返璞归真 asp.net mvc (13) - asp.net mvc 5.0 新特性

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返璞归真 asp.net mvc (13) - asp.net mvc 5.0 新特性

作者:webabcd

介绍
asp.net mvc 之 asp.net mvc 5.0 新特性

  • MVC5, WebAPI2(Attribute Routing, Cross Origin Request Sharing, OData), SignalR, SPA(Single Page Application)

示例
1、简介 MVC5 的新特性
MVC50/Index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
<title>返璞归真 asp.net mvc - asp.net mvc 5.0 新特性</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>返璞归真 asp.net mvc - asp.net mvc 5.0 新特性 之 MVC5</h2> <p>
现在可以继承 System.Web.Http.AuthorizeAttribute, ExceptionFilterAttribute 了
</p> <p>
内置支持 oauth 到一些知名网站,代码参见 App_Start/Startup.Auth.cs;效果参见 http://localhost:26659(进去后点击登录)
</p>
</body>
</html>

MVC50/App_Start/Startup.Auth.cs

using Microsoft.AspNet.Identity;
using Microsoft.Owin;
using Microsoft.Owin.Security.Cookies;
using Owin; namespace MVC50
{
public partial class Startup
{
// 有关配置身份验证的详细信息,请访问 http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=301864
public void ConfigureAuth(IAppBuilder app)
{
// 使应用程序可以使用 Cookie 来存储已登录用户的信息
app.UseCookieAuthentication(new CookieAuthenticationOptions
{
AuthenticationType = DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ApplicationCookie,
LoginPath = new PathString("/Account/Login")
});
// Use a cookie to temporarily store information about a user logging in with a third party login provider
app.UseExternalSignInCookie(DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ExternalCookie); // 取消注释以下行可允许使用第三方登录提供程序登录
//app.UseMicrosoftAccountAuthentication(
// clientId: "",
// clientSecret: ""); //app.UseTwitterAuthentication(
// consumerKey: "",
// consumerSecret: ""); //app.UseFacebookAuthentication(
// appId: "",
// appSecret: ""); // 支持使用 google 账户登录
app.UseGoogleAuthentication();
}
}
}

2、简介 WebAPI2 的新特性
WebAPI2/Index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
<title>返璞归真 asp.net mvc - asp.net mvc 5.0 新特性</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>返璞归真 asp.net mvc - asp.net mvc 5.0 新特性 之 WebAPI2</h2> <p>
<a href="AttributeRouting.html" target="_blank">WebAPI2 - Attribute Routing</a>
</p> <p>
<a href="CORS.html" target="_blank">WebAPI2 - Cross Origin Request Sharing</a>
</p> <p>
<a href="OData.html" target="_blank">WebAPI2 - OData</a>
</p>
</body>
</html>

2.1 演示 WebAPI2 - Attribute Routing
WebAPI2/Controllers/AttributeRoutingController.cs

/*
* 用于演示 Attribute Routing 特性
*/ using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Web.Http; namespace WebAPI2.Controllers
{
public class AttributeRoutingController : ApiController
{
// 经典路由方式(路由配置来自 RouteConfig)
// http://localhost:26700/api/AttributeRouting?name=webabcd
public string Get(string name)
{
string result = "Hello: " + name + " (经典路由)"; return result;
} // Attribute Routing 路由方式,让 Action 可以有自己自定义的路由方式
// http://localhost:26700/hello/webabcd
[Route("hello/{name}")]
public string Get2(string name)
{
string result = "Hello: " + name + " (Attribute Routing)"; return result;
}
}
}

WebAPI2/AttributeRouting.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
<script src="Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script>
<title>Attribute Routing</title>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript"> // 调用经典路由方式的 api
var result = $.get("http://localhost:26700/api/AttributeRouting?name=webabcd", function (msg) {
alert(msg);
}); // 调用 Attribute Routing 路由方式的 api
var result = $.get("http://localhost:26700/hello/webabcd", function (msg) {
alert(msg);
}); </script>
</body>
</html>

2.2 演示 WebAPI2 - Cross Origin Request Sharing
WebAPI2/Controllers/CORSController.cs

/*
* 演示 web api 对 cors(Cross Origin Resource Sharing) 的支持
*
* 注:请先行参见 WebApiConfig.cs
*/ using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Web.Http; namespace WebAPI2.Controllers
{
public class CORSController : ApiController
{
public string Get()
{
return "Hello: Cross Origin Resource Sharing";
}
}
}

