I2C子系统之驱动SSD1306 OLED

2022-06-14 07:43:00

理解I2C设备驱动框架，主要围绕四个结构体去分析就容易了。

struct i2c_algorithm：提供I2C协议的实现的操作，如：master_xfer实现数据收发的最基本方法。

struct i2c_adapter：每一个i2c_adapter都代表一个I2C物理接口，一个cpu可以有多个I2C接口（i2c_adapter），i2c_algorithm就是为i2c_adapter提供I2C协议的实现。每增加一个i2c接口，即是向i2c_bus_type (i2c_core.c)注册一个i2c_adapter

struct i2c_driver：代表着一类I2C从机设备的驱动，比如：at24cxx的驱动，不同类型的I2C从机需要注册不同的i2c_driver，如：ssd1306的驱动不同于at24cxx的驱动。每增加一个类型的I2C从机设备，都要向i2c_bus_type (i2c_core.c)注册一个i2c_driver

struct i2c_client：代表具体的某一个I2C从机设备，如：at24cxx系列的设备，有at24c01，at24c02等，每增加一个at24cxx设备，都要注册一个i2c_client。只有I2C从机设备被探测到，i2c_client才会被注册。

这四者的关系可以分为：i2c_algorithm和i2c_adapter一起驱动I2C总线，i2c_driver和i2c_client一起实现设备驱动。

注：linux目前只支持I2C主机模式。本文引用内核源码中i2c-algo-bit.c和i2c-gpio.c文件来讲解， i2c_driver由驱动开发者根据特定的设备提供，这里引用作者提供的ssd1306.c。i2c-algo-bit.c和i2c-gpio.c共同实现IO模拟I2C。

i2c-algo-bit.c提供了一个i2c_algorithm，i2c-gpio.c提供了一个i2c_adapter。

i2c-algo-bit.c通过以下代码绑定到i2c-gpio.c

i2c-algo-bit.c

 static const struct i2c_algorithm i2c_bit_algo = {

     .master_xfer    = bit_xfer,

     .functionality  = bit_func,

 };

 static int i2c_bit_prepare_bus(struct i2c_adapter *adap)

 {

     ... ...

     adap->algo = &i2c_bit_algo;

     ... ...

     return ;

 }

 int i2c_bit_add_bus(struct i2c_adapter *adap)

 {

     ... ...

     err = i2c_bit_prepare_bus(adap);

     ... ...

     return i2c_add_adapter(adap);

 }

i2c-gpio.c

 static int __init i2c_gpio_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)

 {

     struct i2c_gpio_platform_data *pdata;

     struct i2c_algo_bit_data *bit_data;

     struct i2c_adapter *adap;

     ... ...

     pdata = pdev->dev.platform_data;

     ... ...

     i2c_bit_add_bus(adap);

     ... ...

 }

这里就注册了一个i2c_adapter。

要驱动ssd1306，因此对应地要提供一个i2c_driver，与i2c_adapter建立关系。

ssd1306.c

 static struct i2c_driver ssd1306_driver = {

     .driver = {

             .name   = "ssd1306",

         },

         .id     = I2C_DRIVERID_I2CDEV,

         .attach_adapter = ssd1306_attach_adapter,

         .detach_client  = ssd1306_detach_client,

 };

 static int ssd1306_module_init(void)

 {

     i2c_add_driver(&ssd1306_driver);

     return ;

 }

i2c_driver和i2c_adapter是怎样建立关系的呢？

i2c_bus_type (i2c_core.c)负责桥接i2c_driver和i2c_adapter建立关系，在i2c_driver和i2c_adapter注册的时候，两者都会调用driver->attach_adapter(adapter)

 int i2c_register_driver(struct module *owner, struct i2c_driver *driver)

 {

     ... ...

     driver->attach_adapter(adapter);

     ... ...

     return ;

 }

 static int i2c_register_adapter(struct i2c_adapter *adap)

 {

     ... ...

     driver->attach_adapter(adap);

     ... ...

 }

driver->attach_adapter(adapter)实际上调用

 static int ssd1306_attach_adapter(struct i2c_adapter *adapter)

 {

     return i2c_probe(adapter, &addr_data, ssd1306_detect);

 }

I2c_probe()函数的作用就是，探测是否存在ssd1306这个设备，是怎样探测的呢？就是通过发送从机地址到ssd1306，如果ssd1306返回应答信号，就认为探测到了。

 int i2c_probe(struct i2c_adapter *adapter,

           struct i2c_client_address_data *address_data,

           int (*found_proc) (struct i2c_adapter *, int, int))

 {

     ... ...

     i2c_probe_address(adapter,

                     address_data->probe[i + ],

                     -, found_proc);

     ... ...

