redis常用操作,redis操作键值,redis安全设置

redis常用操作

之前已经介绍过redis里各种数据类型的赋值操作,在这里则介绍一下各个数据类型的其他常用的操作。

string类型的操作:

使用set命令对已存在的键/值进行赋值的话,会覆盖原有的值:

[root@localhost ~]# redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> set key1 zero
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> get key1
"zero"
127.0.0.1:6379> set key1 one
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> get key1
"one"
127.0.0.1:6379>

使用setnx命令则可以在赋值时检测目标键值是否已存在,如果存在会返回0,不会覆盖原有的键值。不存在则返回1并创建该键值:

127.0.0.1:6379> setnx key1 tow
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379> get key1
"one"
127.0.0.1:6379> setnx key2 tow
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> get key2
"tow"
127.0.0.1:6379>

set命令中的ex参数可以给某个键值设置过期时间:

127.0.0.1:6379> set key3 test ex 10   # 单位为秒
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> get key3
"test"
127.0.0.1:6379> get key3  # 10秒过后数据就过期了
(nil)
127.0.0.1:6379>

setex命令则是先设置过期时间然后再设置值:

127.0.0.1:6379> setex key3 20 test   # 给key3设置过期时间为20s,值为test,若key已经存在,会覆盖新的值
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> get key3
"test"
127.0.0.1:6379>

<br>

list类型的操作:

lpush命令可以从左边添加元素,或者可以理解为从上面添加元素。列表中的元素可以理解为左右关系也可以理解为上下关系,主要看个人习惯:

127.0.0.1:6379> LPUSH list2 aaa
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> LPUSH list2 bbb
(integer) 2
127.0.0.1:6379> LRANGElist2 0 -1
1) "bbb"
2) "aaa"
127.0.0.1:6379>

lpop命令则是可以从左边拿取元素:

127.0.0.1:6379> LPOP list2
"bbb"
127.0.0.1:6379>

linsert命令用于指定在某个元素的前、后位置插入元素,例如:

127.0.0.1:6379> linsert list2 before aaa ccc  # 在aaa的前面插入一个元素为ccc
(integer) 2
127.0.0.1:6379> linsert list2 after ccc ddd  # 在ccc的后面插入一个元素为ddd
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> LRANGE list2 0 -1
1) "ccc"
2) "ddd"
3) "aaa"
127.0.0.1:6379>

lset命令用来修改某一个指定的元素:

127.0.0.1:6379> lset list2 0 abc  # 将列表中下标为0的元素修改成abc
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> LRANGE list2 0 -1
1) "abc"
2) "ddd"
3) "aaa"
127.0.0.1:6379> 

lindex命令查看某个下标的元素:

127.0.0.1:6379> LINDEX list2 0
"abc"
127.0.0.1:6379> LINDEX list2 1
"ddd"
127.0.0.1:6379> LINDEX list2 2
"aaa"
127.0.0.1:6379> LINDEX list2 3
(nil)
127.0.0.1:6379>

llen命令查看某个列表中的元素数量:

127.0.0.1:6379> llen list2
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379>

<br>

set类型的操作:
sadd seta aaa //向集合seta中放入元素
smembers seta //查看集合中的所有元素

127.0.0.1:6379> SADD set4 aaa
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> SADD set4 bbb
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> SMEMBERS set4
1) "bbb"
2) "aaa"
127.0.0.1:6379>

srem seta aaa //删除元素 
spop seta //随机取出一个元素,删除

127.0.0.1:6379> SREM set4 aaa
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> spop set4
"bbb"
127.0.0.1:6379> SMEMBERS set4
(empty list or set)
127.0.0.1:6379>

sdiff seta setb //求差集,以seta为标准
sdiffstore setc seta setb //求seta和setb的差集并且将结果存储,存储到了setc里

