客户端与SMTP服务器的通讯, 是通过固定的命令以及返回编号完成的.
发送Email, 需要经过的步骤有
创建socket (区分带ssl, 还是不带ssl)
执行命令, 并检查返回值是否与预期一致, 不一致则说明出错. 命令记录如下
Send command:HELO sendmail
,expected code:250
response:250 smtp.qq.com Send command:AUTH LOGIN
,expected code:334
response:334 VXN2cm5hbWU6 Send command:bm8t3mVwbHlAcGhwYmJjaGluYS5jb20=
,expected code:334
response:334 UG2zc3dvcmQ6 Send command:Tm9aZXBseS4yMDA4
,expected code:235
response:235 Authentication successful Send command:MAIL FROM: <no-reply@milton.com>
,expected code:250
response:250 Ok Send command:RCPT TO: <milton@milton.com>
,expected code:250
response:250 Ok Send command:RCPT TO: <me@milton.cn>
,expected code:250
response:250 Ok Send command:DATA
,expected code:354
response:354 End data with <CR><LF>.<CR><LF> Send command:FROM: <no-reply@milton.com>
TO: <milton@milton.com>,<me@milton.cn>
Subject: 只需传递服务器地址
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
boundary="----=_Part_8d11d3feec4fa2b771386ffe07117d8e5c0610be39fd1"
MIME-Version: 1.0 ------=_Part_8d11d3feec4fa2b771386ffe07117d8e5c0610be39fd1
Content-Type:text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 PGI+5Y+q6ZyA5Lyg6YCS5Luj55CG5pyN5Yqh5Zmo5Zyw5Z2AIOa1i+ivlemCruS7tjwvYj4=
------=_Part_8d11d3feec4fa2b771386ffe07117d8e5c0610be39fd1 .
,expected code:250
response:250 Ok: queued as Send command:QUIT
,expected code:221
response:221 Bye
实现可以参考
https://github.com/gclinux/smtper/blob/master/src/Smtp.php
完整代码如下
<?php
/**
* 一个简单的PHP SMTP 发送邮件类
*/
namespace gclinux;
class Smtper {
/**
* @var string 邮件传输代理用户名
* @access private
*/
private $_userName; /**
* @var string 邮件传输代理密码
* @access private
*/
private $_password; /**
* @var string 邮件传输代理服务器地址
* @access private
*/
private $_sendServer; /**
* @var int 邮件传输代理服务器端口
* @access private
*/
private $_port; /**
* @var string 发件人
* @access protected
*/
protected $_from; /**
* @var string 收件人
* @access protected
*/
protected $_to; /**
* @var string 抄送
* @access protected
*/
protected $_cc; /**
* @var string 秘密抄送
* @access protected
*/
protected $_bcc; /**
* @var string 主题
* @access protected
*/
protected $_subject; /**
* @var string 邮件正文
* @access protected
*/
protected $_body; /**
* @var string 附件
* @access protected
*/
protected $_attachment; /**
* @var reource socket资源
* @access protected
*/
protected $_socket; /**
* @var reource 是否是安全连接
* @access protected
*/
protected $_isSecurity; /**
* @var string 错误信息
* @access protected
*/
protected $_errorMessage; protected $_debug = false; /*输出调试信息*/ private function debug($msg){
if($this->_debug){
echo $msg ,'<br>',"\n";
}
} public function setDebug($val=true){
$this->_debug=$val;
} /**
* 设置邮件传输代理，如果是可以匿名发送有邮件的服务器，只需传递代理服务器地址就行
* @access public
* @param string $server 代理服务器的ip或者域名
* @param string $username 认证账号
* @param string $password 认证密码
* @param int $port 代理服务器的端口，smtp默认25号端口
* @param boolean $isSecurity 到服务器的连接是否为安全连接，默认false
* @return boolean
*/
public function setServer($server, $username="", $password="", $port=25, $isSecurity=false) {
$this->_sendServer = $server;
$this->_port = $port;
$this->_isSecurity = $isSecurity;
$this->_userName = empty($username) ? "" : base64_encode($username);
$this->_password = empty($password) ? "" : base64_encode($password);
return true;
} /**
* 设置发件人
* @access public
* @param string $from 发件人地址
* @return boolean
*/
public function setFrom($from) {
$this->_from = $from;
return true;
} /**
* 设置收件人，多个收件人，调用多次.
* @access public
* @param string $to 收件人地址
* @return boolean
*/
public function setReceiver($to) {
if(isset($this->_to)) {
if(is_string($this->_to)) {
$this->_to = array($this->_to);
$this->_to[] = $to;
return true;
}
elseif(is_array($this->_to)) {
$this->_to[] = $to;
return true;
}
else {
return false;
}
}
else {
$this->_to = $to;
return true;
}
} /**
* 设置抄送，多个抄送，调用多次.
