int MaskToRshift(DWORD dwMask)

{   //设dwMask =0x0000F800

     int iShift;

     if (dwMask == )  return ;

     //dwMask&1：取出dwMask最后一位,如果是0，则继续右移，直到遇到1停止。

     for (iShift = ; !(dwMask & ); iShift++)

         dwMask >> ;

     return iShift;

}

//判断左移位数

int MaskToLshift(DWORD dwMask)

{

     //设dwMask =0x0000F800

     int iShift;

     if (dwMask == )  return ;

     //先去掉dwMask右侧的0

     while (!(dwMask & ))

         dwMask >> ;

     //dwMask&1：取出dwMask最后一位,如果是1，则统计1的个数，直到遇到0为止。

     for (iShift = ; (dwMask & ); iShift++)

         dwMask >> ;

     return - iShift; //因为每个通道的颜色用1个字节（8位）表示。

}

/*------------------------------------------------------------

DIBHEADS.C -- Displays DIB Header Information

(c) Charles Petzold, 1998

------------------------------------------------------------*/

#include <windows.h>

#include "resource.h"

#include "DibFile.h"

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);

int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,

                   PSTR szCmdLine, int iCmdShow)

{

    static TCHAR szAppName[] = TEXT("DibHeads");

    HWND         hwnd;

    MSG          msg;

    WNDCLASSEX   wndclass;

    HACCEL       hAccel;

    wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;

    wndclass.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);

    wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;

    wndclass.cbClsExtra = ;

    wndclass.cbWndExtra = ;

    wndclass.hInstance = hInstance;

    wndclass.hIcon = LoadIcon(hInstance, szAppName);

    wndclass.hIconSm = LoadIcon(hInstance, szAppName);

    wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);

    wndclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH);

    wndclass.lpszMenuName = szAppName;

    wndclass.lpszClassName = szAppName;

    if (!RegisterClassEx(&wndclass))

    {

        MessageBox(NULL, TEXT("This program requires Windows NT!"),

                   szAppName, MB_ICONERROR);

        return ;

    }

    hwnd = CreateWindow(szAppName,                  // window class name

                        TEXT("DIB Headers"), // window caption

                        WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,        // window style

                        CW_USEDEFAULT,              // initial x position

                        CW_USEDEFAULT,              // initial y position

                        CW_USEDEFAULT,              // initial x size

                        CW_USEDEFAULT,              // initial y size

                        NULL,                       // parent window handle

                        NULL,                       // window menu handle

                        hInstance,                  // program instance handle

                        NULL);                     // creation parameters

    ShowWindow(hwnd, iCmdShow);

    UpdateWindow(hwnd);

    hAccel = LoadAccelerators(hInstance, szAppName);

    while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, , ))

    {

        if (!TranslateAccelerator(hwnd, hAccel, &msg))

        {

            TranslateMessage(&msg);

            DispatchMessage(&msg);

        }

    }

    return msg.wParam;

}

void Printf(HWND hwnd, TCHAR* szFormat, ...)

{

    TCHAR szBuffer[];

    va_list  pArgList;

    va_start(pArgList, szFormat);

    wvsprintf(szBuffer, szFormat, pArgList);

    va_end(pArgList);

    // (0, -1)表示全选, (-1，任意)表示全不选

    SendMessage(hwnd, EM_SETSEL, (WPARAM)-, (LPARAM)-); //取消选择

    //未选择文本时，替换文本被插入到Caret所在位置

    SendMessage(hwnd, EM_REPLACESEL, FALSE, (LPARAM)szBuffer); //FALSE表示不能被撤消

    SendMessage(hwnd, EM_SCROLLCARET, , );

}

void DisplayDibHeaders(HWND hwnd, TCHAR* szFileName)

{

    static TCHAR* szInfoName[] = { TEXT("BITMAPCOREHEADER"),

        TEXT("BITMAPINFOHEADER"),

        TEXT("BITMAPV4HEADER"),

        TEXT("BITMAPV5HEADER") };

    static TCHAR* szCompression[] = { TEXT("BI_RGB"), TEXT("BI_RLE8"), TEXT("BI_RLE4"),

        TEXT("BI_BITFIELDS"), TEXT("unkown") };

    BITMAPFILEHEADER*   pbmfh;

    BITMAPV5HEADER*     pbmih;

    BITMAPCOREHEADER*   pbmch;

    TCHAR*              szV = NULL;

    int i;

    //显示文件名：

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("File：%s\r\n\r\n"), szFileName);

    SetCursor(LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_WAIT));

    ShowCursor(TRUE);

    //读取文件

    pbmfh = DibLoadImage(szFileName);

    if (pbmfh == NULL)