 }

代码太多，简化函数调用关系如下：

 i2c_probe_address()

     i2c_smbus_xfer()

         i2c_smbus_xfer_emulated();

             i2c_transfer();

                 adap->algo->master_xfer(adap,msgs,num);

adap->algo->master_xfer(adap,msgs,num);实际调用的是bit_xfer()

探测到ssd1306后，其实也就说明了探测到的I2C地址有效，还需要注册一个描述SSD1306的i2c_client。

 static int ssd1306_detect(struct i2c_adapter *adapter, int address, int kind)

 {

     printk("ssd1306_detect\n");

     ssd1306_client = kzalloc(sizeof(struct i2c_client), GFP_KERNEL);

     ssd1306_client->addr    = address;

     ssd1306_client->adapter = adapter;

     ssd1306_client->driver  = &ssd1306_driver;

     strcpy(ssd1306_client->name, "ssd1306");

     i2c_attach_client(ssd1306_client);

     ... ...

 }

先转下话题。

在i2c-gpio.c中，

 static int __init i2c_gpio_init(void)

 {

     ... ...

     ret = platform_driver_probe(&i2c_gpio_driver, i2c_gpio_probe);

     ... ...

 }

这里实际上是注册了一个platform_driver，我们还要对应的为他注册一个platform_device，

这个platform_device提供了硬件相关的设置，如指定那两个io口为SCL和SDA。

I2c_gpio_dev.c中

 static struct i2c_gpio_platform_data i2c_dev = {

     .sda_pin = S3C2410_GPG6,

     .scl_pin = S3C2410_GPG5,

     .udelay = ,

     .timeout = ,

     .sda_is_open_drain = ,

     .scl_is_open_drain = ,

     .scl_is_output_only =

 };

 static struct platform_device i2c_platform_dev = {

     .name         = "i2c-gpio",

     .id           = -,

     .dev = {

         .release = i2c_dev_release,

         .platform_data = (void *)&i2c_dev,

     },

 };

 static int i2c_dev_init(void)

 {

     platform_device_register(&i2c_platform_dev);

     return ;

 }

如果platform_device和platform_driver匹配，就会调用i2c_gpio_probe()

 static int __init i2c_gpio_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)

 {

     struct i2c_gpio_platform_data *pdata;

     struct i2c_algo_bit_data *bit_data;

     struct i2c_adapter *adap;

     ... ...

     pdata = pdev->dev.platform_data;

     ... ...

     i2c_bit_add_bus(adap);

     ... ...

 }

只有platform_device和platform_driver匹配才能注册i2c_adapter。

到这里，就可以操作ssd1306了。ssd1306写一个字节的操作：

 static void ssd1306_write_byte(uint8_t chData, uint8_t chCmd)

 {

     uint8_t cmd = 0x00;

     if (chCmd) {

         cmd = 0x40;

     } else {

         cmd = 0x00;

     }

     i2c_smbus_write_byte_data(ssd1306_client, cmd, chData);

 }

实际上调用了i2c_smbus_write_byte_data()

I2c_core.c提供了几个I2C的读写函数：

 s32 i2c_smbus_write_byte_data(struct i2c_client *client, u8 command, u8 value);

 s32 i2c_smbus_read_word_data(struct i2c_client *client, u8 command);

 ... ...

 s32 i2c_smbus_read_i2c_block_data(struct i2c_client *client, u8 command, u8 *values);

 s32 i2c_smbus_write_i2c_block_data(struct i2c_client *client, u8 command,

                    u8 length, const u8 *values)

运行代码

注：由于源码的i2c-gpio-bit.c只支持具有开漏输入输出功能的IO模拟I2C，而我的开发板已经没有具有开漏输入输出功能的IO了，只能使用普通的上啦输入输出IO，对SDA的读写操作，需要切换输入输出方向。因此我把i2c-gpio-bit.c改成普通IO操作SDA，命名为my-i2c-gpio-bit.c，同时i2c-gpio-bit.h和i2c-gpio.c也要做相应改动，分别改为my-i2c-gpio-bit.h和my-i2c-gpio.c。如果使用具有开漏输入输出功能的IO，可以直接使用i2c-gpio-bit.c，i2c-gpio-bit.h，i2c-gpio.c。