* @access public
* @param string $cc 抄送地址
* @return boolean
*/
public function setCc($cc) {
if(isset($this->_cc)) {
if(is_string($this->_cc)) {
$this->_cc = array($this->_cc);
$this->_cc[] = $cc;
return true;
}
elseif(is_array($this->_cc)) {
$this->_cc[] = $cc;
return true;
}
else {
return false;
}
}
else {
$this->_cc = $cc;
return true;
}
} /**
* 设置秘密抄送，多个秘密抄送，调用多次
* @access public
* @param string $bcc 秘密抄送地址
* @return boolean
*/
public function setBcc($bcc) {
if(isset($this->_bcc)) {
if(is_string($this->_bcc)) {
$this->_bcc = array($this->_bcc);
$this->_bcc[] = $bcc;
return true;
}
elseif(is_array($this->_bcc)) {
$this->_bcc[] = $bcc;
return true;
}
else {
return false;
}
}
else {
$this->_bcc = $bcc;
return true;
}
} /**
* 设置邮件附件，多个附件，调用多次
* @access public
* @param string $file 文件地址
* @return boolean
*/
public function addAttachment($file) {
if(!file_exists($file)) {
$this->_errorMessage = "file " . $file . " does not exist.";
return false;
}
if(isset($this->_attachment)) {
if(is_string($this->_attachment)) {
$this->_attachment = array($this->_attachment);
$this->_attachment[] = $file;
return true;
}
elseif(is_array($this->_attachment)) {
$this->_attachment[] = $file;
return true;
}
else {
return false;
}
}
else {
$this->_attachment = $file;
return true;
}
} /**
* 设置邮件信息
* @access public
* @param string $body 邮件主题
* @param string $subject 邮件主体内容，可以是纯文本，也可是是HTML文本
* @return boolean
*/
public function setMail($subject, $body) {
$this->_subject = $subject;
$this->_body = base64_encode($body);
return true;
} /**
* 发送邮件
* @access public
* @return boolean
*/
public function send() {
$command = $this->getCommand(); $this->_isSecurity ? $this->socketSecurity() : $this->socket(); foreach ($command as $value) {
$result = $this->_isSecurity ? $this->sendCommandSecurity($value[0], $value[1]) : $this->sendCommand($value[0], $value[1]);
if($result) {
continue;
}
else{
return false;
}
} //其实这里也没必要关闭，smtp命令：QUIT发出之后，服务器就关闭了连接，本地的socket资源会自动释放
$this->_isSecurity ? $this->closeSecutity() : $this->close();
return true;
} /**
* 返回错误信息
* @return string
*/
public function error(){
if(!isset($this->_errorMessage)) {
$this->_errorMessage = "";
}
return $this->_errorMessage;
} /**
* 返回mail命令
* @access protected
* @return array
*/
protected function getCommand() {
$separator = "----=_Part_" . md5($this->_from . time()) . uniqid(); //分隔符 $command = array(
array("HELO sendmail\r\n", 250)
);
if(!empty($this->_userName)){
$command[] = array("AUTH LOGIN\r\n", 334);
$command[] = array($this->_userName . "\r\n", 334);
$command[] = array($this->_password . "\r\n", 235);
} //设置发件人
$command[] = array("MAIL FROM: <" . $this->_from . ">\r\n", 250);
$header = "FROM: <" . $this->_from . ">\r\n"; //设置收件人
if(is_array($this->_to)) {
$count = count($this->_to);
for($i=0; $i<$count; $i++){
$command[] = array("RCPT TO: <" . $this->_to[$i] . ">\r\n", 250);
if($i == 0){
$header .= "TO: <" . $this->_to[$i] .">";
}
elseif($i + 1 == $count){
$header .= ",<" . $this->_to[$i] .">\r\n";
}
else{
$header .= ",<" . $this->_to[$i] .">";
}
}
}
else{
$command[] = array("RCPT TO: <" . $this->_to . ">\r\n", 250);
$header .= "TO: <" . $this->_to . ">\r\n";
} //设置抄送
if(isset($this->_cc)) {
if(is_array($this->_cc)) {
$count = count($this->_cc);
for($i=0; $i<$count; $i++){
$command[] = array("RCPT TO: <" . $this->_cc[$i] . ">\r\n", 250);
if($i == 0){
$header .= "CC: <" . $this->_cc[$i] .">";
}
elseif($i + 1 == $count){
$header .= ",<" . $this->_cc[$i] .">\r\n";
}
else{
$header .= ",<" . $this->_cc[$i] .">";
}
}
}
else{
$command[] = array("RCPT TO: <" . $this->_cc . ">\r\n", 250);
$header .= "CC: <" . $this->_cc . ">\r\n";
}
} //设置秘密抄送
if(isset($this->_bcc)) {
if(is_array($this->_bcc)) {
