spring mvc 快速入门

---------- 转自尚学堂 高淇 ---------

Spring  MVC 背景介绍

Spring 框架提供了构建 Web 应用程序的全功能 MVC 模块。使用 Spring 可插入的 MVC 架构,可以选择是使用内置的 Spring Web 框架还是 Struts 这样的 Web 框架。通过策略接口,Spring 框架是高度可配置的,而且包含多种视图技术,例如 JavaServer Pages(JSP)技术、Velocity、Tiles、iText 和 POI。Spring MVC 框架并不知道使用的视图,所以不会强迫您只使用 JSP 技术。Spring MVC 分离了控制器、模型对象、分派器以及处理程序对象的角色,这种分离让它们更容易进行定制。

常见MVC框架比较

运行性能上:

Jsp+servlet>struts1>spring mvc>struts2+freemarker>>struts2,ognl,值栈。

开发效率上,基本正好相反。值得强调的是,spring mvc开发效率和struts2不相上下。

Struts2的性能低的原因是因为OGNL和值栈造成的。所以,如果你的系统并发量高,可以使用freemaker进行显示,而不是采用OGNL和值栈。这样,在性能上会有相当大得提高。

基于spring2.5的采用XML配置的spring MVC项目

注:本项目全部基于XML配置。同时,集成了hibernate。采用的是:spring MVC+hibernate+spring的开发架构。

  1. 建立web项目
  2. 导入jar包(spring.jar, spring-webmvc.jar, commons-logging.jar。其他jar包为hibernate相关jar包)
  1. 修改web.xml如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app version="2.5"

xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee

    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">>

<servlet>

<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>

<servlet-class>

org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet

</servlet-class>

<init-param>

<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

<param-value>/WEB-INF/hib-config.xml,/WEB-INF/web-config.xml,/WEB-INF/service-config.xml,/WEB-INF/dao-config.xml</param-value>

</init-param>

<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>

</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

  1. 增加web-config.xml(这里包含spring mvc相关的相关配置)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">

<!-- Controller方法调用规则定义 -->

<bean id="paraMethodResolver"

class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.multiaction.ParameterMethodNameResolver">

<property name="paramName" value="action"/>

<property name="defaultMethodName" value="list"/>

</bean>

<!-- 页面View层基本信息设定 -->

<bean id="viewResolver"

class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">

<property name="viewClass"

value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>

<!--<property name="prefix" value="/myjsp/"/>-->

<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>

</bean>

<!-- servlet映射列表,所有控制层Controller的servlet在这里定义 -->

<bean id="urlMapping"

class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">

<property name="mappings">

<props>

<prop key="user.do">userController</prop>

</props>

</property>

</bean>

<bean id="userController" class="com.sxt.action.UserController">

<property name="userService" ref="userService"></property>

</bean>

</beans>

  1. 在WEB-INF下增加service-config.xml(这里包含service层类的相关配置)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">

<bean id="userService" class="com.sxt.service.UserService">

<property name="userDao" ref="userDao"></property>

</bean>

</beans>

  1. 在WEB-INF下增加hib-config.xml(这里包含spring集成hibernate相关的配置)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

xsi:schemaLocation="

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx

http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop

http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd

  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  

   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd

">

<context:component-scan  base-package="com.sxt"/>

<!-- 支持aop注解 -->

<aop:aspectj-autoproxy />

<bean id="dataSource"

class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">

<property name="driverClassName"

value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver">

</property>

<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/myhib"></property>

<property name="username" value="root"></property>

<property name="password" value="123456"></property>

</bean>

<bean id="sessionFactory"

class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean">

<property name="dataSource">

<ref bean="dataSource" />

</property>

<property name="hibernateProperties">

<props>

<!-- key的名字前面都要加hibernate. -->

<prop key="hibernate.dialect">

org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect

</prop>

<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>

<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>

</props>

</property>

<property name="packagesToScan">

<value>com.sxt.po</value>

</property>

</bean>

<bean id="hibernateTemplate" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate" >

<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>

</bean>

<!--配置一个JdbcTemplate实例-->

<bean id="jdbcTemplate"  class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">

<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>

</bean>

<!-- 配置事务管理 -->

<bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >

<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>

</bean>

<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager" />

<aop:config>

<aop:pointcut expression="execution(public * com.sxt.service.impl.*.*(..))" id="businessService"/>

<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="businessService" />

</aop:config>

<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager" >

<tx:attributes>

<tx:method name="find*"  read-only="true" propagation="NOT_SUPPORTED"  />

<!-- get开头的方法不需要在事务中运行 。

有些情况是没有必要使用事务的,比如获取数据。开启事务本身对性能是有一定的影响的-->

<tx:method name="*"/>    <!-- 其他方法在实务中运行 -->

</tx:attributes>

</tx:advice>

</beans>

  1. 在WEB-INF下增加dao-config.xml(这里包含dao层类的相关配置)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">