    {

        Printf(hwnd, TEXT("Could not read file.\r\n\r\n"));

        return;

    }

    ShowCursor(FALSE);

    SetCursor(LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW));

    //显示文件尺寸

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("File size =%u bytes\r\n\r\n"), pbmfh->bfSize);

    //显示BITMAPFILEHEADER结构体

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("BitmapFileHeader结构体\r\n"));

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.bfType =0x%X\r\n"), pbmfh->bfType);

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.bfSize =%u bytes\r\n"), pbmfh->bfSize);

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.bfReserved1 =%u\r\n"), pbmfh->bfReserved1);

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.bfReserved2 =%u\r\n"), pbmfh->bfReserved2);

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.bfOffBits =%u\r\n\r\n"), pbmfh->bfOffBits);

    //判断信息头的类型

    pbmih = (BITMAPV5HEADER*)((BYTE*)pbmfh + sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER));  //指向信息头

    switch (pbmih->bV5Size)

    {

    case sizeof(BITMAPCOREHEADER) : i = ; break;

    case sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER) : i = ; szV = TEXT("i"); break;

    case sizeof(BITMAPV4HEADER) : i = ; szV = TEXT("V4"); break;

    case sizeof(BITMAPV5HEADER) : i = ; szV = TEXT("V5"); break;

    default:

        Printf(hwnd, TEXT("Unknown header size of %u.\r\n\r\n"), pbmih->bV5Size);

        free(pbmfh);

        return;

    }

    //显示信息头名称

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT(" %s\r\n"), szInfoName[i]);

    //显示BITMAPCOREHEADER 各字段信息

    if (pbmih->bV5Size == sizeof(BITMAPCOREHEADER))

    {

        pbmch = (BITMAPCOREHEADER*)pbmih;

        Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.bcSize =%u bytes\r\n"), pbmch->bcSize);

        Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.bcWidth =%u\r\n"), pbmch->bcWidth);

        Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.bcHeight =%u\r\n"), pbmch->bcHeight);

        Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.bcPlanes =%u\r\n"), pbmch->bcPlanes);

        Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.bcBitCount =%u\r\n\r\n"), pbmch->bcBitCount);

        free(pbmfh);

        return;

    }

    //显示BITMAPINFOHEADER 各字段信息

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sSize =%u bytes\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5Size);

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sWidth =%u\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5Width);

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sHeight =%u\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5Height);

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sPlanes =%u\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5Planes);

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sBitCount =%u\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5BitCount);

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sCompression =%s\r\n"), szV, szCompression[min(, pbmih->bV5Compression)]);

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sSizeImage =%u\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5SizeImage);

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sXPelsPerMeter =%i\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5XPelsPerMeter);

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sYPelsPerMeter =%i\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5YPelsPerMeter);

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sClrUsed =%i\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5ClrUsed);

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sClrImportant =%i\r\n\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5ClrImportant);

    if (pbmih->bV5Size == sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER))

    {

        if (pbmih->bV5Compression == BI_BITFIELDS)

        {

            Printf(hwnd, TEXT("Red Mask = %08X\r\n"), pbmih->bV5RedMask);

            Printf(hwnd, TEXT("Green Mask = %08X\r\n"), pbmih->bV5GreenMask);

            Printf(hwnd, TEXT("Blue Mask = %08X\r\n\r\n"), pbmih->bV5BlueMask);

        }

        free(pbmfh);

        return;

    }

    //显示BITMAPV4HEADER额外的字段

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sRedMask     = %08X\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5RedMask);

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sGreenMask   = %08X\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5GreenMask);

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sBlueMask    = %08X\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5BlueMask);

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sAlphaMask   = %08X\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5AlphaMask);

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sCSType      = %u\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5CSType);

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sEndpoints.ciexyzRed.ciexyzX   = %08X\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5Endpoints.ciexyzRed.ciexyzX);

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sEndpoints.ciexyzRed.ciexyzY   = %08X\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5Endpoints.ciexyzRed.ciexyzY);

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sEndpoints.ciexyzRed.ciexyzZ   = %08X\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5Endpoints.ciexyzRed.ciexyzZ);

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sEndpoints.ciexyzGreen.ciexyzX   = %08X\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5Endpoints.ciexyzGreen.ciexyzX);

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sEndpoints.ciexyzGreen.ciexyzY   = %08X\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5Endpoints.ciexyzGreen.ciexyzY);

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sEndpoints.ciexyzGreen.ciexyzZ   = %08X\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5Endpoints.ciexyzGreen.ciexyzZ);

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sEndpoints.ciexyzBlue.ciexyzX   = %08X\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5Endpoints.ciexyzBlue.ciexyzX);

