json官方说明参见:http://json.org/
Python操作json的标准api库参考:http://docs.python.org/library/json.html
重要函数
- 编码:把一个Python对象编码转换成Json字符串 json.dumps()
- 解码:把Json格式字符串解码转换成Python对象 json.loads()
>>> import json
>>> info = {
"name":"test",
"age":"",
"sex":"man",
"type":{"name1":"test1","parameter":["",""]}
}
>>> print(type(info))
<class 'dict'>
>>> j = json.dumps(info)
>>> print(j)
{"sex": "man", "type": {"name1": "test1", "parameter": ["", ""]}, "age": "", "name": "test"}
>>> d = json.loads(j)
>>> print(d)
{'age': '', 'type': {'name1': 'test1', 'parameter': ['', '']}, 'sex': 'man', 'name': 'test'}
>>> print(type(d))
<class 'dict'>
sort_keys(对dict对象进行排序,我们知道默认dict是无序存放的)
#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# Author:DCC import json
data1 = {'b':789,'c':456,'a':123}
data2 = {'a':123,'b':789,'c':456}
d1 = json.dumps(data1,sort_keys=True)
d2 = json.dumps(data2)
d3 = json.dumps(data2,sort_keys=True)
print(d1)
print(d2)
print(d3) #运行结果
{"a": 123, "b": 789, "c": 456}
{"b": 789, "a": 123, "c": 456}
{"a": 123, "b": 789, "c": 456}
indent 解码缩进
#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# Author:DCC data1 = {'b':789,'c':456,'a':123}
d1 = json.dumps(data1,sort_keys=True,indent=4)
d2 = json.dumps(data1,sort_keys=True)
print(d1)
print(d2) #运行结果 {
"a": 123,
"b": 789,
"c": 456
}
{"a": 123, "b": 789, "c": 456}
用于序列化的两个模块
- json,用于字符串 和 python数据类型间进行转换
- pickle,用于python特有的类型 和 python的数据类型间进行转换
Json模块提供了四个功能:dumps、dump、loads、load
pickle模块提供了四个功能:dumps、dump、loads、load