代码

i2c_gpio_dev.c

 #include <linux/module.h>

 #include <linux/version.h>

 #include <linux/init.h>

 #include <linux/kernel.h>

 #include <linux/types.h>

 #include <linux/interrupt.h>

 #include <linux/list.h>

 #include <linux/timer.h>

 #include <linux/init.h>

 #include <linux/serial_core.h>

 #include <linux/platform_device.h>

 #include <linux/gpio_keys.h>

 #include <linux/input.h>

 #include <linux/irq.h>

 #include <linux/i2c-gpio.h>

 #include <asm/gpio.h>

 #include <asm/io.h>

 #include <asm/arch/regs-gpio.h>

 /* [cgw]:  */

 static struct i2c_gpio_platform_data i2c_dev = {

     .sda_pin = S3C2410_GPG6,

     .scl_pin = S3C2410_GPG5,

     .udelay = ,

     .timeout = ,

     .sda_is_open_drain = ,

     .scl_is_open_drain = ,

     .scl_is_output_only =

 };

 static void i2c_dev_release(struct device * dev)

 {

     printk("i2c_dev_release! \n");

 }

 /* [cgw]: 分配一个平台设备 */

 static struct platform_device i2c_platform_dev = {

     .name         = "i2c-gpio",

     .id           = -,

     .dev = {

         .release = i2c_dev_release,

         .platform_data = (void *)&i2c_dev,

     },

 };

 static int i2c_dev_init(void)

 {

     /* [cgw]: 注册i2c_platform_dev平台设备 */

     platform_device_register(&i2c_platform_dev);

     return ;

 }

 static void i2c_dev_exit(void)

 {

     /* [cgw]: 注销i2c_platform_dev平台设备 */

     platform_device_unregister(&i2c_platform_dev);

 }

 module_init(i2c_dev_init);

 module_exit(i2c_dev_exit);

 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

ssd1306.c

 #include <linux/kernel.h>

 #include <linux/init.h>

 #include <linux/module.h>

 #include <linux/slab.h>

 #include <linux/jiffies.h>

 #include <linux/i2c.h>

 #include <linux/mutex.h>

 #include <linux/fs.h>

 #include <asm/uaccess.h>

 #define SSD1306_CMD    0

 #define SSD1306_DAT    1

 #define SSD1306_WIDTH    128

 #define SSD1306_HEIGHT   64

 static uint8_t s_chDispalyBuffer[][];

 const uint8_t c_chFont1608[][] = {

 {0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*" ",0*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0xCC,0x00,0x0C,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"!",1*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x30,0x00,0x60,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x30,0x00,0x60,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*""",2*/

 {0x02,0x20,0x03,0xFC,0x1E,0x20,0x02,0x20,0x03,0xFC,0x1E,0x20,0x02,0x20,0x00,0x00},/*"#",3*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x0E,0x18,0x11,0x04,0x3F,0xFF,0x10,0x84,0x0C,0x78,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"$",4*/

 {0x0F,0x00,0x10,0x84,0x0F,0x38,0x00,0xC0,0x07,0x78,0x18,0x84,0x00,0x78,0x00,0x00},/*"%",5*/

 {0x00,0x78,0x0F,0x84,0x10,0xC4,0x11,0x24,0x0E,0x98,0x00,0xE4,0x00,0x84,0x00,0x08},/*"&",6*/

 {0x08,0x00,0x68,0x00,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"'",7*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x07,0xE0,0x18,0x18,0x20,0x04,0x40,0x02,0x00,0x00},/*"(",8*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x40,0x02,0x20,0x04,0x18,0x18,0x07,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*")",9*/

 {0x02,0x40,0x02,0x40,0x01,0x80,0x0F,0xF0,0x01,0x80,0x02,0x40,0x02,0x40,0x00,0x00},/*"*",10*/

 {0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x0F,0xF8,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x00},/*"+",11*/