<bean id="userDao" class="com.sxt.dao.UserDao">

<property name="hibernateTemplate" ref="hibernateTemplate"></property>

</bean>

</beans>

  1. 建立相关类和包结构,如下图所示:
  1. 各类代码如下:

package com.sxt.po;

import javax.persistence.Entity;

import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;

import javax.persistence.GenerationType;

import javax.persistence.Id;

@Entity

public class User {

@Id

@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)

private int id;

private String uname;

public int getId() {

return id;

}

public void setId(int id) {

this.id = id;

}

public String getUname() {

return uname;

}

public void setUname(String uname) {

this.uname = uname;

}

}

package com.sxt.dao;

import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate;

import com.sxt.po.User;

public class UserDao {

private HibernateTemplate hibernateTemplate;

public void add(User u){

System.out.println("UserDao.add()");

hibernateTemplate.save(u);

}

public HibernateTemplate getHibernateTemplate() {

return hibernateTemplate;

}

public void setHibernateTemplate(HibernateTemplate hibernateTemplate) {

this.hibernateTemplate = hibernateTemplate;

}

}

package com.sxt.service;

import com.sxt.dao.UserDao;

import com.sxt.po.User;

public class UserService {

private UserDao userDao;

public void add(String uname){

System.out.println("UserService.add()");

User u = new User();

u.setUname(uname);

userDao.add(u);

}

public UserDao getUserDao() {

return userDao;

}

public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao) {

this.userDao = userDao;

}

}

package com.sxt.action;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;

import com.sxt.service.UserService;

public class UserController implements Controller {

private UserService userService;

@Override

public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest req,

HttpServletResponse resp) throws Exception {

System.out.println("HelloController.handleRequest()");

req.setAttribute("a", "aaaa");

userService.add(req.getParameter("uname"));

return new ModelAndView("index");

}

public UserService getUserService() {

return userService;

}

public void setUserService(UserService userService) {

this.userService = userService;

}

}

  1. 运行测试:

http://locahost:8080/springmvc01/user.do?uname=zhangsan

结果:数据库中增加zhangsan的记录。页面跳转到index.jsp上,显示:

基于spring2.5注解实现的spring MVC项目

我们采用sprng MVC开发项目时,通常都会采用注解的方式,这样可以大大提高我们的开发效率。实现零配置。下面我们从零开始重新做一个spring MVC的配置。这个项目完全采用注解的方式开发。同时,我们以后的spring MVC项目也都会采用注解的方式。

  1. 建立web项目
  2. 导入jar包(spring.jar, spring-webmvc.jar, commons-logging.jar。其他jar包为hibernate相关jar包)
  1. 修改web.xml,文件内容如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app version="2.5"

xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee

    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">

<servlet>

<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>

<servlet-class>

org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet

</servlet-class>

<init-param>

<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

<param-value>/WEB-INF/hib-config.xml,/WEB-INF/springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>

</init-param>

<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>

</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

  1. springmvc-servlet.xml配置内容如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans

xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"

xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd">

<!-- 对web包中的所有类进行扫描,以完成Bean创建和自动依赖注入的功能 -->

<context:component-scan base-package="com.sxt"/>

<!-- 启动Spring MVC的注解功能,完成请求和注解POJO的映射 -->

<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter"/>

<!--对模型视图名称的解析,即在模型视图名称添加前后缀 -->

<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"

p:suffix=".jsp"/>

</beans>

  1. hib-config.xml(配置了spring集成hibernate)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

xsi:schemaLocation="

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx

http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop

http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd

  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  

   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd

">

<context:component-scan  base-package="com.sxt"/>

<!-- 支持aop注解 -->

<aop:aspectj-autoproxy />

<bean id="dataSource"

class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">

<property name="driverClassName"

value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver">

</property>

<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/myhib"></property>

<property name="username" value="root"></property>

<property name="password" value="123456"></property>

</bean>

<bean id="sessionFactory"

class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean">

<property name="dataSource">

<ref bean="dataSource" />

</property>

<property name="hibernateProperties">

<props>

<!-- key的名字前面都要加hibernate. -->

<prop key="hibernate.dialect">

org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect

</prop>

<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>

<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>

</props>

</property>

<property name="packagesToScan">

<value>com.sxt.po</value>

</property>

</bean>

<bean id="hibernateTemplate" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate" >

<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>

</bean>

<!--配置一个JdbcTemplate实例-->

<bean id="jdbcTemplate"  class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">