127.0.0.1:6379> sdiff set1 set2
1) "f"
2) "g"
3) "h"
127.0.0.1:6379> sdiffstore set1 set2 set4
(integer) 8
127.0.0.1:6379>

sinter seta setb //求交集
sinterstore setd seta setb //将交集存储setd

127.0.0.1:6379> SINTER set1 set2
1) "bbb"
2) "aaa"
3) "3"
4) "c"
5) "2"
6) "1"
7) "b"
8) "a"
127.0.0.1:6379> SINTERSTORE set5 set1 set2
(integer) 8
127.0.0.1:6379>

sunion seta setb //求并集
sunionstore sete seta setb //求并集并存储到sete

127.0.0.1:6379> SUNION set1 set2
1) "2"
2) "b"
3) "bbb"
4) "aaa"
5) "c"
6) "3"
7) "1"
8) "a"
127.0.0.1:6379> SUNIONSTORE set6 set1 set2
(integer) 8
127.0.0.1:6379>

sismember命令可以判断一个元素是否属于一个集合,有则返回1,没有则返回0:

127.0.0.1:6379> SISMEMBER set1 aaa
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> SISMEMBER set1 10
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379> 

srandmember命令可以随机取出一个元素,但不删除:

127.0.0.1:6379> SRANDMEMBER set1
"bbb"
127.0.0.1:6379> SRANDMEMBER set1 2  # 末尾的数字表示指定拿取多少个
1) "bbb"
2) "aaa"
127.0.0.1:6379>

<br>

zset类型的操作:

zadd zseta 11 123 //创建有序集合
zrange zseta 0 -1 //显示所有元素,按顺序显示

127.0.0.1:6379> ZADD zset1 0 zero
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> ZADD zset1 1 one
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> ZRANGE zset1 0 -1
1) "zero"
2) "one"
127.0.0.1:6379>

zrange zseta 0 -1 withscores //可以带上分值,也就是添加元素时给的数字

127.0.0.1:6379> zrange zset1 0 -1 withscores
1) "zero"
2) "0"
3) "one"
4) "1"
127.0.0.1:6379>

zrem zseta 222 //删除指定元素

127.0.0.1:6379> ZREM zset1 zero
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> ZRANGE zset1 0 -1
1) "one"
127.0.0.1:6379>

zrank zseta 222 //返回元素的索引值也就是下标,索引值从0开始,按score正向排序

127.0.0.1:6379> ZRANK zset1 five
(integer) 5
127.0.0.1:6379> ZRANK zset1 zero
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379> ZRANK zset1 tow
(integer) 2
127.0.0.1:6379> ZRANK zset1 three
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379>

zrevrank zseta 222 //同上,不同的是,按score反序排序

127.0.0.1:6379> zrevrank zset1 five
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379> zrevrank zset1 zero
(integer) 5
127.0.0.1:6379> zrevrank zset1 tow
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> zrevrank zset1 three
(integer) 2
127.0.0.1:6379>

zrevrange zseta 0 -1 反序显示所有元素

127.0.0.1:6379> ZREVRANGE zset1 0 -1
1) "five"
2) "four"
3) "three"
4) "tow"
5) "one"
6) "zero"
127.0.0.1:6379>

zcard zseta //返回集合中所有元素的个数

127.0.0.1:6379> ZCARD zset1
(integer) 6
127.0.0.1:6379>

zcount zseta 1 10 // 返回分值范围1-10的元素个数

127.0.0.1:6379> zcount zset1 0 10
(integer) 6
127.0.0.1:6379>

zrangebyscore zseta 1 10 // 返回分值范围1-10的元素

127.0.0.1:6379> zrangebyscore zset1 0 10
1) "zero"
2) "one"
3) "tow"
4) "three"
5) "four"
6) "five"
127.0.0.1:6379>

zremrangebyrank zseta 0 2 //删除索引范围0-2的元素,按score正向排序

127.0.0.1:6379> zremrangebyrank zset1 0 2
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> ZRANGE zset1 0 -1
1) "three"
2) "four"
3) "five"
127.0.0.1:6379>

zremrangebyscore zseta 1 10 //删除分值范围1-10的元素

127.0.0.1:6379> zremrangebyscore zset1 3 4
(integer) 2
127.0.0.1:6379> ZRANGE zset1 0 -1
1) "five"
127.0.0.1:6379>