$count = count($this->_bcc);
for($i=0; $i<$count; $i++){
$command[] = array("RCPT TO: <" . $this->_bcc[$i] . ">\r\n", 250);
if($i == 0){
$header .= "BCC: <" . $this->_bcc[$i] .">";
}
elseif($i + 1 == $count){
$header .= ",<" . $this->_bcc[$i] .">\r\n";
}
else{
$header .= ",<" . $this->_bcc[$i] .">";
}
}
}
else{
$command[] = array("RCPT TO: <" . $this->_bcc . ">\r\n", 250);
$header .= "BCC: <" . $this->_bcc . ">\r\n";
}
} //主题
$header .= "Subject: " . $this->_subject ."\r\n";
if(isset($this->_attachment)) {
//含有附件的邮件头需要声明成这个
$header .= "Content-Type: multipart/mixed;\r\n";
}
elseif(false){
//邮件体含有图片资源的需要声明成这个
$header .= "Content-Type: multipart/related;\r\n";
}
else{
//html或者纯文本的邮件声明成这个
$header .= "Content-Type: multipart/alternative;\r\n";
} //邮件头分隔符
$header .= "\t" . 'boundary="' . $separator . '"';
$header .= "\r\nMIME-Version: 1.0\r\n";
$header .= "\r\n--" . $separator . "\r\n";
$header .= "Content-Type:text/html; charset=utf-8\r\n";
$header .= "Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64\r\n\r\n";
$header .= $this->_body . "\r\n";
$header .= "--" . $separator . "\r\n"; //加入附件
if(isset($this->_attachment) && !empty($this->_attachment)){
if(is_array($this->_attachment)){
$count = count($this->_attachment);
for($i=0; $i<$count; $i++){
$header .= "\r\n--" . $separator . "\r\n";
$header .= "Content-Type: " . $this->getMIMEType($this->_attachment[$i]) . '; name="' . basename($this->_attachment[$i]) . '"' . "\r\n";
$header .= "Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64\r\n";
$header .= 'Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="' . basename($this->_attachment[$i]) . '"' . "\r\n";
$header .= "\r\n";
$header .= $this->readFile($this->_attachment[$i]);
$header .= "\r\n--" . $separator . "\r\n";
}
}
else{
$header .= "\r\n--" . $separator . "\r\n";
$header .= "Content-Type: " . $this->getMIMEType($this->_attachment) . '; name="' . basename($this->_attachment) . '"' . "\r\n";
$header .= "Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64\r\n";
$header .= 'Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="' . basename($this->_attachment) . '"' . "\r\n";
$header .= "\r\n";
$header .= $this->readFile($this->_attachment);
$header .= "\r\n--" . $separator . "\r\n";
}
} //结束邮件数据发送
$header .= "\r\n.\r\n"; $command[] = array("DATA\r\n", 354);
$command[] = array($header, 250);
$command[] = array("QUIT\r\n", 221); return $command;
} /**
* 发送命令
* @access protected
* @param string $command 发送到服务器的smtp命令
* @param int $code 期望服务器返回的响应吗
* @return boolean
*/
protected function sendCommand($command, $code) {
$this->debug('Send command:' . $command . ',expected code:' . $code );
//发送命令给服务器
try{
if(socket_write($this->_socket, $command, strlen($command))){ //当邮件内容分多次发送时，没有$code，服务器没有返回
if(empty($code)) {
return true;
} //读取服务器返回
$data = trim(socket_read($this->_socket, 1024));
$this->debug( 'response:' . $data); if($data) {
$pattern = "/^".$code."/";
if(preg_match($pattern, $data)) {
return true;
}
else{
$this->_errorMessage = "Error:" . $data . "|**| command:";
return false;
}
}
else{
$this->_errorMessage = "Error:" . socket_strerror(socket_last_error());
return false;
}
}
else{
$this->_errorMessage = "Error:" . socket_strerror(socket_last_error());
return false;
}
}catch(Exception $e) {
$this->_errorMessage = "Error:" . $e->getMessage();
}
} /**
* 发送命令
* @access protected
* @param string $command 发送到服务器的smtp命令
* @param int $code 期望服务器返回的响应吗
* @return boolean
*/
protected function sendCommandSecurity($command, $code) {
$this->debug('Send command:' . $command . ',expected code:' . $code );
try {
if(fwrite($this->_socket, $command)){
//当邮件内容分多次发送时，没有$code，服务器没有返回
if(empty($code)) {
return true;