<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>

</bean>

<!-- 配置事务管理 -->

<bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >

<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>

</bean>

<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager" />

<aop:config>

<aop:pointcut expression="execution(public * com.sxt.service.impl.*.*(..))" id="businessService"/>

<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="businessService" />

</aop:config>

<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager" >

<tx:attributes>

<tx:method name="find*"  read-only="true" propagation="NOT_SUPPORTED"  />

<!-- get开头的方法不需要在事务中运行 。

有些情况是没有必要使用事务的,比如获取数据。开启事务本身对性能是有一定的影响的-->

<tx:method name="*"/>    <!-- 其他方法在实务中运行 -->

</tx:attributes>

</tx:advice>

</beans>

  1. WEB-INF下建立jsp文件夹,并且将index.jsp放入该文件夹下。Index.jsp的内容如下:

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="gbk"%>

<%

String path = request.getContextPath();

String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";

%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html>

<head>

<base href="<%=basePath%>">

<title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>

<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">

<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">

<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">

<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">

<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">

<!--

<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">

-->

</head>

<body>

<h1>**********${params.uname}</h1>

<h1>**********${requestScope.u}</h1>

<h1>**********${requestScope.user}</h1>

</body>

</html>

  1. 建立整个项目的包结构和相关类。如下图所示:
  1. User、UserDao、UserService、UserController类的代码如下:

package com.sxt.po;

import javax.persistence.Entity;

import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;

import javax.persistence.GenerationType;

import javax.persistence.Id;

@Entity

public class User {

@Id

@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)

private int id;

private String uname;

private String pwd;

public String getPwd() {

return pwd;

}

public void setPwd(String pwd) {

this.pwd = pwd;

}

public int getId() {

return id;

}

public void setId(int id) {

this.id = id;

}

public String getUname() {

return uname;

}

public void setUname(String uname) {

this.uname = uname;

}

}

package com.sxt.dao;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.sxt.po.User;

@Repository("userDao")

public class UserDao {

@Resource

private HibernateTemplate hibernateTemplate;

public void add(User u){

System.out.println("UserDao.add()");

hibernateTemplate.save(u);

}

public HibernateTemplate getHibernateTemplate() {

return hibernateTemplate;

}

public void setHibernateTemplate(HibernateTemplate hibernateTemplate) {

this.hibernateTemplate = hibernateTemplate;

}

}

package com.sxt.service;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.sxt.dao.UserDao;

import com.sxt.po.User;

@Service("userService")

public class UserService {

@Resource

private UserDao userDao;

public void add(String uname){

System.out.println("UserService.add()");

User u = new User();

u.setUname(uname);

userDao.add(u);

}

public UserDao getUserDao() {

return userDao;

}

public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao) {

this.userDao = userDao;

}

}

package com.sxt.web;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.SessionAttributes;

import com.sxt.po.User;

import com.sxt.service.UserService;

@Controller("userController")

@RequestMapping("/user.do")

public class UserController  {

@Resource

private UserService userService;

@RequestMapping(params="method=reg")

public String reg(String uname) {

System.out.println("HelloController.handleRequest()");

userService.add(uname);

return "index";

}

public UserService getUserService() {

return userService;

}

public void setUserService(UserService userService) {

this.userService = userService;

}

}

  1. 运行测试:

http://pc-201110291327:8080/springmvc02/user.do?method=reg&uname=gaoqi

则会调用userController的reg方法,从而将数据内容插入到数据库中。

基于spring 3.0项目开发实例

spring3.0完全兼容spring2.5.因此,我们只要简单修改上面项目的类库和配置文件。类的代码保持不变。

  1. 导入相关jar包,如下:
  1. spring配置文件springmvc-servlet.xml修改如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"

xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"

xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd   

            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd   

            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd   

            http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd">

<!-- 对web包中的所有类进行扫描,以完成Bean创建和自动依赖注入的功能 -->

<context:component-scan base-package="com.sxt.web"/>

<mvc:annotation-driven />  <!-- 支持spring3.0新的mvc注解 -->

<!-- 启动Spring MVC的注解功能,完成请求和注解POJO的映射 -->

<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter"/>

<!--对模型视图名称的解析,即在模型视图名称添加前后缀 -->

<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"

p:prefix="/WEB-INF/jsp/" p:suffix=".jsp">

<!-- 如果使用jstl的话,配置下面的属性 -->

<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />

</bean>

</beans>

  1. spring配置文件hib-config.xml内容修改如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

xsi:schemaLocation="