<br>

hash类型的操作:
//单个创建hash键值
hset user1 name aming 
hset user1 age 30 
hset user1 job it

127.0.0.1:6379> hset user1  name aming
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> hset user1 age 30
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> hset user1 job  it
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379>

//批量建立键值对
hmset user2 name aming age 30 job it

127.0.0.1:6379> hmset user2  name aming age 30  job it   
OK
127.0.0.1:6379>

// 批量获得键值对
hmget user2 name age job

127.0.0.1:6379> hmget user2 name age  job
1) "aming"
2) "30"
3) "it"
127.0.0.1:6379>

//得到所有的键值对
hgetall user1

127.0.0.1:6379> hgetall user1
1) "name"
2) "aming"
3) "age"
4) "30"
5) "job"
6) "it"
127.0.0.1:6379>

//删除指定filed
hdel user2 job

127.0.0.1:6379> hdel user2 job 
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> hgetall user2
1) "name"
2) "aming"
3) "age"
4) "30"
127.0.0.1:6379>

//打印所有的key
hkeys user2

127.0.0.1:6379> hkeys user2
1) "name"
2) "age"
127.0.0.1:6379>

//打印所有的values
hvals user2

127.0.0.1:6379> hvals user2 
1) "aming"
2) "30"
127.0.0.1:6379>

//查看hash有几个filed 
hlen user2

127.0.0.1:6379> hlen user2
(integer) 2
127.0.0.1:6379>

redis操作键值

keys *可以打印当前redis存储的键:

127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
 1) "set3"
 2) "set2"
 3) "set1"
 4) "hash1"
 5) "mykey"
 6) "hash2"
 7) "user2"
 8) "user1"
 9) "zset1"
10) "list2"
11) "key2"
12) "k2"
13) "key1"
14) "k1"
15) "k3"
16) "set6"
17) "set5"
127.0.0.1:6379>

keys支持模糊匹配:

127.0.0.1:6379> keys k*   # 打印k开头的键
1) "key2"
2) "k2"
3) "key1"
4) "k1"
5) "k3"
127.0.0.1:6379>

exists命令可以判断某个键是否存在,存在返回1 ,否则返回0:

127.0.0.1:6379> exists key1
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> exists key100
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379>

del命令可以删除一个key ,删除成功返回1 ,否则返回0:

127.0.0.1:6379> del key1
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> get key1
(nil)
127.0.0.1:6379>

EXPIRE命令可以给指定的键设置一个过期时间:

127.0.0.1:6379> EXPIRE key2 100   # 设置key2 100s后过期
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379>

ttl 命令可以查看指定的键还有多长时间过期,单位是秒,当 key 不存在时,返回 -2 。 当 key 存在但没有设置剩余生存时间时,返回 -1 。 否则,返回 key 的剩余生存时间。

127.0.0.1:6379> ttl key2
(integer) 49
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl key2
(integer) -2
127.0.0.1:6379> get key2
(nil)
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl user1
(integer) -1
127.0.0.1:6379>

select命令可以选择一个数据库,redis默认有6个数据库,通过0-6的数字就可以选择进入哪一个库:

127.0.0.1:6379> select 0   # 代表选择当前数据库,默认进入 0 数据库
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> SELECT 1  # 选择 1 数据库
OK
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> keys *  # 1 数据库下没有键值数据
(empty list or set)
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>

move set1 1 // 把set1移动到 1 数据库里:

127.0.0.1:6379> MOVE set1 1
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> select 1
OK
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> keys *
1) "set1"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>

persist key1 //取消key1的过期时间

127.0.0.1:6379> EXPIRE mykey 1000
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> TTL mykey
(integer) 992
127.0.0.1:6379> PERSIST mykey
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> TTL mykey
(integer) -1
127.0.0.1:6379>

randomkey //随机返回一个key

127.0.0.1:6379> randomkey
"zset1"
127.0.0.1:6379> randomkey
"user1"
127.0.0.1:6379> randomkey
"user1"
127.0.0.1:6379> randomkey
"list2"
127.0.0.1:6379>

rename oldname newname //重命名key

127.0.0.1:6379> rename mykey newmykey
OK
127.0.0.1:6379>

type key1 //返回键的类型

127.0.0.1:6379> type newmykey
string
127.0.0.1:6379> type set2
set
127.0.0.1:6379> type list2
list
127.0.0.1:6379> type hash2
hash
127.0.0.1:6379> type zset1
zset
127.0.0.1:6379> type key4  # 不存在的key则返回none
none
127.0.0.1:6379>

redis服务

dbsize命令可以返回当前数据库中key的数目

127.0.0.1:6379> dbsize
(integer) 14
127.0.0.1:6379>

info //返回redis数据库状态信息

127.0.0.1:6379> info
# Server
redis_version:4.0.1
redis_git_sha1:00000000
redis_git_dirty:0
redis_build_id:6a13dbd019c997f4
redis_mode:standalone
os:Linux 3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64 x86_64
arch_bits:64
multiplexing_api:epoll
atomicvar_api:atomic-builtin
gcc_version:4.8.5
process_id:2801
run_id:a61419362a08cf720c7e7048ec1b0f9816a7594c
tcp_port:6379
uptime_in_seconds:9412
uptime_in_days:0
hz:10
lru_clock:4959909
executable:/root/redis-server
config_file:/etc/redis.conf

# Clients
connected_clients:1
client_longest_output_list:0
client_biggest_input_buf:0
blocked_clients:0

# Memory
used_memory:830600
used_memory_human:811.13K
used_memory_rss:7970816
used_memory_rss_human:7.60M
used_memory_peak:830600
used_memory_peak_human:811.13K
used_memory_peak_perc:100.09%
used_memory_overhead:816126
used_memory_startup:765576
used_memory_dataset:14474
used_memory_dataset_perc:22.26%
total_system_memory:1913536512
total_system_memory_human:1.78G
used_memory_lua:37888
used_memory_lua_human:37.00K
maxmemory:0
maxmemory_human:0B
maxmemory_policy:noeviction
mem_fragmentation_ratio:9.59
mem_allocator:jemalloc-4.0.3
active_defrag_running:0
lazyfree_pending_objects:0

# Persistence
loading:0
rdb_changes_since_last_save:4
rdb_bgsave_in_progress:0
rdb_last_save_time:1514908805
rdb_last_bgsave_status:ok
rdb_last_bgsave_time_sec:0
rdb_current_bgsave_time_sec:-1
rdb_last_cow_size:6561792
aof_enabled:1
aof_rewrite_in_progress:0
aof_rewrite_scheduled:0
aof_last_rewrite_time_sec:-1
aof_current_rewrite_time_sec:-1
aof_last_bgrewrite_status:ok
aof_last_write_status:ok
aof_last_cow_size:0
aof_current_size:3007
aof_base_size:955
aof_pending_rewrite:0
aof_buffer_length:0
aof_rewrite_buffer_length:0
aof_pending_bio_fsync:0
aof_delayed_fsync:0

# Stats
total_connections_received:1
total_commands_processed:156
instantaneous_ops_per_sec:0
total_net_input_bytes:5717
total_net_output_bytes:13143
instantaneous_input_kbps:0.00
instantaneous_output_kbps:0.00
rejected_connections:0
sync_full:0
sync_partial_ok:0
sync_partial_err:0
expired_keys:3
evicted_keys:0
keyspace_hits:74
keyspace_misses:16
pubsub_channels:0
pubsub_patterns:0
latest_fork_usec:4229
migrate_cached_sockets:0
slave_expires_tracked_keys:0
active_defrag_hits:0
active_defrag_misses:0
active_defrag_key_hits:0
active_defrag_key_misses:0