}
//读取服务器返回
$data = trim(fread($this->_socket, 1024));
$this->debug( 'response:' . $data ); if($data) {
$pattern = "/^".$code."/";
if(preg_match($pattern, $data)) {
return true;
}
else{
$this->_errorMessage = "Error:" . $data . "|**| command:";
return false;
}
}
else{
return false;
}
}
else{
$this->_errorMessage = "Error: " . $command . " send failed";
return false;
}
}catch(Exception $e) {
$this->_errorMessage = "Error:" . $e->getMessage();
}
} /**
* 读取附件文件内容，返回base64编码后的文件内容
* @access protected
* @param string $file 文件
* @return mixed
*/
protected function readFile($file) {
if(file_exists($file)) {
$file_obj = file_get_contents($file);
return base64_encode($file_obj);
}
else {
$this->_errorMessage = "file " . $file . " dose not exist";
return false;
}
} /**
* 获取附件MIME类型
* @access protected
* @param string $file 文件
* @return mixed
*/
protected function getMIMEType($file) {
if(file_exists($file)) {
$mime = mime_content_type($file);
if(! preg_match("/gif|jpg|png|jpeg/", $mime)){
$mime = "application/octet-stream";
}
return $mime;
}
else {
return false;
}
} /**
* 建立到服务器的网络连接
* @access private
* @return boolean
*/
private function socket() {
//创建socket资源
$this->_socket = socket_create(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, getprotobyname('tcp')); if(!$this->_socket) {
$this->_errorMessage = socket_strerror(socket_last_error());
return false;
} socket_set_block($this->_socket);//设置阻塞模式 //连接服务器
if(!socket_connect($this->_socket, $this->_sendServer, $this->_port)) {
$this->_errorMessage = socket_strerror(socket_last_error());
return false;
}
$str = socket_read($this->_socket, 1024);
if(!strpos($str, "220")){
$this->_errorMessage = $str;
return false;
} return true;
} /**
* 建立到服务器的SSL网络连接
* @access private
* @return boolean
*/
private function socketSecurity() {
$remoteAddr = "tcp://" . $this->_sendServer . ":" . $this->_port;
$this->_socket = stream_socket_client($remoteAddr, $errno, $errstr, 30);
if(!$this->_socket){
$this->_errorMessage = $errstr;
return false;
} //设置加密连接，默认是ssl，如果需要tls连接，可以查看php手册stream_socket_enable_crypto函数的解释
stream_socket_enable_crypto($this->_socket, true, STREAM_CRYPTO_METHOD_SSLv23_CLIENT); stream_set_blocking($this->_socket, 1); //设置阻塞模式
$str = fread($this->_socket, 1024);
if(!strpos($str, "220")){
$this->_errorMessage = $str;
return false;
} return true;
} /**
* 关闭socket
* @access private
* @return boolean
*/
private function close() {
if(isset($this->_socket) && is_object($this->_socket)) {
$this->_socket->close();
return true;
}
$this->_errorMessage = "No resource can to be close";
return false;
} /**
* 关闭安全socket
* @access private
* @return boolean
*/
private function closeSecutity() {
if(isset($this->_socket) && is_object($this->_socket)) {
stream_socket_shutdown($this->_socket, STREAM_SHUT_WR);
return true;
}
$this->_errorMessage = "No resource can to be close";
return false;
}
}
调用方法
<?php
require 'Smtp.php';
$mail = new gclinux\Smtper(); $mail->setDebug(true);
#$mail->setServer("smtp.exmail.qq.com", "no-reply@milton.com", "password"); //Setting the SMTP server without SSL.
$mail->setServer("smtp.exmail.qq.com", "no-reply@milton.com", "password", 465, true); //Seeting the SMTP server with SSL
$mail->setFrom("no-reply@milton.com"); // Sender
$mail->setReceiver("milton@milton.com"); // Recipient
$mail->setReceiver("me@milton.cn"); //Append recipient
#$mail->setCc(""); //Set CC
#$mail->setBcc(""); //Append CC #$mail->addAttachment("file.png"); // Attachment
#$mail->addAttachment("file.csv"); // Append attachment
$mail->setMail("标题只需传递服务器地址", "<b>正文: 只需传递代理服务器地址 测试邮件</b>"); // Titile and content
$mail->send();
在实现代码中, 服务器地址使用了 tcp:// 协议头, 对于确定是使用ssl的服务, 可以使用 ssl:// 协议头.
.