin()+i);
40         }
41     }
42 };
43 
44 /**
45  * Your ExamRoom object will be instantiated and called as such:
46  * ExamRoom* obj = new ExamRoom(n);
47  * int param_1 = obj->seat();
48  * obj->leave(p);
49  */

 

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