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx

http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop

http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd

  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  

   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd

">

<context:component-scan  base-package="com.sxt"/>

<!-- 支持aop注解 -->

<aop:aspectj-autoproxy />

<bean id="dataSource"

class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">

<property name="driverClassName"

value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver">

</property>

<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/myhib"></property>

<property name="username" value="root"></property>

<property name="password" value="123456"></property>

</bean>

<bean id="sessionFactory"

class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean">

<property name="dataSource">

<ref bean="dataSource" />

</property>

<property name="hibernateProperties">

<props>

<!-- key的名字前面都要加hibernate. -->

<prop key="hibernate.dialect">

org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect

</prop>

<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>

<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>

</props>

</property>

<property name="packagesToScan">

<value>com.sxt.po</value>

</property>

</bean>

<bean id="hibernateTemplate" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate" >

<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>

</bean>

<!--配置一个JdbcTemplate实例-->

<bean id="jdbcTemplate"  class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">

<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>

</bean>

<!-- 配置事务管理 -->

<bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >

<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>

</bean>

<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager" />

<aop:config>

<aop:pointcut expression="execution(public * com.sxt.service.impl.*.*(..))" id="businessService"/>

<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="businessService" />

</aop:config>

<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager" >

<tx:attributes>

<tx:method name="find*"  read-only="true" propagation="NOT_SUPPORTED"  />

<!-- get开头的方法不需要在事务中运行 。

有些情况是没有必要使用事务的,比如获取数据。开启事务本身对性能是有一定的影响的-->

<tx:method name="*"/>    <!-- 其他方法在实务中运行 -->

</tx:attributes>

</tx:advice>

</beans>

  1. web.xml文件不变
  2. 类的代码不变。
  3. 运行,测试。跟上一个项目保持一致。

Spring MVC 3.0 深入

核心原理

  1. 用户发送请求给服务器。url:user.do
  2. 服务器收到请求。发现DispatchServlet可以处理。于是调用DispatchServlet。
  3. DispatchServlet内部,通过HandleMapping检查这个url有没有对应的Controller。如果有,则调用Controller。
  4. Controller开始执行。
  5. Controller执行完毕后,如果返回字符串,则ViewResolver将字符串转化成相应的视图对象;如果返回ModelAndView对象,该对象本身就包含了视图对象信息。
  6. DispatchServlet将执视图对象中的数据,输出给服务器。
  7. 服务器将数据输出给客户端。

spring3.0中相关jar包的含义

org.springframework.aop-3.0.3.RELEASE.jar

spring的aop面向切面编程

org.springframework.asm-3.0.3.RELEASE.jar

spring独立的asm字节码生成程序

org.springframework.beans-3.0.3.RELEASE.jar

IOC的基础实现

org.springframework.context-3.0.3.RELEASE.jar

IOC基础上的扩展服务

org.springframework.core-3.0.3.RELEASE.jar

spring的核心包

org.springframework.expression-3.0.3.RELEASE.jar

spring的表达式语言

org.springframework.web-3.0.3.RELEASE.jar

web工具包

org.springframework.web.servlet-3.0.3.RELEASE.jar

mvc工具包

 

 

@Controller控制器定义

和Struts1一样,Spring的Controller是Singleton的。这就意味着会被多个请求线程共享。因此,我们将控制器设计成无状态类。

在spring 3.0中,通过@controller标注即可将class定义为一个controller类。为使spring能找到定义为controller的bean,需要在spring-context配置文件中增加如下定义:

<context:component-scan base-package="com.sxt.web"/>

 

         注:实际上,使用@component,也可以起到@Controller同样的作用。

@RequestMapping

在类前面定义,则将url和类绑定。

在方法前面定义,则将url和类的方法绑定,如下所示:

package com.sxt.web;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import com.sxt.service.UserService;

@Controller

@RequestMapping("/user.do")

public class UserController  {

@Resource

private UserService userService;

//http://localhost:8080/springmvc02/user.do?method=reg&uname=zzzz

@RequestMapping(params="method=reg")

public String reg(String uname) {

System.out.println("HelloController.handleRequest()");

userService.add(uname);

return "index";

}

public UserService getUserService() {

return userService;

}

public void setUserService(UserService userService) {

this.userService = userService;

}

}

@RequestParam

一般用于将指定的请求参数付给方法中形参。示例代码如下:

@RequestMapping(params="method=reg5")

public String reg5(@RequestParam("name")String uname,ModelMap map) {

System.out.println("HelloController.handleRequest()");

System.out.println(uname);

return "index";

}

这样,就会将name参数的值付给uname。当然,如果请求参数名称和形参名称保持一致,则不需要这种写法。

@SessionAttributes

将ModelMap中指定的属性放到session中。示例代码如下:

@Controller

@RequestMapping("/user.do")

@SessionAttributes({"u","a"})   //ModelMap中属性名字为ua的再放入session中。这样,requestsession中都有了。

public class UserController  {

@RequestMapping(params="method=reg4")

public String reg4(ModelMap map) {         System.out.println("HelloController.handleRequest()");

map.addAttribute("u","uuuu");  //u放入request作用域中,这样转发页面也可以取到这个数据。

return "index";