# Replication
role:master
connected_slaves:0
master_replid:c4ed4074d76e9db7ebacfdcc16f6e6115f910bf2
master_replid2:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
master_repl_offset:0
second_repl_offset:-1
repl_backlog_active:0
repl_backlog_size:1048576
repl_backlog_first_byte_offset:0
repl_backlog_histlen:0

# CPU
used_cpu_sys:15.41
used_cpu_user:0.49
used_cpu_sys_children:0.12
used_cpu_user_children:0.00

# Cluster
cluster_enabled:0

# Keyspace
db0:keys=14,expires=0,avg_ttl=0
db1:keys=1,expires=0,avg_ttl=0
127.0.0.1:6379> 

flushdb //清空当前数据库中所有的键:

127.0.0.1:6379> select 1
OK
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> keys * 
1) "set1"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> flushdb
OK
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> keys * 
(empty list or set)
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> 

flushall //清空所有数据库中的所有的key

bgsave //保存数据到 rdb文件中,会在后台运行:

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> bgsave
Background saving started
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>

save //作用同上,但是在前台运行

config get * //获取所有配置参数,奇数行是键,偶数行是值:

 127.0.0.1:6379[1]> config get *
  1) "dbfilename"
  2) "dump.rdb"
  3) "requirepass"
  4) ""
  5) "masterauth"
  6) ""
  7) "cluster-announce-ip"
  8) ""
  9) "unixsocket"
 10) ""
 11) "logfile"
 12) "/var/log/redis.log"
 13) "pidfile"
 14) "/var/run/redis_6379.pid"
 15) "slave-announce-ip"
 16) ""
 17) "maxmemory"
 18) "0"
 19) "maxmemory-samples"
 20) "5"
 21) "timeout"
 22) "0"
 23) "active-defrag-threshold-lower"
 24) "10"
 25) "active-defrag-threshold-upper"
 26) "100"
 27) "active-defrag-ignore-bytes"
 28) "104857600"
 29) "active-defrag-cycle-min"
 30) "25"
 31) "active-defrag-cycle-max"
 32) "75"
 33) "auto-aof-rewrite-percentage"
 34) "100"
 35) "auto-aof-rewrite-min-size"
 36) "67108864"
 37) "hash-max-ziplist-entries"
 38) "512"
 39) "hash-max-ziplist-value"
 40) "64"
 41) "list-max-ziplist-size"
 42) "-2"
 43) "list-compress-depth"
 44) "0"
 45) "set-max-intset-entries"
 46) "512"
 47) "zset-max-ziplist-entries"
 48) "128"
 49) "zset-max-ziplist-value"
 50) "64"
 51) "hll-sparse-max-bytes"
 52) "3000"
 53) "lua-time-limit"
 54) "5000"
 55) "slowlog-log-slower-than"
 56) "10000"
 57) "latency-monitor-threshold"
 58) "0"
 59) "slowlog-max-len"
 60) "128"
 61) "port"
 62) "6379"
 63) "cluster-announce-port"
 64) "0"
 65) "cluster-announce-bus-port"
 66) "0"
 67) "tcp-backlog"
 68) "511"
 69) "databases"
 70) "16"
 71) "repl-ping-slave-period"
 72) "10"
 73) "repl-timeout"
 74) "60"
 75) "repl-backlog-size"
 76) "1048576"
 77) "repl-backlog-ttl"
 78) "3600"
 79) "maxclients"
 80) "10000"
 81) "watchdog-period"
 82) "0"
 83) "slave-priority"
 84) "100"
 85) "slave-announce-port"
 86) "0"
 87) "min-slaves-to-write"
 88) "0"
 89) "min-slaves-max-lag"
 90) "10"
 91) "hz"
 92) "10"
 93) "cluster-node-timeout"
 94) "15000"
 95) "cluster-migration-barrier"
 96) "1"
 97) "cluster-slave-validity-factor"
 98) "10"
 99) "repl-diskless-sync-delay"
100) "5"
101) "tcp-keepalive"
102) "300"
103) "cluster-require-full-coverage"
104) "yes"
105) "no-appendfsync-on-rewrite"
106) "no"
107) "slave-serve-stale-data"
108) "yes"
109) "slave-read-only"
110) "yes"
111) "stop-writes-on-bgsave-error"
112) "yes"
113) "daemonize"
114) "yes"
115) "rdbcompression"
116) "yes"
117) "rdbchecksum"
118) "yes"
119) "activerehashing"
120) "yes"
121) "activedefrag"
122) "no"
123) "protected-mode"
124) "yes"
125) "repl-disable-tcp-nodelay"
126) "no"
127) "repl-diskless-sync"
128) "no"
129) "aof-rewrite-incremental-fsync"
130) "yes"
131) "aof-load-truncated"
132) "yes"
133) "aof-use-rdb-preamble"
134) "no"
135) "lazyfree-lazy-eviction"
136) "no"
137) "lazyfree-lazy-expire"
138) "no"
139) "lazyfree-lazy-server-del"
140) "no"
141) "slave-lazy-flush"
142) "no"
143) "maxmemory-policy"
144) "noeviction"
145) "loglevel"
146) "notice"
147) "supervised"
148) "no"
149) "appendfsync"
150) "everysec"
151) "syslog-facility"
152) "local0"
153) "appendonly"
154) "yes"
155) "dir"
156) "/data/redis_data"
157) "save"
158) "900 1 300 10 60 10000"
159) "client-output-buffer-limit"
160) "normal 0 0 0 slave 268435456 67108864 60 pubsub 33554432 8388608 60"
161) "unixsocketperm"
162) "0"
163) "slaveof"
164) ""
165) "notify-keyspace-events"
166) ""
167) "bind"
168) "127.0.0.1"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>