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sEndpoints.ciexyzBlue.ciexyzY   = %08X\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5Endpoints.ciexyzBlue.ciexyzY);

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sEndpoints.ciexyzBlue.ciexyzZ   = %08X\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5Endpoints.ciexyzBlue.ciexyzZ);

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sGammaRed   = %08X\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5GammaRed);

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sGammaGreen   = %08X\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5GammaGreen);

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sGammaBlue   = %08X\r\n\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5GammaBlue);

    if (pbmih->bV5Size == sizeof(BITMAPV4HEADER))

    {

        free(pbmfh);

        return;

    }

    //显示BITMAPV5HEADER额外的字段

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sIntent   = %u\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5Intent);

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sProfileData   = %u\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5ProfileData);

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sProfileSize   = %u\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5ProfileSize);

    Printf(hwnd, TEXT("\t.b%sReserved      = %u\r\n\r\n"), szV, pbmih->bV5Reserved);

    free(pbmfh);

    return;

}

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)

{

    static HWND    hwndEdit;

    static TCHAR   szFileName[MAX_PATH], szTitleName[MAX_PATH];

    switch (message)

    {

    case WM_CREATE:

        hwndEdit = CreateWindow(TEXT("edit"), NULL,

                                WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER | WS_VSCROLL |

                                WS_HSCROLL | ES_MULTILINE | ES_AUTOVSCROLL | ES_READONLY,

                                , , , ,

                                hwnd,

                                (HMENU),

                                ((LPCREATESTRUCT)lParam)->hInstance,

                                NULL);

        DibFileInitialize(hwnd);

        return ;

    case WM_SIZE:

        MoveWindow(hwndEdit, , , LOWORD(lParam), HIWORD(lParam), TRUE);

        return ;

    case WM_COMMAND:

        switch (LOWORD(wParam))

        {

        case IDM_FILE_OPEN:

            if (DibFileOpenDlg(hwnd, szFileName, szTitleName))

            {

                DisplayDibHeaders(hwndEdit, szFileName);

            }

            return ;

        }

        break;

    case WM_DESTROY:

        PostQuitMessage();

        return ;

    }

    return DefWindowProc(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam);

}

/*-----------------------------------------------------

DIBFILE.H ----  Header File for DIBFILE.C

------------------------------------------------------*/

#pragma  once

#include <windows.h>

void DibFileInitialize(HWND hwnd);

BOOL DibFileOpenDlg(HWND hwnd, PTSTR pstrFileName, PTSTR pstrTitleName);

BOOL DibFileSaveDlg(HWND hwnd, PTSTR pstrFileName, PTSTR pstrTitleName);

BITMAPFILEHEADER*  DibLoadImage(PTSTR pstrFileName);

BOOL               DibSaveImage(PTSTR pstrFileName, BITMAPFILEHEADER*);

#include "DibFile.h"

static OPENFILENAME ofn;

void DibFileInitialize(HWND hwnd)

{

    static TCHAR szFilter[] = TEXT("Bitmap Files (*.BMP)\0*.bmp\0")\

        TEXT("All Files(*.*)\0*.*\0\0");

    ofn.lStructSize = sizeof(OPENFILENAME);

    ofn.hwndOwner = hwnd;

    ofn.hInstance = NULL;

    ofn.lpstrFilter = szFilter;

    ofn.lpstrCustomFilter = NULL;

    ofn.nMaxCustFilter = ;

    ofn.nFilterIndex = ;

    ofn.lpstrFile = NULL;  //在打开和关闭中设置

    ofn.nMaxFile = MAX_PATH;

    ofn.lpstrFileTitle = NULL; //在打开和关闭函数中设置

    ofn.nMaxFileTitle = MAX_PATH;

    ofn.lpstrInitialDir = NULL;

    ofn.lpstrTitle = NULL;

    ofn.Flags = ;     //在打开和关闭函数中设置

    ofn.nFileOffset = ;

    ofn.nFileExtension = ;

    ofn.lpstrDefExt = TEXT("bmp"); //默认扩展名

    ofn.lCustData = ;

    ofn.lpfnHook = NULL;

    ofn.lpTemplateName = NULL;

}

BOOL DibFileOpenDlg(HWND hwnd, PTSTR pstrFileName, PTSTR pstrTitleName)

{

    ofn.hwndOwner = hwnd;

    ofn.lpstrFile = pstrFileName;

    ofn.lpstrFileTitle = pstrTitleName;

    ofn.Flags = ;

    return GetOpenFileName(&ofn);

}

BOOL DibFileSaveDlg(HWND hwnd, PTSTR pstrFileName, PTSTR pstrTitleName)