}

}

<body>

<h1>**********${requestScope.u.uname}</h1>

<h1>**********${sessionScope.u.uname}</h1>

</body>

注:名字为”user”的属性再结合使用注解@SessionAttributes可能会报错。

@ModelAttribute

这个注解可以跟@SessionAttributes配合在一起用。可以将ModelMap中属性的值通过该注解自动赋给指定变量。

示例代码如下:

package com.sxt.web;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.SessionAttributes;

@Controller

@RequestMapping("/user.do")

@SessionAttributes({"u","a"})

public class UserController  {

@RequestMapping(params="method=reg4")

public String reg4(ModelMap map) {

System.out.println("HelloController.handleRequest()");

map.addAttribute("u","尚学堂高淇");

return "index";

}

@RequestMapping(params="method=reg5")

public String reg5(@ModelAttribute("u")String uname[微软用户1] ,ModelMap map) {

System.out.println("HelloController.handleRequest()");

System.out.println(uname);

return "index";

}

}

先调用reg4方法,再调用reg5方法。我们发现控制台打印出来:尚学堂高淇

Controller类中方法参数的处理

Controller类中方法返回值的处理

  1. 返回string(建议)

a)         根据返回值找对应的显示页面。路径规则为:prefix前缀+返回值+suffix后缀组成

b)         代码如下:

@RequestMapping(params="method=reg4")

public String reg4(ModelMap map) {

System.out.println("HelloController.handleRequest()");

return "index";

}

前缀为:/WEB-INF/jsp/    后缀是:.jsp

在转发到:/WEB-INF/jsp/index.jsp

  1. 也可以返回ModelMap、ModelAndView、map、List、Set、Object、无返回值。 一般建议返回字符串!

请求转发和重定向

代码示例:

package com.sxt.web;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.SessionAttributes;

@Controller

@RequestMapping("/user.do")

public class UserController  {

@RequestMapping(params="method=reg4")

public String reg4(ModelMap map) {

System.out.println("HelloController.handleRequest()");

//     return "forward:index.jsp";

//     return "forward:user.do?method=reg5"; //转发

//     return "redirect:user.do?method=reg5";  //重定向

return "redirect:http://www.baidu.com";  //重定向

}

@RequestMapping(params="method=reg5")

public String reg5(String uname,ModelMap map) {

System.out.println("HelloController.handleRequest()");

System.out.println(uname);

return "index";

}

}

访问reg4方法,既可以看到效果。

获得request对象、session对象

普通的Controller类,示例代码如下:

@Controller

@RequestMapping("/user.do")

public class UserController  {

@RequestMapping(params="method=reg2")

public String reg2(String uname,HttpServletRequest req,ModelMap map){

req.setAttribute("a", "aa");

req.getSession().setAttribute("b", "bb");

return "index";

}

}

ModelMap

是map的实现,可以在其中存放属性,作用域同request。下面这个示例,我们可以在modelMap中放入数据,然后在forward的页面上显示这些数据。通过el表达式、JSTL、java代码均可。代码如下:

package com.sxt.web;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.multiaction.MultiActionController;

@Controller

@RequestMapping("/user.do")

public class UserController extends MultiActionController  {

@RequestMapping(params="method=reg")

public String reg(String uname,ModelMap map){

map.put("a", "aaa");

return "index";

}

}

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="gbk"%>

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html>

<head></head>

<body>

<h1>${requestScope.a}</h1>

<c:out value="${requestScope.a}"></c:out>

</body>

</html>

ModelAndView模型视图类

见名知意,从名字上我们可以知道ModelAndView中的Model代表模型,View代表视图。即,这个类把要显示的数据存储到了Model属性中,要跳转的视图信息存储到了view属性。我们看一下ModelAndView的部分源码,即可知其中关系:

public class ModelAndView {

/** View instance or view name String */

private Object view;

/** Model Map */

private ModelMap model;

/**

* Indicates whether or not this instance has been cleared with a call to {@link #clear()}.

*/

private boolean cleared = false;

/**

* Default constructor for bean-style usage: populating bean

* properties instead of passing in constructor arguments.

* @see #setView(View)

* @see #setViewName(String)

*/

public ModelAndView() {

}

/**

* Convenient constructor when there is no model data to expose.

* Can also be used in conjunction with <code>addObject</code>.

* @param viewName name of the View to render, to be resolved

* by the DispatcherServlet's ViewResolver

* @see #addObject

*/

public ModelAndView(String viewName) {

this.view = viewName;

}

/**

* Convenient constructor when there is no model data to expose.

* Can also be used in conjunction with <code>addObject</code>.

