之前已经讲过web基本概念与http请求响应报文，下面将以编译方式来安装http2.4.9服务器软件。与httpd2.2相比，httpd 2.4增加了如下特性：
1、MPM可于运行时装载；
2、Event MPM
3、异步读写
4、在每模块及每目录上指定日志级别；
5、每请求配置；<If>, <ElseIf>, <Else>；
6、增强的表达式分析器；
7、毫秒级的KeepAlive Timeout；
8、基于域名的虚拟主机不再需要NameVirtualHost指令；
9、降低了内存占用；
10、支持在配置文件中使用自定义变量；
新增加的模块：
mod_proxy_fcgi（可以提供fcgi代理）
mod_proxy_scgi（支持scgi协议）
mod_proxy_express
mod_remoteip（能够强大的匹配客户端的IP地址）
mod_session（保持用户会话）
mod_ratelimit（限制每个用户的带宽）
mod_request（请求模块，对请求做强大的过滤）
等等；
一、准备阶段
| 本机环境 | [root@bogon ~]# cat /etc/issue CentOS release 6.5 (Final) Kernel \r on an \m [root@bogon ~]# uname -r 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64 |
| 预安装软件包 | [root@bogon run]# yum groupinstall -y "Server Platform Development" [root@bogon run]# yum groupinstall -y "Development tools" [root@bogon run]#yum install -y pcre-7.8-6.el6.x86_64 pcre-devel-7.8-6.el6.x86_64 |
二、下载apr-1.5.0、apr-util-1.5.3、http2.4.9
[root@bogon Downloads]#wget http://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache//httpd/httpd-2.4.9.tar.bz2 [root@bogon Downloads]#wget ftp://ftp.mirrorservice.org/sites/ftp.apache.org/apr/apr-util-1.5.3.tar.bz2 [root@bogon Downloads]#wget http://archive.apache.org/dist/apr/apr-1.5.0.tar.bz2
三、编译安装软件包
1、apr-1.5.0.tar.bz2
apr:apache portable run-time是apache运行时环境，为了能使apache运行在不同的平台上
并且能使用同样的机制，所以apr能够抹除不同系统的数据库，让apache运行环境的机制都一样，
并且能让apache的某些特性跨平台的使用。
[root@bogon local]# tar xf apr-1.5.0.tar.bz2 [root@bogon local]#cd apr-1.5.0 [root@bogon apr-1.5.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr [root@bogon apr-1.5.0]#make && make install
2、apr-util-1.5.3.tar.bz2
#tar xf apr-util-1.5.3.tar.bz2 #cd apr-util-1.5.3 #./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr #make && make install
3、http2.4.9.tar.bz2
#tar xf httpd-2.4.9.tar.bz2 # cd httpd-2.4.9 #./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd24 --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/ --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event #make && make install
编译参数说明：
--prefix=/usr/local/apache：指定安装路径
--sysconfdir=/etc/httpd24：指定配置文件存放位置
--enable-so：允许运行时加载DSO模块
--enable-ssl： 提供对安全套接字层(SSL)和传输层安全(TLS)协议实现高强度加密传输
--enable-cgi：提供对CGI脚本执行的支持
--enable-rewrite：支持重写
--with-zlib：是支持zlib库
--with-pcre：启用正则表达式
--with-apr=/usr/local/apr：Apache可移植运行时(APR)是httpd源码的一部分并会自动与httpd一起创建。如果你想使用一个已经存在的APR ，就必须在这里指定apr-config脚本的路径。
--with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/：Apache可移植运行时工具包(APU)是httpd源码的一部分并会自动与httpd一起创建。如果你想使用一个已经存在的APU ，就必须在这里指定apu-config脚本的路径。
--enable-modules=most：启用大多数常用模块。
--enable-mpms-shared=all：启用MPM支持的所有模式。
--with-mpm=event：设置默认MPM为event。
四、参数设置
1、导出库文件
[root@bogon apache]# ln -s /usr/local/apache/include/ /usr/include/httpd24
2、输出二进制程序
#vim /etc/profile.d/http24.sh export PATH=/usr/local/apache/bin:$PATH #source /etc/profile.d/http24.sh
3、导出man手册
#vim /etc/man.config #MANPATH /usr/local/apache/man
五、测试
# apachectl start # ss -tunl |grep ":80" tcp LISTEN 0 128 :::80 :::* # curl 192.168.1.114 <html><body><h1>It works!</h1></body></html>
六、添加服务脚本
1、先关掉apache服务
#apachectl stop
2、修改httpd的主配置文件，设置其Pid文件的路径，编辑/etc/httpd24/httpd.conf，添加如下行即可
# vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf PidFile "/var/run/httpd24.pid"
3、修改服务脚本
#!/bin/bash
#
# httpd Startup script for the Apache HTTP Server
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: The Apache HTTP Server is an efficient and extensible # server implementing the current HTTP standards.
