TypeScript、React和webpack结合运用

官方文档:https://www.tslang.cn/docs/handbook/react-&-webpack.html

前提准备

项目结构

demo/
├─ dist/
└─ src/
   └─ components/

初始化

npm init

安装依赖

npm install -g webpack
npm install --save react react-dom @types/react @types/react-dom
npm install --save-dev typescript awesome-typescript-loader source-map-loader
  • 使用@types/前缀表示我们额外要获取React和React-DOM的声明文件;
  • awesome-typescript-loader可以让Webpack使用TypeScript的标准配置文件tsconfig.json编译TypeScript代码;
  • source-map-loader使用TypeScript输出的sourcemap文件来告诉webpack何时生成自己的sourcemaps。这就允许你在调试最终生成的文件时就好像在调试TypeScript源码一样。

配置与文件

demo根目录下创建tsconfig.json,点击这里了解更多配置。

{
    "compilerOptions": {
        "outDir": "./dist/",
        "sourceMap": true,
        "noImplicitAny": true,
        "module": "commonjs",
        "target": "es6",
        "jsx": "react"
    },
    "include": [
        "./src/**/*"
    ]
}

src/components目录下创建一个名为Hello.tsx:

import * as React from "react";

export interface HelloProps { compiler: string; framework: string; }

// ‘HelloProps‘ describes the shape of props.
// State is never set so we use the ‘{}‘ type.
export class Hello extends React.Component<HelloProps, {}> {
    render() {
        return <h1>Hello from {this.props.compiler} and {this.props.framework}!</h1>;
    }
}

src下创建index.tsx

import * as React from "react";
import * as ReactDOM from "react-dom";

import { Hello } from "./components/Hello";

ReactDOM.render(
    <Hello compiler="TypeScript" framework="React" />,
    document.getElementById("root")
);

demo根目录下创建index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8" />
        <title>Hello React!</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div id="root"></div>

        <!-- Dependencies -->
        <script src="./node_modules/react/umd/react.development.js"></script>
        <script src="./node_modules/react-dom/umd/react-dom.development.js"></script>

        <!-- Main -->
        <script src="./dist/bundle.js"></script>
    </body>
</html>

demo根目录下创建webpack.config.js

module.exports = {
    entry: "./src/index.tsx",
    output: {
        filename: "bundle.js",
        path: __dirname + "/dist"
    },
    mode:"development",

    devtool: "source-map",

    resolve: {
        // Add ‘.ts‘ and ‘.tsx‘ as resolvable extensions.
        extensions: [".ts", ".tsx", ".js", ".json"]
    },

    module: {
        rules: [
            // All files with a ‘.ts‘ or ‘.tsx‘ extension will be handled by ‘awesome-typescript-loader‘.
            { test: /\.tsx?$/, loader: "awesome-typescript-loader" },

            // All output ‘.js‘ files will have any sourcemaps re-processed by ‘source-map-loader‘.
            { enforce: "pre", test: /\.js$/, loader: "source-map-loader" }
        ]
    },

    // When importing a module whose path matches one of the following, just
    // assume a corresponding global variable exists and use that instead.
    // This is important because it allows us to avoid bundling all of our
    // dependencies, which allows browsers to cache those libraries between builds.

    //避免把所有的React都放到一个文件里,因为会增加编译时间并且浏览器还能够缓存没有发生改变的库文件
    externals: {
        "react": "React",
        "react-dom": "ReactDOM"
    }
};

执行项目

执行命令

webpack

在浏览器打开index.html

TypeScript、React和webpack结合运用

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