* @param view View object to render

* @see #addObject

*/

public ModelAndView(View view) {

this.view = view;

}

/**

* Creates new ModelAndView given a view name and a model.

* @param viewName name of the View to render, to be resolved

* by the DispatcherServlet's ViewResolver

* @param model Map of model names (Strings) to model objects

* (Objects). Model entries may not be <code>null</code>, but the

* model Map may be <code>null</code> if there is no model data.

*/

public ModelAndView(String viewName, Map<String, ?> model) {

this.view = viewName;

if (model != null) {

getModelMap().addAllAttributes(model);

}

}

/**

* Creates new ModelAndView given a View object and a model.

* <emphasis>Note: the supplied model data is copied into the internal

* storage of this class. You should not consider to modify the supplied

* Map after supplying it to this class</emphasis>

* @param view View object to render

* @param model Map of model names (Strings) to model objects

* (Objects). Model entries may not be <code>null</code>, but the

* model Map may be <code>null</code> if there is no model data.

*/

public ModelAndView(View view, Map<String, ?> model) {

this.view = view;

if (model != null) {

getModelMap().addAllAttributes(model);

}

}

/**

* Convenient constructor to take a single model object.

* @param viewName name of the View to render, to be resolved

* by the DispatcherServlet's ViewResolver

* @param modelName name of the single entry in the model

* @param modelObject the single model object

*/

public ModelAndView(String viewName, String modelName, Object modelObject) {

this.view = viewName;

addObject(modelName, modelObject);

}

/**

* Convenient constructor to take a single model object.

* @param view View object to render

* @param modelName name of the single entry in the model

* @param modelObject the single model object

*/

public ModelAndView(View view, String modelName, Object modelObject) {

this.view = view;

addObject(modelName, modelObject);

}

/**

* Set a view name for this ModelAndView, to be resolved by the

* DispatcherServlet via a ViewResolver. Will override any

* pre-existing view name or View.

*/

public void setViewName(String viewName) {

this.view = viewName;

}

/**

* Return the view name to be resolved by the DispatcherServlet

* via a ViewResolver, or <code>null</code> if we are using a View object.

*/

public String getViewName() {

return (this.view instanceof String ? (String) this.view : null);

}

/**

* Set a View object for this ModelAndView. Will override any

* pre-existing view name or View.

*/

public void setView(View view) {

this.view = view;

}

/**

* Return the View object, or <code>null</code> if we are using a view name

* to be resolved by the DispatcherServlet via a ViewResolver.

*/

public View getView() {

return (this.view instanceof View ? (View) this.view : null);

}

/**

* Indicate whether or not this <code>ModelAndView</code> has a view, either

* as a view name or as a direct {@link View} instance.

*/

public boolean hasView() {

return (this.view != null);

}

/**

* Return whether we use a view reference, i.e. <code>true</code>

* if the view has been specified via a name to be resolved by the

* DispatcherServlet via a ViewResolver.

*/

public boolean isReference() {

return (this.view instanceof String);

}

/**

* Return the model map. May return <code>null</code>.

* Called by DispatcherServlet for evaluation of the model.

*/

protected Map<String, Object> getModelInternal() {

return this.model;

}

/**

* Return the underlying <code>ModelMap</code> instance (never <code>null</code>).

*/

public ModelMap getModelMap() {

if (this.model == null) {

this.model = new ModelMap();

}

return this.model;

}

/**

* Return the model map. Never returns <code>null</code>.

* To be called by application code for modifying the model.

*/

public Map<String, Object> getModel() {

return getModelMap();

}

/**

* Add an attribute to the model.

* @param attributeName name of the object to add to the model

* @param attributeValue object to add to the model (never <code>null</code>)

* @see ModelMap#addAttribute(String, Object)

* @see #getModelMap()

*/

public ModelAndView addObject(String attributeName, Object attributeValue) {

getModelMap().addAttribute(attributeName, attributeValue);

return this;

}

/**

* Add an attribute to the model using parameter name generation.

* @param attributeValue the object to add to the model (never <code>null</code>)

* @see ModelMap#addAttribute(Object)

* @see #getModelMap()

*/

public ModelAndView addObject(Object attributeValue) {

getModelMap().addAttribute(attributeValue);

return this;

}

/**

* Add all attributes contained in the provided Map to the model.

* @param modelMap a Map of attributeName -> attributeValue pairs

* @see ModelMap#addAllAttributes(Map)

* @see #getModelMap()

*/

public ModelAndView addAllObjects(Map<String, ?> modelMap) {

getModelMap().addAllAttributes(modelMap);

return this;

}

/**

* Clear the state of this ModelAndView object.

* The object will be empty afterwards.

* <p>Can be used to suppress rendering of a given ModelAndView object

* in the <code>postHandle</code> method of a HandlerInterceptor.

