spring+spring mvc+JdbcTemplate 入门小例子

2022-06-04 12:14:10

大家使用这个入门时候最好能够去搜一下 spring mvc 的原理，我放一张图到这里，自己琢磨下，后面去学习就容易了

给个链接 (网上一把，千万不能懒) https://www.cnblogs.com/chuiyuan/p/5301216.html

步骤：

1.发起请求到前端控制器(DispatcherServlet)

2.前端控制器请求处理器映射器(HandlerMapping)查找Handler(可根据xml配置、注解进行查找)

3.处理器映射器(HandlerMapping)向前端控制器返回Handler

4.前端控制器调用处理器适配器(HandlerAdapter)执行Handler

5.处理器适配器(HandlerAdapter)去执行Handler

6.Handler执行完，给适配器返回ModelAndView(Springmvc框架的一个底层对象)

7.处理器适配器(HandlerAdapter)向前端控制器返回ModelAndView

8.前端控制器(DispatcherServlet)请求视图解析器(ViewResolver)进行视图解析，根据逻辑视图名解析成真正的视图(jsp)

9.视图解析器(ViewResolver)向前端控制器(DispatcherServlet)返回View

10.前端控制器进行视图渲染，即将模型数据(在ModelAndView对象中)填充到request域

11.前端控制器向用户响应结果

原理图解释

废话不多说，下面直接开撸！ talk is cheap! show me the code!

DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS sampledb;

CREATE DATABASE sampledb DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8;

USE sampledb;

##创建用户表

CREATE TABLE t_user (

   user_id   INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,

   user_name VARCHAR(30),

   password  VARCHAR(32),

   credits INT,

   last_visit datetime,

   last_ip  VARCHAR(23)

)ENGINE=InnoDB; 

##创建用户登录日志表

CREATE TABLE t_login_log (

   login_log_id  INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,

   user_id   INT,

   ip  VARCHAR(23),

   login_datetime datetime

)ENGINE=InnoDB; 

##插入初始化数据

INSERT INTO t_user (user_name,password)

             VALUES('admin','123456');

COMMIT;

mysql脚本

1、配置 pom.xml 添加项目需要的依赖包等。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.ghc</groupId>

  <artifactId>smart</artifactId>

  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <name>smart Maven Webapp</name>