# processname: httpd
# config: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/httpd
# pidfile: /var/run/httpd/httpd.pid
#
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: httpd
# Required-Start: $local_fs $remote_fs $network $named
# Required-Stop: $local_fs $remote_fs $network
# Should-Start: distcache
# Short-Description: start and stop Apache HTTP Server
# Description: The Apache HTTP Server is an extensible server
# implementing the current HTTP standards.
### END INIT INFO
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/httpd ]; then
. /etc/sysconfig/httpd
fi
# Start httpd in the C locale by default.
HTTPD_LANG=${HTTPD_LANG-"C"}
# This will prevent initlog from swallowing up a pass-phrase prompt if
# mod_ssl needs a pass-phrase from the user.
INITLOG_ARGS=""
# Set HTTPD=/usr/sbin/httpd.worker in /etc/sysconfig/httpd to use a server
# with the thread-based "worker" MPM; BE WARNED that some modules may not
# work correctly with a thread-based MPM; notably PHP will refuse to start.
# Path to the apachectl script, server binary, and short-form for messages.
apachectl=/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl
httpd=/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd
prog=httpd
pidfile=${PIDFILE-/var/run/httpd24.pid}
lockfile=${LOCKFILE-/var/lock/subsys/httpd24}
RETVAL=0
STOP_TIMEOUT=${STOP_TIMEOUT-10}
# The semantics of these two functions differ from the way apachectl does
# things -- attempting to start while running is a failure, and shutdown
# when not running is also a failure. So we just do it the way init scripts
# are expected to behave here.
start() {
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
LANG=$HTTPD_LANG daemon --pidfile=${pidfile} $httpd $OPTIONS
RETVAL=$?
echo
[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch ${lockfile}
return $RETVAL
}
# When stopping httpd, a delay (of default 10 second) is required
# before SIGKILLing the httpd parent; this gives enough time for the
# httpd parent to SIGKILL any errant children.
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc -p ${pidfile} -d ${STOP_TIMEOUT} $httpd
RETVAL=$?
echo
[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f ${lockfile} ${pidfile}
}
reload() {
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
if ! LANG=$HTTPD_LANG $httpd $OPTIONS -t >&/dev/null; then
RETVAL=6
echo $"not reloading due to configuration syntax error"
failure $"not reloading $httpd due to configuration syntax error"
else
# Force LSB behaviour from killproc
LSB=1 killproc -p ${pidfile} $httpd -HUP
RETVAL=$?
if [ $RETVAL -eq 7 ]; then
failure $"httpd shutdown"
fi
fi
echo
}
# See how we were called.
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
status)
status -p ${pidfile} $httpd
RETVAL=$?
;;
restart)
stop
start
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
if status -p ${pidfile} $httpd >&/dev/null; then
stop
start
fi
;;
force-reload|reload)
reload
;;
graceful|help|configtest|fullstatus)
$apachectl $@
RETVAL=$?
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|condrestart|try-restart|force-reload|reload|status|fullstatus|graceful|help|configtest}"
RETVAL=2
esac
exit $RETVAL
=========================================完==========================================
下篇将对编译安装的http-2.4.9进行功能测试
本文出自 “和风细雨” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://essun.blog.51cto.com/721033/1379986