* @see #isEmpty()

* @see HandlerInterceptor#postHandle

*/

public void clear() {

this.view = null;

this.model = null;

this.cleared = true;

}

/**

* Return whether this ModelAndView object is empty,

* i.e. whether it does not hold any view and does not contain a model.

*/

public boolean isEmpty() {

return (this.view == null && CollectionUtils.isEmpty(this.model));

}

/**

* Return whether this ModelAndView object is empty as a result of a call to {@link #clear}

* i.e. whether it does not hold any view and does not contain a model.

* <p>Returns <code>false</code> if any additional state was added to the instance

* <strong>after</strong> the call to {@link #clear}.

* @see #clear()

*/

public boolean wasCleared() {

return (this.cleared && isEmpty());

}

/**

* Return diagnostic information about this model and view.

*/

@Override

public String toString() {

StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("ModelAndView: ");

if (isReference()) {

sb.append("reference to view with name '").append(this.view).append("'");

}

else {

sb.append("materialized View is [").append(this.view).append(']');

}

sb.append("; model is ").append(this.model);

return sb.toString();

}

}

测试代码如下:

package com.sxt.web;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.multiaction.MultiActionController;

import com.sxt.po.User;

@Controller

@RequestMapping("/user.do")

public class UserController extends MultiActionController  {

@RequestMapping(params="method=reg")

public ModelAndView reg(String uname){

ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();

mv.setViewName("index");

//     mv.setView(new RedirectView("index"));

User u = new User();

u.setUname("高淇");

mv.addObject(u);   //查看源代码,得知,直接放入对象。属性名为”首字母小写的类名”。 一般建议手动增加属性名称。

mv.addObject("a", "aaaa");

return mv;

}

}

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="gbk"%>

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html>

<head>

</head>

<body>

<h1>${requestScope.a}</h1>

<h1>${requestScope.user.uname}</h1>

</body>

</html>

地址栏输入:http://localhost:8080/springmvc03/user.do?method=reg

结果为:

基于spring 3.0mvc 框架的文件上传实现

1. spring使用了apache-commons下得上传组件,因此,我们需要引入两个jar包:

  1. apache-commons-fileupload.jar
  2. apache-commons-io.jar

2.  在springmvc-servlet.xml配置文件中,增加CommonsMultipartResoler配置:

<!-- 处理文件上传 -->

<bean id="multipartResolver"

class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver" >

<property name="defaultEncoding" value="gbk"/> <!-- 默认编码 (ISO-8859-1) -->

<property name="maxInMemorySize" value="10240"/> <!-- 最大内存大小 (10240)-->

<property name="uploadTempDir" value="/upload/"/> <!-- 上传后的目录名 (WebUtils#TEMP_DIR_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE) -->

<property name="maxUploadSize" value="-1"/> <!-- 最大文件大小,-1为无限止(-1) -->

</bean>

3.  建立upload.jsp页面,内容如下:

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="gbk"%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html>

<head>

<title>测试springmvc中上传的实现</title>

</head>

<body>

<form action="upload.do"  method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">

<input type="text" name="name" />

<input type="file" name="file" />

<input type="submit" />

</form>

</body>

</html>

4. 建立控制器,代码如下:

package com.sxt.web;

import java.io.File;

import java.util.Date;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;

import org.springframework.web.context.ServletContextAware;

import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartFile;

@Controller

public class FileUploadController implements ServletContextAware {

private ServletContext servletContext;

@Override

public void setServletContext(ServletContext context) {

this.servletContext  = context;

}

@RequestMapping(value="/upload.do", method = RequestMethod.POST)

public String handleUploadData(String name,@RequestParam("file")[微软用户2] CommonsMultipartFile file){

if (!file.isEmpty()) {

String path = this.servletContext.getRealPath("/tmp/");  //获取本地存储路径

System.out.println(path);

String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename();

String fileType = fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf("."));

System.out.println(fileType);

File file2 = new File(path,new Date().getTime() + fileType); //新建一个文件

try {

file.getFileItem().write(file2); //将上传的文件写入新建的文件中

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

return "redirect:upload_ok.jsp";

}else{

return "redirect:upload_error.jsp";

}

}

}

5. 建立upload_ok.jsp页面

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="gbk"%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html>

<head>

</head>

<body>

<h1>上传成功!</h1>

</body>

</html>

6. 建立upload_error.jsp页面

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="gbk"%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html>

<head>

</head>

<body>

<h1>上传失败!</h1>

</body>

</html>

  1. 发布项目,运行测试:http://localhost:8080/springmvc03/upload.jsp

进入项目发布后的目录,发现文件上传成功:

处理ajax请求

spring使用了jackson类库,帮助我们在java对象和json、xml数据之间的互相转换。他可以将控制器返回的对象直接转换成json数据,供客户端使用。客户端也可以传送json数据到服务器进行直接转换。使用步骤如下:

1.  项目中需要引入如下两个jar包:

jackson-core-asl-1.7.2jar

jackson-mapper-asl-1.7.2jar

2.  spring配置文件中修改:

<mvc:annotation-driven />  <!-- 支持spring3.0新的mvc注解 -->

<!-- 启动Spring MVC的注解功能,完成请求和注解POJO的映射 -->

<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">

<property name="cacheSeconds" value="0" />

<property name="messageConverters">

<list>

<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"></bean>

</list>

</property>

</bean>

  1. 客户端代码a.jsp如下:

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="gbk"%>

<%

String path = request.getContextPath();

String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";

%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html>

<head>

<base href="<%=basePath%>">

<title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>

<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">

<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">

<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">

<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">

<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">

<script>

function createAjaxObj(){

var req;

if(window.XMLHttpRequest){

req = new XMLHttpRequest();

}else{

req = new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP");  //ie

}

return req;

}

function sendAjaxReq(){

var req = createAjaxObj();

req.open("get","myajax.do?method=test2&uname=张三");

req.setRequestHeader("accept","application/json");

req.onreadystatechange  = function(){

eval("var result="+req.responseText);

document.getElementById("div1").innerHTML=result[0].uname;

}

req.send(null);

}

</script>

</head>

<body>

<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="sendAjaxReq();">测试</a>

<div id="div1"></div>

</body>

</html>

  1. 服务器端代码如下:

package com.sxt.web;

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import com.sxt.po.User;

@Controller

@RequestMapping("myajax.do")

public class MyAjaxController {

@RequestMapping(params="method=test1",method=RequestMethod.GET)

public @ResponseBody List<User> test1(String uname) throws Exception{

String uname2 = new String(uname.getBytes("iso8859-1"),"gbk");

System.out.println(uname2);

System.out.println("MyAjaxController.test1()");

List<User> list = new ArrayList<User>();

list.add(new User("高淇","123"));

list.add(new User("马士兵","456"));

return list;

}

}

  1. 测试。

a)         启动服务器。输入:http://localhost:8080/springmvc03/a.jsp

Spring中的拦截器

定义spring拦截器两种基本方式

  1. 实现接口:org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor。

接口中有如下方法需要重写:

注意:参数中的Object handler是下一个拦截器。

a)         public boolean preHandle
(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,
Object handler) throws Exception

该方法在action执行前执行,可以实现对数据的预处理,比如:编码、安全控制等。

如果方法返回true,则继续执行action。

b)        
public void postHandle
(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,
Object handler,   ModelAndView
modelAndView) throws Exception

该方法在action执行后,生成视图前执行。在这里,我们有机会修改视图层数据。

c)        
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler,
Exception ex)   throws Exception

最后执行,通常用于释放资源,处理异常。我们可以根据ex是否为空,来进行相关的异常处理。因为我们在平时处理异常时,都是从底层向上抛出异常,最后到了spring框架从而到了这个方法中。

  1. 继承适配器:
    org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.HandlerInterceptorAdapter

这个适配器实现了HandlerInterceptor接口。提供了这个接口中所有方法的空实现。

如下我们写出两个拦截器的示例代码,仅供大家参考:

package com.sxt.interceptor;

import javax.interceptor.Interceptors;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

public class MyInterceptor implements
HandlerInterceptor {

@Override

public void
afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request,    HttpServletResponse
response, Object handler, Exception ex)    throws Exception {

System.out.println("最后执行!!!一般用于释放资源!!");

}

@Override

public void
postHandle(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response, Object
handler,    ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {

System.out.println("Action执行之后,生成视图之前执行!!");

}

@Override

public boolean
preHandle(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response, Object
handler) throws Exception {

System.out.println("action之前执行!!!");

return true;  //继续执行action

}

}

package com.sxt.interceptor;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import
org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.HandlerInterceptorAdapter;

public class MyInterceptor2 extends
HandlerInterceptorAdapter {

@Override

public boolean
preHandle(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response, Object
handler) throws Exception {

System.out.println("MyInterceptor2.preHandle()");

return true;  //继续执行action

}

}

  1. XML中如何配置。如下为示例代码:

<mvc:interceptors>

<bean class="com.sxt.interceptor.MyInterceptor"></bean> <!-- 拦截所有springmvc的url! -->

<mvc:interceptor>

<mvc:mapping path="/user.do"
/>

<!--<mvc:mapping
path="/test/*" />-->

<bean class="com.sxt.interceptor.MyInterceptor2"></bean>

</mvc:interceptor>

</mvc:interceptors>


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