  <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->

  <url>http://www.example.com</url>

  <properties>

    <file.encoding>UTF-8</file.encoding>

    <spring.version>4.2.2.RELEASE</spring.version>

    <mysql.version>5.1.29</mysql.version>

    <servlet.version>3.0-alpha-1</servlet.version>

    <aspectj.version>1.8.1</aspectj.version>

    <commons-codec.version>1.9</commons-codec.version>

    <commons-dbcp.version>1.4</commons-dbcp.version>

    <hibernate.validator.version>5.0.2.Final</hibernate.validator.version>

    <jetty.version>8.1.8.v20121106</jetty.version>

    <slf4j.version>1.7.5</slf4j.version>

    <testng.version>6.8.7</testng.version>

    <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>

    <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>

  </properties>

  <dependencies>

    <dependency>

      <groupId>junit</groupId>

      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>

      <version>4.11</version>

      <scope>test</scope>

    </dependency>

    <!-- spring 依赖-->

    <dependency>

      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

      <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>

      <version>${spring.version}</version>

    </dependency>

    <dependency>

      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>

      <version>${spring.version}</version>

    </dependency>

    <dependency>

      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

      <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>

      <version>${spring.version}</version>

    </dependency>

    <dependency>

      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

      <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>

      <version>${spring.version}</version>

    </dependency>

    <dependency>

      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>

      <version>${spring.version}</version>

    </dependency>

    <dependency>

      <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>

      <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>

      <version>${commons-dbcp.version}</version>

    </dependency>

    <dependency>

      <groupId>mysql</groupId>

      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>

      <version>${mysql.version}</version>

    </dependency>

    <dependency>

      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>

      <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>

      <version>${servlet.version}</version>

      <scope>provided</scope>

    </dependency>

    <dependency>

      <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>

      <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>

      <version>${aspectj.version}</version>

    </dependency>

    <dependency>

      <groupId>org.testng</groupId>

      <artifactId>testng</artifactId>

      <version>${testng.version}</version>

      <scope>test</scope>

    </dependency>

    <dependency>

      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>

      <version>${spring.version}</version>

      <scope>test</scope>

    </dependency>

    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/jstl/jstl -->

    <dependency>

      <groupId>jstl</groupId>

      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>

      <version>1.1.2</version>

    </dependency>

  </dependencies>

  <build>

    <plugins>

      <!-- jetty插件 -->

      <plugin>

        <groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId>

        <artifactId>maven-jetty-plugin</artifactId>

        <version>6.1.25</version>

        <configuration>

          <connectors>

            <connector implementation="org.mortbay.jetty.nio.SelectChannelConnector">

              <port>8000</port>

              <maxIdleTime>60000</maxIdleTime>

            </connector>

          </connectors>

          <contextPath>/bbs</contextPath>

          <scanIntervalSeconds>0</scanIntervalSeconds>

        </configuration>

      </plugin>

      <plugin>

        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>

        <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>

        <version>2.17</version>

        <configuration>

          <parallel>methods</parallel>

          <threadCount>10</threadCount>

        </configuration>

      </plugin>

    </plugins>

  </build>

</project>

pom.xml

2、配置 web.xml 主要是配置 spring 容器(spring-context.xml)的配置信息以及 spring mvc 核心前端控制器 DispatcherServlet 的信息

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC

 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"

 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>

  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

  <!--添加 spring 容器监听器-->

  <context-param>

    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

    <param-value>classpath:/spring-context.xml</param-value>

  </context-param>

  <listener>

    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>

  </listener>

  <!--添加springmvc前端控制器或者说*控制器-->

  <servlet>

    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>

    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

    <init-param>

      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

      <param-value>classpath:/springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>

    </init-param>

    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>

  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>

    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>

    <url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>

  </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

web.xml

3、配置 spring-context.xml ，配置 spring 容器 (基石)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"

       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd

       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd

       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx

       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd

       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop

       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd">

    <!-- 扫描类包，将标注Spring注解的类自动转化Bean，同时完成Bean的注入 -->

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.ghc.dao"/>

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.ghc.service"/>

    <!-- 配置数据源 -->

    <bean id="dataSource"

          class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"

          destroy-method="close"

          p:driverClassName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"

          p:url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/sampledb"

          p:username="root"

          p:password="Mede645"

    />

    <!-- 配置Jdbc模板  -->

    <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"

          p:dataSource-ref="dataSource" />

    <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->

    <bean id="transactionManager"

          class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"

          p:dataSource-ref="dataSource" />

    <!-- 通过AOP配置提供事务增强，让service包下所有Bean的所有方法拥有事务 -->

    <aop:config proxy-target-class="true">

        <aop:pointcut id="serviceMethod"

                      expression="(execution(* com.ghc.service..*(..))) and (@annotation(org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional))" />

        <aop:advisor pointcut-ref="serviceMethod" advice-ref="txAdvice" />

    </aop:config>

    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">

        <tx:attributes>

            <tx:method name="*" />

        </tx:attributes>

    </tx:advice>

</beans>

spring-context.xml

4、配置 springmvc-Servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"

       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd

       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">

    <!--配置组件扫描 应用 sprnig 注解-->

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.ghc.web"/>

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"

          p:viewClass="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"

          p:prefix="/WEB-INF/jsp/"

          p:suffix=".jsp"

    />

</beans>

springmvc.xml

5、mvc 各层代码由于我认为的 controller 层在于 DispatcherServlet(转发控制器) 就已经完成了，所以后面不会单独说 controller，后端controller 实际上是 handler

model 层

domain 对象：com.ghc.domain 包下

具体代码 User：

package com.ghc.domain;

import java.io.Serializable;

import java.util.Date;

public class User implements Serializable {

    private int userId;

    private String userName;

    private int credits;

    private String password;

    private Date lastVisit;

    private String lastIp;

    public int getUserId() {

        return userId;

    }

    public void setUserId(int userId) {

        this.userId = userId;

    }

    public String getUserName() {

        return userName;

