刷题142. Linked List Cycle II

一、题目说明

题目142. Linked List Cycle II,判断一个链表是否有环,如果有返回环的第一个元素,否则返回NULL。

这个题目是141. Linked List Cycle的升级版本,难度是Medium!

二、我的解答

最直观的解答就是用一个unordered_map<ListNode*,int> dp来统计节点出现的次数,如果出现2,则这个就是第一个节点。

class Solution{
    public:
        ListNode* detectCycle(ListNode* head){
            if(head==NULL || head->next==NULL){
                return NULL;
            }
            unordered_map<ListNode*,int> dp;
            dp[head] = 1;
            while(head!=NULL && dp[head]<2){
                head = head->next;
                if(dp.count(head)>0){
                    dp[head]++;
                }
            }
            return head;
        }
};

性能:

Runtime: 20 ms, faster than 24.70% of C++ online submissions for Linked List Cycle II.
Memory Usage: 12.5 MB, less than 7.14% of C++ online submissions for Linked List Cycle II.

三、优化措施

不使用额外的空间,就要用上一个题目141. Linked List Cycle的fast,slow双指针法了。

class Solution{
    public:
        ListNode* detectCycle(ListNode* head){
            if(head==NULL || head->next==NULL){
                return NULL;
            }
            ListNode* fast=head,*slow=head;
            while(fast && fast->next){
                fast= fast->next->next;
                slow = slow->next;
                
                if(fast == slow){
                    slow = head;
                    while(fast!=slow){
                        fast = fast->next;
                        slow = slow->next;
                    }
                    return fast;
                } 
            }
        
            return NULL;
        }
};

性能如下:

Runtime: 4 ms, faster than 99.87% of C++ online submissions for Linked List Cycle II.
Memory Usage: 9.9 MB, less than 59.52% of C++ online submissions for Linked List Cycle II.
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