{

    ofn.hwndOwner = hwnd;

    ofn.lpstrFile = pstrFileName;

    ofn.lpstrFileTitle = pstrTitleName;

    ofn.Flags = OFN_OVERWRITEPROMPT;

    return GetSaveFileName(&ofn);

}

BITMAPFILEHEADER*  DibLoadImage(PTSTR pstrFileName)

{

    BOOL                bSuccess;

    DWORD               dwFileSize, dwHighSize, dwBytesRead;

    HANDLE              hFile;

    BITMAPFILEHEADER*   pbmfh;

    hFile = CreateFile(pstrFileName, GENERIC_READ, FILE_SHARE_READ, NULL,

                       OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_FLAG_SEQUENTIAL_SCAN, NULL);

    if (hFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)

        return NULL;

    //返回文件大小的低位字，保存在dwFileSize中，高位字保存在dwHighSize中

    dwFileSize = GetFileSize(hFile, &dwHighSize);

    if (dwHighSize)  //文件太大，超过4G则dwHighSize不为0，退出

    {

        CloseHandle(hFile);

        return NULL;

    }

    //为位图文件分配内存，内存指针由文件头指针保管

    pbmfh = malloc(dwFileSize);

    if (!pbmfh)

    {

        CloseHandle(hFile);

        return NULL;

    }

    //读位图文件到内存

    bSuccess = ReadFile(hFile, pbmfh, dwFileSize, &dwBytesRead, NULL);

    CloseHandle(hFile);

    if ((!bSuccess) || (dwBytesRead != dwFileSize) ||

        (pbmfh->bfType != *(WORD*)"BM") ||   //位图标志“BM”

        (pbmfh->bfSize != dwFileSize))

    {

        free(pbmfh);

        return NULL;

    }

    return pbmfh;

}

BOOL               DibSaveImage(PTSTR pstrFileName, BITMAPFILEHEADER* pbmfh)

{

    BOOL     bSuccess;

    DWORD    dwBytesWritten;

    HANDLE   hFile;

    hFile = CreateFile(pstrFileName, GENERIC_WRITE, , NULL,

                       CREATE_ALWAYS, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);

    if (hFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)

        return FALSE;

    bSuccess = WriteFile(hFile, pbmfh, pbmfh->bfSize, &dwBytesWritten, NULL);

    CloseHandle(hFile);

    if ((!bSuccess) || (dwBytesWritten != pbmfh->bfSize))

    {

        DeleteFile(pstrFileName);

        return FALSE;

    }

    return TRUE;

}

//resource.h

//{{NO_DEPENDENCIES}}

// Microsoft Visual C++ 生成的包含文件。

// 供 DIBHeads.rc 使用

//

#define IDM_FILE_OPEN                   101

// Next default values for new objects

//

#ifdef APSTUDIO_INVOKED

#ifndef APSTUDIO_READONLY_SYMBOLS

#define _APS_NEXT_RESOURCE_VALUE        103

#define _APS_NEXT_COMMAND_VALUE         40004

#define _APS_NEXT_CONTROL_VALUE         1001

#define _APS_NEXT_SYMED_VALUE           101

#endif

#endif

// Microsoft Visual C++ generated resource script.

//

#include "resource.h"

#define APSTUDIO_READONLY_SYMBOLS

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

//

// Generated from the TEXTINCLUDE 2 resource.

//

#include "winres.h"

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#undef APSTUDIO_READONLY_SYMBOLS

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

// 中文(简体，中国) resources

#if !defined(AFX_RESOURCE_DLL) || defined(AFX_TARG_CHS)

LANGUAGE LANG_CHINESE, SUBLANG_CHINESE_SIMPLIFIED

#ifdef APSTUDIO_INVOKED

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

//

// TEXTINCLUDE

//

 TEXTINCLUDE

BEGIN

"resource.h\0"

END

 TEXTINCLUDE

BEGIN

"#include ""winres.h""\r\n"

"\0"

END

 TEXTINCLUDE

BEGIN

"\r\n"

"\0"

END

#endif    // APSTUDIO_INVOKED

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

//

// Menu

//

DIBHEADS MENU

BEGIN

POPUP "&File"

BEGIN

MENUITEM "&Open...\tCtrl+O", IDM_FILE_OPEN

END

END

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

//

// Accelerator

//

DIBHEADS ACCELERATORS

BEGIN

"^O", IDM_FILE_OPEN, ASCII, NOINVERT

END

#endif    // 中文(简体，中国) resources

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#ifndef APSTUDIO_INVOKED

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

//

// Generated from the TEXTINCLUDE 3 resource.

//

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#endif    // not APSTUDIO_INVOKED