 {0x00,0x01,0x00,0x0D,0x00,0x0E,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*",",12*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80},/*"-",13*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0C,0x00,0x0C,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*".",14*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x00,0x06,0x00,0x18,0x00,0x60,0x01,0x80,0x06,0x00,0x18,0x00,0x20,0x00},/*"/",15*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x07,0xF0,0x08,0x08,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x04,0x08,0x08,0x07,0xF0,0x00,0x00},/*"0",16*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x08,0x04,0x08,0x04,0x1F,0xFC,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"1",17*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x0E,0x0C,0x10,0x14,0x10,0x24,0x10,0x44,0x11,0x84,0x0E,0x0C,0x00,0x00},/*"2",18*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x0C,0x18,0x10,0x04,0x11,0x04,0x11,0x04,0x12,0x88,0x0C,0x70,0x00,0x00},/*"3",19*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x00,0xE0,0x03,0x20,0x04,0x24,0x08,0x24,0x1F,0xFC,0x00,0x24,0x00,0x00},/*"4",20*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x98,0x10,0x84,0x11,0x04,0x11,0x04,0x10,0x88,0x10,0x70,0x00,0x00},/*"5",21*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x07,0xF0,0x08,0x88,0x11,0x04,0x11,0x04,0x18,0x88,0x00,0x70,0x00,0x00},/*"6",22*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x1C,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x10,0xFC,0x13,0x00,0x1C,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"7",23*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x0E,0x38,0x11,0x44,0x10,0x84,0x10,0x84,0x11,0x44,0x0E,0x38,0x00,0x00},/*"8",24*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x07,0x00,0x08,0x8C,0x10,0x44,0x10,0x44,0x08,0x88,0x07,0xF0,0x00,0x00},/*"9",25*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x03,0x0C,0x03,0x0C,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*":",26*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x01,0x06,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*";",27*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x01,0x40,0x02,0x20,0x04,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x10,0x04,0x00,0x00},/*"<",28*/

 {0x02,0x20,0x02,0x20,0x02,0x20,0x02,0x20,0x02,0x20,0x02,0x20,0x02,0x20,0x00,0x00},/*"=",29*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x10,0x04,0x08,0x08,0x04,0x10,0x02,0x20,0x01,0x40,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x00},/*">",30*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x0E,0x00,0x12,0x00,0x10,0x0C,0x10,0x6C,0x10,0x80,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"?",31*/

 {0x03,0xE0,0x0C,0x18,0x13,0xE4,0x14,0x24,0x17,0xC4,0x08,0x28,0x07,0xD0,0x00,0x00},/*"@",32*/

 {0x00,0x04,0x00,0x3C,0x03,0xC4,0x1C,0x40,0x07,0x40,0x00,0xE4,0x00,0x1C,0x00,0x04},/*"A",33*/

 {0x10,0x04,0x1F,0xFC,0x11,0x04,0x11,0x04,0x11,0x04,0x0E,0x88,0x00,0x70,0x00,0x00},/*"B",34*/

 {0x03,0xE0,0x0C,0x18,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x08,0x1C,0x10,0x00,0x00},/*"C",35*/

 {0x10,0x04,0x1F,0xFC,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x04,0x08,0x08,0x07,0xF0,0x00,0x00},/*"D",36*/

 {0x10,0x04,0x1F,0xFC,0x11,0x04,0x11,0x04,0x17,0xC4,0x10,0x04,0x08,0x18,0x00,0x00},/*"E",37*/

 {0x10,0x04,0x1F,0xFC,0x11,0x04,0x11,0x00,0x17,0xC0,0x10,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"F",38*/

 {0x03,0xE0,0x0C,0x18,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x44,0x1C,0x78,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x00},/*"G",39*/

 {0x10,0x04,0x1F,0xFC,0x10,0x84,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x10,0x84,0x1F,0xFC,0x10,0x04},/*"H",40*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x04,0x1F,0xFC,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"I",41*/

 {0x00,0x03,0x00,0x01,0x10,0x01,0x10,0x01,0x1F,0xFE,0x10,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"J",42*/

 {0x10,0x04,0x1F,0xFC,0x11,0x04,0x03,0x80,0x14,0x64,0x18,0x1C,0x10,0x04,0x00,0x00},/*"K",43*/

 {0x10,0x04,0x1F,0xFC,0x10,0x04,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x0C,0x00,0x00},/*"L",44*/

 {0x10,0x04,0x1F,0xFC,0x1F,0x00,0x00,0xFC,0x1F,0x00,0x1F,0xFC,0x10,0x04,0x00,0x00},/*"M",45*/

 {0x10,0x04,0x1F,0xFC,0x0C,0x04,0x03,0x00,0x00,0xE0,0x10,0x18,0x1F,0xFC,0x10,0x00},/*"N",46*/