    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {

        this.userName = userName;

    }

    public int getCredits() {

        return credits;

    }

    public void setCredits(int credits) {

        this.credits = credits;

    }

    public String getPassword() {

        return password;

    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {

        this.password = password;

    }

    public Date getLastVisit() {

        return lastVisit;

    }

    public void setLastVisit(Date lastVisit) {

        this.lastVisit = lastVisit;

    }

    public String getLastIp() {

        return lastIp;

    }

    public void setLastIp(String lastIp) {

        this.lastIp = lastIp;

    }

}

com.ghc.domain.User

package com.ghc.domain;

import java.io.Serializable;

import java.util.Date;

public class LoginLog implements Serializable {

    private int loginLogId;

    private int userId;

    private String ip;

    private Date loginDate;

    public int getLoginLogId() {

        return loginLogId;

    }

    public void setLoginLogId(int loginLogId) {

        this.loginLogId = loginLogId;

    }

    public int getUserId() {

        return userId;

    }

    public void setUserId(int userId) {

        this.userId = userId;

    }

    public String getIp() {

        return ip;

    }

    public void setIp(String ip) {

        this.ip = ip;

    }

    public Date getLoginDate() {

        return loginDate;

    }

    public void setLoginDate(Date loginDate) {

        this.loginDate = loginDate;

    }

}

com.ghc.domain.LoginLog

model 的 dao 层：

package com.ghc.dao;

import com.ghc.domain.User;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowCallbackHandler;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.sql.ResultSet;

import java.sql.SQLException;

@Repository

public class UserDao {

    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    @Autowired

    public void setJdbcTemplate(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate){

        this.jdbcTemplate=jdbcTemplate;

    }

    public final String MATCH_COUNT_SQL=" SELECT COUNT(*) FROM t_user  WHERE  user_name=? and password=? ";

    public int hasMatchCount(String userName,String password){

        return jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(MATCH_COUNT_SQL,new Object[]{userName,password},Integer.class);

    }

    public final String UPDATE_LOG_SQL = " UPDATE t_user SET credits =?,last_visit=? ,last_ip=?  ";

    public void updateLogInfo(User user){

        jdbcTemplate.update(UPDATE_LOG_SQL,new Object[]{user.getCredits(),user.getLastVisit(),user.getLastIp()});

    }

    public User findUserByName(final String userName){

        final User user = new User();

        final String FIND_USER_SQL = " SELECT user_name,credits "

                + " FROM t_user WHERE user_name =? ";

        jdbcTemplate.query(FIND_USER_SQL, new Object[]{userName},new RowCallbackHandler() {

            @Override

            public void processRow(ResultSet rs) throws SQLException {

                user.setUserName(rs.getString("user_name"));

                user.setCredits(rs.getInt("credits"));

            }

        });

        return user;

    }

}

com.ghc.dao.UserDao

package com.ghc.dao;

import com.ghc.domain.LoginLog;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

@Repository

public class LoginLogDao {

    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    @Autowired

    public void setJdbcTemplate(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate){

        this.jdbcTemplate=jdbcTemplate;

    }

    public final String UPDATE_LOG_SQL = " INSERT INTO t_login_log (user_id,ip,login_datetime) VALUES (?,?,?)";

    public void updateLog(LoginLog loginLog){

        jdbcTemplate.update(UPDATE_LOG_SQL,new Object[]{loginLog.getUserId(),loginLog.getIp(),loginLog.getLoginDate()});

    }

}

com.ghc.dao.LoginLogDao

model 的 service 层：

package com.ghc.service;

import com.ghc.dao.LoginLogDao;

import com.ghc.dao.UserDao;

import com.ghc.domain.LoginLog;

import com.ghc.domain.User;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

@Service

public class UserService {

    private UserDao userDao;

    private LoginLogDao loginLogDao;

    @Autowired

    public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao){

        this.userDao =userDao;

    }

    @Autowired

    public void setLoginLogDao(LoginLogDao loginLogDao){

        this.loginLogDao =loginLogDao;

    }

    public int hasMatchCount(String userName,String password){

        return userDao.hasMatchCount(userName,password);

