/ etc / network / interfaces中定义的别名接口不能有多个默认网关.不幸的是,我想使用相同的接口访问2个不同的网络,我需要在同一个接口上定义2个地址和2个网关.

此别名接口必须位于eth1接口上,因为eth0用于本地网络.如果我只为主eth1接口定义一个网关,并手动为路由添加默认gw 1.2.3.4为别名eth1：0它可以工作.

但我希望它能在启动时自动正确设置.

这是我的最后一次试用/ etc / network / interfaces：

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# The external network interface, address on university internal network
auto eth1
iface eth1 inet static
    address 172.x.y.33
    netmask 255.255.255.224
    network 172.x.y.32
    broadcast 172.x.y.63
    # dns-* options are implemented by the resolvconf package, if installed
    dns-nameservers x.x.x.x
    dns-search mysite.org
    # multiple gateways are not allowed, so I try to add them like that:
    post-up route add default gw 172.x.y.62 metric 1
    pre-down route del default gw 172.x.y.62

# external interface with external world IP address
auto eth1:0
iface eth1:0 inet static
        address 1.2.3.1
        netmask 255.255.255.128
        network 1.2.3.0
        broadcast 1.2.3.128
    # dns on ensg dns
        dns-nameservers x.x.x.x
        dns-search mysite.org
        # multiple gateways are not allowed, so I try to add them like that:
    post-up route add default gw x.x.x.x metric 2
    pre-down route del default gw x.x.x.x

# internal network for my cluster
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
    address 10.1.1.1
    netmask 255.255.255.0
    network 10.1.1.0
    broadcast 10.1.1.255
    gateway 10.1.1.1
    # dns-* options are implemented by the resolvconf package, if installed
    dns-nameservers 10.1.1.1 127.0.0.1
    dns-search cluster

但是当我尝试调出一个界面时,我会得到：

root@server:~# ifconfig eth1:0 up
SIOCSIFFLAGS: Cannot assign requested address

我自己找不到进一步的解决方案,有没有人有想法？

谢谢,最好的问候.

解：

我终于解决了这个问题：

# The primary network interface
auto eth1
iface eth1 inet static
        address a.b.c.1
        netmask 255.255.255.128
        network a.b.c.0
        broadcast a.b.c.128
        # this is the interface with the default gateway!
        gateway a.b.c.126 
        dns-nameservers a.d.e.f
        dns-search mysite.org

auto eth1:0
iface eth1:0 inet static
    address 172.x.y.33
    netmask 255.255.255.224
    network 172.x.y.32
    broadcast 172.x.y.63
    # multiple gateways are not allowed, so we do it like that
    post-up route add -net 172.x.y.32 netmask 255.255.255.224 gw 172.x.y.62
    pre-down route del -net 172.x.y.32 netmask 255.255.255.224 gw 172.x.y.62



auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
    address 10.1.1.1
    netmask 255.255.255.0
    network 10.1.1.0
    broadcast 10.1.1.255
    # dns-* options are implemented by the resolvconf package, if installed
    dns-nameservers 10.1.1.1 127.0.0.1
    dns-search cluster

解决方法:

此设置不起作用,因为别名接口在传统模式下无法使用网关(aka：/ etc / network / interfaces：

https://wiki.debian.org/NetworkConfiguration#Legacy_method

An alias interface should not have “gateway” or “dns-nameservers”;
dynamic IP assignment is permissible.

如果你使用ip在post-up上定义这条路线怎么样？

ip route通过x.x.x.x dev eth0：1添加默认值

这里唯一的问题是使用iproute你可能需要创建2个规则,每个链接一个,并设置优先级,同时保持默认表为空. LARC是你的朋友 – http://www.lartc.org/howto/lartc.rpdb.multiple-links.html

为什么使用iproute2而不是路由？因为路由,arp,ifconfig和它的朋友都是旧工具并且在deprecated的过程中,但是一些发行版仍然发布它们.