Comparator<Object> comparator = Collator.getInstance(java.util.Locale.CHINA);
CompanyPhonesDto companyPhonesDto = new CompanyPhonesDto();
List<String> companyName = new ArrayList<>();
// 数据列表（查询语句）
List<InsuranceCompany> companies = insuranceCompanyService.list();
// 汉字排序
companies = companies.stream().sorted((p1, p2) -> comparator.compare(p1.getCompanyName(), p2.getCompanyName())).collect(Collectors.toList());

<!-- pinyin4j -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.belerweb</groupId>
    <artifactId>pinyin4j</artifactId>
    <version>2.5.1</version>
</dependency>