    }

    public User findUserByName(String userName){

        return userDao.findUserByName(userName);

    }

    @Transactional

    public void loginSuccess(User user){

        //一旦登录成功则积分+5

        user.setCredits(user.getCredits()+5);;

        //并且保留日志记录

        LoginLog loginLog = new LoginLog();

        loginLog.setUserId(user.getUserId());

        loginLog.setIp(user.getLastIp());

        loginLog.setLoginDate(user.getLastVisit());

        userDao.updateLogInfo(user);

        loginLogDao.updateLog(loginLog);

    }

}

com.ghc.service.UserService

view web 层：

package com.ghc.web;

public class LoginCommand {

    private String userName;

    private String password;

    public String getUserName() {

        return userName;

    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {

        this.userName = userName;

    }

    public String getPassword() {

        return password;

    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {

        this.password = password;

    }

}

LoginCommand

package com.ghc.web;

import com.ghc.domain.User;

import com.ghc.service.UserService;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import java.util.Date;

@RestController

public class LoginController {

    private UserService userService;

    @Autowired

    public void setUserService(UserService userService){

        this.userService = userService;

    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/index.html")

    public String login(){

        return "login";

    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/loginCheck.html")

    public ModelAndView loginCheck(HttpServletRequest request, LoginCommand loginCommand){

        boolean isValid = userService.hasMatchCount(loginCommand.getUserName(),loginCommand.getPassword()) > 0;

        if(!isValid){

            return new ModelAndView("login", "error", "用户名或密码错误。");

        }

        else {

            User user = userService.findUserByName(loginCommand.getUserName());

            user.setLastIp(request.getLocalAddr());

            user.setLastVisit(new Date());

            System.out.println("local addr: "+request.getLocalAddr());

            //修改日志那些

            userService.loginSuccess(user);

            request.getSession().setAttribute("user",user);

            return new ModelAndView("main");

        }

    }

}

LoginController

配合上面 controller 返回 model and view 的 jsp 页面配置在 /WEB-INF/jsp/下, 这个前缀，后缀都是配置在 springmvc-servlet 中的，为了方便比照，我也放一张图

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"

    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>

<html>

    <head>

        <title>小春论坛登录</title>

    </head>

    <body>

        <c:if test="${!empty error}">

            <font color="red"><c:out value="${error}" /></font>

        </c:if>

        <form action="<c:url value="loginCheck.html"/>" method="post">

            用户名：

            <input type="text" name="userName">

            <br>

            密 码：

            <input type="password" name="password">

            <br>

            <input type="submit" value="登录" />

            <input type="reset" value="重置" />

        </form>

    </body>

</html>

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"

    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html>

<head>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">

<title>小春论坛</title>

</head>

<body>

    ${user.userName},欢迎您进入小春论坛，您当前积分为${user.credits};

</body>

</html>

main.jsp

至此， spring + spring mvc + jdbcTemplate 一个简单的登录验证小模块就手动撸完啦！启动 maven project 管理栏，找到如图所示的 jetty 插件就可以跑一个小 demo 啦

打开浏览器手动敲入应用的 url 地址：

http://localhost:8000/bbs/index.html 就会访问到登录页面了，解释下这里的 bbs 是在 pom.xml 中对于 jetty 插件手动指定的 contexpath，而 index.html 是 LoginController 中的 @RequestMapping 映射指定的 index 传入视图解析器(springmvc-servlet.xml 中配置的上面有图), 然后定位到 /WEB-INF/jsp/index.jsp 这时候就会发现整个项目串起来了！还是要多做！

如果想让局域网内的其他人员访问的话，可以吧 localhost 替换为 192.168.0.xxx 这种 ip 地址，如果告知不能访问，请自行百度或谷歌关闭防火墙

输入mysql 数据库中定义好的 t_user 用户表里的用户名，密码既可以完成登录，这里我不知道为啥， taglib 没有解析出 request --》 session -》中携带过来的 uer 对象

所以，你会看到 $ 这种怪异的玩意儿，懒得去理了，网上说差 jstl 的包，但是我添加到pom 里还是不行，还是以后再来理会吧！

码农公寓

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