 {0x07,0xF0,0x08,0x08,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x04,0x08,0x08,0x07,0xF0,0x00,0x00},/*"O",47*/

 {0x10,0x04,0x1F,0xFC,0x10,0x84,0x10,0x80,0x10,0x80,0x10,0x80,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"P",48*/

 {0x07,0xF0,0x08,0x18,0x10,0x24,0x10,0x24,0x10,0x1C,0x08,0x0A,0x07,0xF2,0x00,0x00},/*"Q",49*/

 {0x10,0x04,0x1F,0xFC,0x11,0x04,0x11,0x00,0x11,0xC0,0x11,0x30,0x0E,0x0C,0x00,0x04},/*"R",50*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x0E,0x1C,0x11,0x04,0x10,0x84,0x10,0x84,0x10,0x44,0x1C,0x38,0x00,0x00},/*"S",51*/

 {0x18,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x10,0x04,0x1F,0xFC,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x00,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"T",52*/

 {0x10,0x00,0x1F,0xF8,0x10,0x04,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x04,0x10,0x04,0x1F,0xF8,0x10,0x00},/*"U",53*/

 {0x10,0x00,0x1E,0x00,0x11,0xE0,0x00,0x1C,0x00,0x70,0x13,0x80,0x1C,0x00,0x10,0x00},/*"V",54*/

 {0x1F,0xC0,0x10,0x3C,0x00,0xE0,0x1F,0x00,0x00,0xE0,0x10,0x3C,0x1F,0xC0,0x00,0x00},/*"W",55*/

 {0x10,0x04,0x18,0x0C,0x16,0x34,0x01,0xC0,0x01,0xC0,0x16,0x34,0x18,0x0C,0x10,0x04},/*"X",56*/

 {0x10,0x00,0x1C,0x00,0x13,0x04,0x00,0xFC,0x13,0x04,0x1C,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"Y",57*/

 {0x08,0x04,0x10,0x1C,0x10,0x64,0x10,0x84,0x13,0x04,0x1C,0x04,0x10,0x18,0x00,0x00},/*"Z",58*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7F,0xFE,0x40,0x02,0x40,0x02,0x40,0x02,0x00,0x00},/*"[",59*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x30,0x00,0x0C,0x00,0x03,0x80,0x00,0x60,0x00,0x1C,0x00,0x03,0x00,0x00},/*"\",60*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x40,0x02,0x40,0x02,0x40,0x02,0x7F,0xFE,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"]",61*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"^",62*/

 {0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01},/*"_",63*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"`",64*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x00,0x98,0x01,0x24,0x01,0x44,0x01,0x44,0x01,0x44,0x00,0xFC,0x00,0x04},/*"a",65*/

 {0x10,0x00,0x1F,0xFC,0x00,0x88,0x01,0x04,0x01,0x04,0x00,0x88,0x00,0x70,0x00,0x00},/*"b",66*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x00,0x70,0x00,0x88,0x01,0x04,0x01,0x04,0x01,0x04,0x00,0x88,0x00,0x00},/*"c",67*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x00,0x70,0x00,0x88,0x01,0x04,0x01,0x04,0x11,0x08,0x1F,0xFC,0x00,0x04},/*"d",68*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x00,0xF8,0x01,0x44,0x01,0x44,0x01,0x44,0x01,0x44,0x00,0xC8,0x00,0x00},/*"e",69*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x01,0x04,0x01,0x04,0x0F,0xFC,0x11,0x04,0x11,0x04,0x11,0x00,0x18,0x00},/*"f",70*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x00,0xD6,0x01,0x29,0x01,0x29,0x01,0x29,0x01,0xC9,0x01,0x06,0x00,0x00},/*"g",71*/

 {0x10,0x04,0x1F,0xFC,0x00,0x84,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x04,0x00,0xFC,0x00,0x04},/*"h",72*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x01,0x04,0x19,0x04,0x19,0xFC,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"i",73*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x00,0x03,0x00,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x19,0x01,0x19,0xFE,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"j",74*/

 {0x10,0x04,0x1F,0xFC,0x00,0x24,0x00,0x40,0x01,0xB4,0x01,0x0C,0x01,0x04,0x00,0x00},/*"k",75*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x04,0x1F,0xFC,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"l",76*/