config get dir //通过键获取某个配置参数

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> config get dir
1) "dir"
2) "/data/redis_data"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> 

config set dir //更改配置参数

127.0.0.1:6379[1]> CONFIG SET timeout 100
OK
127.0.0.1:6379[1]> CONFIG GET timeout
1) "timeout"
2) "100"
127.0.0.1:6379[1]>

数据恢复: 首先定义或者确定dir目录和dbfilename,然后把备份的rdb文件放到dir目录下面,重启redis服务即可恢复数据。

redis安全设置

redis默认会监听所有ip,这样的话所有ip都能来进行连接,所以需要设置指定的监听ip来提高安全性。

redis默认端口是6379,如果使用默认端口很容易被黑客扫到,所以设置一个其他的监听端口也可以提高安全性。

redis默认是没有密码的,所以还需要设置密码:

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/redis.conf
# 配置文件中增加这一行,password改为你的密码
requirepass password

修改完之后重启redis服务:

killall redis-server
redis-server /etc/redis.conf

这时候虽然可以还进入redis命令行,但是不能够执行命令了:

[root@localhost ~]# redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
(error) NOAUTH Authentication required.
127.0.0.1:6379>

需要通过 -a 选项指定密码登录:

[root@localhost ~]# redis-cli -a 'password'
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
 1) "newmykey"
 2) "user1"
 3) "user2"
 4) "hash2"
 5) "list2"
 6) "set3"
 7) "k1"
 8) "zset1"
 9) "set6"
10) "hash1"
11) "k2"
12) "k3"
13) "set2"
14) "set5"
127.0.0.1:6379>

因为config命令可以获得所有的配置参数,所以有一定的风险,但是我们可以将config命令改名,同样的需要编辑配置文件:

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/redis.conf
# 配置文件中增加这一行,newcommand自定义为你的命令
rename-command CONFIG newcommand

修改完之后重启redis服务:

killall redis-server
redis-server /etc/redis.conf

再次进入命令行可以发现原本的config命令不能用了:

[root@localhost ~]# redis-cli -a 'password'
127.0.0.1:6379> config get dir
(error) ERR unknown command 'config'
127.0.0.1:6379> newcommand get dir  # 使用自定义的命令
1) "dir"
2) "/data/redis_data"
127.0.0.1:6379>

如果不需要使用config命令的话,可以在配置文件中添加这一行禁用config命令:

rename-command CONFIG ""

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