 {0x01,0x04,0x01,0xFC,0x01,0x04,0x01,0x00,0x01,0xFC,0x01,0x04,0x01,0x00,0x00,0xFC},/*"m",77*/

 {0x01,0x04,0x01,0xFC,0x00,0x84,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x04,0x00,0xFC,0x00,0x04},/*"n",78*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x00,0xF8,0x01,0x04,0x01,0x04,0x01,0x04,0x01,0x04,0x00,0xF8,0x00,0x00},/*"o",79*/

 {0x01,0x01,0x01,0xFF,0x00,0x85,0x01,0x04,0x01,0x04,0x00,0x88,0x00,0x70,0x00,0x00},/*"p",80*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x00,0x70,0x00,0x88,0x01,0x04,0x01,0x04,0x01,0x05,0x01,0xFF,0x00,0x01},/*"q",81*/

 {0x01,0x04,0x01,0x04,0x01,0xFC,0x00,0x84,0x01,0x04,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x80,0x00,0x00},/*"r",82*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x00,0xCC,0x01,0x24,0x01,0x24,0x01,0x24,0x01,0x24,0x01,0x98,0x00,0x00},/*"s",83*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x07,0xF8,0x01,0x04,0x01,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"t",84*/

 {0x01,0x00,0x01,0xF8,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x04,0x01,0x08,0x01,0xFC,0x00,0x04},/*"u",85*/

 {0x01,0x00,0x01,0x80,0x01,0x70,0x00,0x0C,0x00,0x10,0x01,0x60,0x01,0x80,0x01,0x00},/*"v",86*/

 {0x01,0xF0,0x01,0x0C,0x00,0x30,0x01,0xC0,0x00,0x30,0x01,0x0C,0x01,0xF0,0x01,0x00},/*"w",87*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x01,0x04,0x01,0x8C,0x00,0x74,0x01,0x70,0x01,0x8C,0x01,0x04,0x00,0x00},/*"x",88*/

 {0x01,0x01,0x01,0x81,0x01,0x71,0x00,0x0E,0x00,0x18,0x01,0x60,0x01,0x80,0x01,0x00},/*"y",89*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x01,0x84,0x01,0x0C,0x01,0x34,0x01,0x44,0x01,0x84,0x01,0x0C,0x00,0x00},/*"z",90*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x3E,0xFC,0x40,0x02,0x40,0x02},/*"{",91*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"|",92*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x40,0x02,0x40,0x02,0x3E,0xFC,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"}",93*/

 {0x00,0x00,0x60,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x20,0x00},/*"~",94*/

 };

 static unsigned short normal_i2c[] = { 0x3C, I2C_CLIENT_END };

 I2C_CLIENT_INSMOD_1(ssd1306);

 static int ssd1306_attach_adapter(struct i2c_adapter *adapter);

 static int ssd1306_detach_client(struct i2c_client *client);

 static struct i2c_driver ssd1306_driver = {

     .driver = {

             .name    = "ssd1306",

         },

         .id     = I2C_DRIVERID_I2CDEV,

         .attach_adapter = ssd1306_attach_adapter,

         .detach_client    = ssd1306_detach_client,

 };

 struct i2c_client *ssd1306_client;

 static void ssd1306_write_byte(uint8_t chData, uint8_t chCmd)

 {

     uint8_t cmd = 0x00;

     if (chCmd) {

         cmd = 0x40;

     } else {

         cmd = 0x00;

     }

     i2c_smbus_write_byte_data(ssd1306_client, cmd, chData);

 }

 void ssd1306_display_on(void)

 {

     ssd1306_write_byte(0x8D, SSD1306_CMD);

     ssd1306_write_byte(0x14, SSD1306_CMD);

     ssd1306_write_byte(0xAF, SSD1306_CMD);

 }

 /**

   * @brief  OLED turns off

   *

   * @param  None

   *

   * @retval  None

 **/

 void ssd1306_display_off(void)

 {

     ssd1306_write_byte(0x8D, SSD1306_CMD);

     ssd1306_write_byte(0x10, SSD1306_CMD);

     ssd1306_write_byte(0xAE, SSD1306_CMD);

 }

 void ssd1306_refresh_gram(void)

 {

     uint8_t i, j;

     for (i = ; i < ; i ++) {

         ssd1306_write_byte(0xB0 + i, SSD1306_CMD);

         ssd1306_write_byte(0x02, SSD1306_CMD);

         ssd1306_write_byte(0x10, SSD1306_CMD);

         for (j = ; j < ; j ++) {

             ssd1306_write_byte(s_chDispalyBuffer[j][i], SSD1306_DAT);

         }

     }

 }

 void ssd1306_clear_screen(uint8_t chFill)

 {

     memset(s_chDispalyBuffer,chFill, sizeof(s_chDispalyBuffer));

     ssd1306_refresh_gram();

 }

 /**

   * @brief  Draws a piont on the screen

   *

   * @param  chXpos: Specifies the X position

   * @param  chYpos: Specifies the Y position

   * @param  chPoint: 0: the point turns off    1: the piont turns on

   *

   * @retval None

 **/

 void ssd1306_draw_point(uint8_t chXpos, uint8_t chYpos, uint8_t chPoint)

 {

     uint8_t chPos, chBx, chTemp = ;

     if (chXpos >  || chYpos > ) {

         return;

     }

     chPos =  - chYpos / ; //

     chBx = chYpos % ;

     chTemp =  << ( - chBx);

     if (chPoint) {

         s_chDispalyBuffer[chXpos][chPos] |= chTemp;

     } else {

         s_chDispalyBuffer[chXpos][chPos] &= ~chTemp;

     }

 }

 /**

   * @brief  Fills a rectangle

   *

   * @param  chXpos1: Specifies the X position 1 (X top left position)

   * @param  chYpos1: Specifies the Y position 1 (Y top left position)

   * @param  chXpos2: Specifies the X position 2 (X bottom right position)

   * @param  chYpos3: Specifies the Y position 2 (Y bottom right position)

   *

   * @retval

 **/

 void ssd1306_fill_screen(uint8_t chXpos1, uint8_t chYpos1, uint8_t chXpos2, uint8_t chYpos2, uint8_t chDot)

 {

     uint8_t chXpos, chYpos; 

     for (chXpos = chXpos1; chXpos <= chXpos2; chXpos ++) {

         for (chYpos = chYpos1; chYpos <= chYpos2; chYpos ++) {

             ssd1306_draw_point(chXpos, chYpos, chDot);

         }

     }    

     ssd1306_refresh_gram();

 }

 /**

   * @brief Displays one character at the specified position

   *

   * @param  chXpos: Specifies the X position

   * @param  chYpos: Specifies the Y position

   * @param  chSize:

   * @param  chMode

   * @retval

 **/

 void ssd1306_display_char(uint8_t chXpos, uint8_t chYpos, uint8_t chChr, uint8_t chSize, uint8_t chMode)

 {

     uint8_t i, j;

     uint8_t chTemp, chYpos0 = chYpos;

     chChr = chChr - ' ';

     for (i = ; i < chSize; i ++) {

         if (chMode) {

             chTemp = c_chFont1608[chChr][i];

         } else {

             chTemp = ~c_chFont1608[chChr][i];

         }

         for (j = ; j < ; j ++) {

             if (chTemp & 0x80) {

                 ssd1306_draw_point(chXpos, chYpos, );

             } else {

                 ssd1306_draw_point(chXpos, chYpos, );

             }

             chTemp <<= ;

             chYpos ++;

             if ((chYpos - chYpos0) == chSize) {

                 chYpos = chYpos0;

                 chXpos ++;

                 break;

             }

         }

     }

 }    

 /**

   * @brief  Displays a string on the screen

   *

   * @param  chXpos: Specifies the X position

   * @param  chYpos: Specifies the Y position

   * @param  pchString: Pointer to a string to display on the screen

   *

   * @retval  None

 **/

 void ssd1306_display_string(uint8_t chXpos, uint8_t chYpos, const uint8_t *pchString, uint8_t chSize, uint8_t chMode)

 {

     while (*pchString != '\0') {

         if (chXpos > (SSD1306_WIDTH - chSize / )) {

             chXpos = ;

             chYpos += chSize;

             if (chYpos > (SSD1306_HEIGHT - chSize)) {

                 chYpos = chXpos = ;

                 ssd1306_clear_screen(0x00);

             }

         }

         ssd1306_display_char(chXpos, chYpos, *pchString, chSize, chMode);

         chXpos += chSize / ;

         pchString ++;

     }

 }

 void ssd1306_init(void)

 {

     ssd1306_write_byte(0xAE, SSD1306_CMD);//--turn off oled panel

     ssd1306_write_byte(0x00, SSD1306_CMD);//---set low column address

     ssd1306_write_byte(0x10, SSD1306_CMD);//---set high column address

     ssd1306_write_byte(0x40, SSD1306_CMD);//--set start line address  Set Mapping RAM Display Start Line (0x00~0x3F)

     ssd1306_write_byte(0x81, SSD1306_CMD);//--set contrast control register

     ssd1306_write_byte(0xCF, SSD1306_CMD);// Set SEG Output Current Brightness

     ssd1306_write_byte(0xA1, SSD1306_CMD);//--Set SEG/Column Mapping

     ssd1306_write_byte(0xC0, SSD1306_CMD);//Set COM/Row Scan Direction

     ssd1306_write_byte(0xA6, SSD1306_CMD);//--set normal display

     ssd1306_write_byte(0xA8, SSD1306_CMD);//--set multiplex ratio(1 to 64)

     ssd1306_write_byte(0x3f, SSD1306_CMD);//--1/64 duty

     ssd1306_write_byte(0xD3, SSD1306_CMD);//-set display offset    Shift Mapping RAM Counter (0x00~0x3F)

     ssd1306_write_byte(0x00, SSD1306_CMD);//-not offset

     ssd1306_write_byte(0xd5, SSD1306_CMD);//--set display clock divide ratio/oscillator frequency

     ssd1306_write_byte(0x80, SSD1306_CMD);//--set divide ratio, Set Clock as 100 Frames/Sec

     ssd1306_write_byte(0xD9, SSD1306_CMD);//--set pre-charge period

     ssd1306_write_byte(0xF1, SSD1306_CMD);//Set Pre-Charge as 15 Clocks & Discharge as 1 Clock

     ssd1306_write_byte(0xDA, SSD1306_CMD);//--set com pins hardware configuration

     ssd1306_write_byte(0x12, SSD1306_CMD);

     ssd1306_write_byte(0xDB, SSD1306_CMD);//--set vcomh

     ssd1306_write_byte(0x40, SSD1306_CMD);//Set VCOM Deselect Level

     ssd1306_write_byte(0x20, SSD1306_CMD);//-Set Page Addressing Mode (0x00/0x01/0x02)

     ssd1306_write_byte(0x02, SSD1306_CMD);//

     ssd1306_write_byte(0x8D, SSD1306_CMD);//--set Charge Pump enable/disable

     ssd1306_write_byte(0x14, SSD1306_CMD);//--set(0x10) disable

     ssd1306_write_byte(0xA4, SSD1306_CMD);// Disable Entire Display On (0xa4/0xa5)

     ssd1306_write_byte(0xA6, SSD1306_CMD);// Disable Inverse Display On (0xa6/a7)

     ssd1306_write_byte(0xAF, SSD1306_CMD);//--turn on oled panel

     ssd1306_display_on();

     ssd1306_clear_screen(0xff);

 }

 static int ssd1306_detect(struct i2c_adapter *adapter, int address, int kind)

 {

     printk("ssd1306_detect\n");

     ssd1306_client = kzalloc(sizeof(struct i2c_client), GFP_KERNEL);

     ssd1306_client->addr    = address;

     ssd1306_client->adapter = adapter;

     ssd1306_client->driver  = &ssd1306_driver;

     strcpy(ssd1306_client->name, "ssd1306");

     i2c_attach_client(ssd1306_client);

     ssd1306_init();

     ssd1306_clear_screen(0x00);

     ssd1306_display_off();

     ssd1306_display_string(, , "hello, Linux!", , );

     ssd1306_display_string(, , "this is an i2c driver demo!", , );

     ssd1306_refresh_gram();

     ssd1306_display_on();

     return ;

 }

 static int ssd1306_attach_adapter(struct i2c_adapter *adapter)

 {

     return i2c_probe(adapter, &addr_data, ssd1306_detect);

 }

 static int ssd1306_detach_client(struct i2c_client *client)

 {

     printk("ssd1306_detach\n");

     ssd1306_display_off();

     ssd1306_clear_screen(0x00);

     i2c_detach_client(client);

     return ;

 }

 static int ssd1306_module_init(void)

 {

     i2c_add_driver(&ssd1306_driver);

     return ;

 }

 static void ssd1306_module_exit(void)

 {

     i2c_del_driver(&ssd1306_driver);

 }

 module_init(ssd1306_module_init);

 module_exit(ssd1306_module_exit);

 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

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