WebAPI2/App_Start/WebApiConfig.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web.Http; namespace WebAPI2
{
public static class WebApiConfig
{
public static void Register(HttpConfiguration config)
{
// Web API configuration and services // Web API routes
config.MapHttpAttributeRoutes(); config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
name: "DefaultApi",
routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}",
defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional }
); // nuget 中搜索 ASP.NET Cross-Origin Support,然后安装
// 使本 api 支持 cors
var cors = new System.Web.Http.Cors.EnableCorsAttribute("*", "*", "*");
config.EnableCors(cors); // nuget 中搜索 ASP.NET Web API OData
// 使本 api 支持 odata 查询
config.EnableQuerySupport();
}
}
}

WebAPI2/CORS.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<script src="Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script>
<title>Cross Origin Request Sharing</title>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript"> if (jQuery.support.cors) {
jQuery.support.cors = true;
var result = $.get("http://localhost:26700/api/cors", function (msg) {
alert(msg);
});
}
else {
alert("浏览器不支持 cors");
} /*
* cors:全称 Cross Origin Resource Sharing,用于支持 ajax 跨域调用,支持此协议的的浏览器有 Internet Explorer 8+,Firefox 3.5+,Safari 4+ 和 Chrome 等
*
* 测试场景:要把客户端与服务端配置为不同的域名
*
* 本例可以通过 ajax 跨域调用 api/cors 接口,会发现如下效果
* 1、请求头中会出现 Origin: http://xxx.com.cn (此域名为 host 此客户端的域名)
* 2、响应头中会出现 Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *
*
* 另:关于 cors 协议的更多详细内容网上搜一下即可
*/ </script>
</body>
</html>

2.3 演示 WebAPI2 - OData
WebAPI2/Controllers/ODataController.cs

/*
* 演示如何让 web api 支持 odata 协议
*
* 注:请先行参见 WebApiConfig.cs
*/ using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Web.Http;
using System.Web.Http.OData.Query; namespace WebAPI2.Controllers
{
public class ODataController : ApiController
{
// 有很多 attribute 可以设置,以下仅举 2 例,更多详细内容参见文档
// [Queryable(AllowedQueryOptions = AllowedQueryOptions.Skip | AllowedQueryOptions.Top)] // 仅支持 skip 查询和 top 查询
// [Queryable(MaxTop = 100)] // 指定 top 参数的最大值为 100 public IQueryable Get()
{
List<Product> products = new List<Product>(); Random random = new Random();
for (int i = ; i < ; i++)
{
Product product = new Product();
product.ProductId = i;
product.Name = i.ToString().PadLeft(, '');
product.Price = random.Next(, ); products.Add(product);
} return products.AsQueryable();
}
} public class Product
{
public int ProductId { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
public int Price { get; set; }
}
}

WebAPI2/App_Start/WebApiConfig.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web.Http; namespace WebAPI2
{
public static class WebApiConfig
{
public static void Register(HttpConfiguration config)
{
// Web API configuration and services // Web API routes
config.MapHttpAttributeRoutes(); config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
name: "DefaultApi",
routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}",
defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional }
); // nuget 中搜索 ASP.NET Cross-Origin Support,然后安装
// 使本 api 支持 cors
var cors = new System.Web.Http.Cors.EnableCorsAttribute("*", "*", "*");
config.EnableCors(cors); // nuget 中搜索 ASP.NET Web API OData
// 使本 api 支持 odata 查询
config.EnableQuerySupport();
}
}
}

WebAPI2/OData.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
<script src="Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script>
<title>OData</title>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript"> var result = $.get("http://localhost:26700/api/odata?$top=2", function (msg) {
alert(msg[0].ProductId);
}); var result = $.get("http://localhost:26700/api/odata?$filter=ProductId eq 100", function (msg) {
alert(msg[0].ProductId);
}); // $select 就是 WebAPI2 中新增的查询参数之一
var result = $.get("http://localhost:26700/api/odata?$filter=ProductId eq 100&$select=Name", function (msg) {
alert(msg[0].ProductId);
alert(msg[0].Name);
}); </script>
</body>
</html>

3、简介 SignalR 的特性
SignalR/Index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>实时通信 - SignalR</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>实时通信 - SignalR</h2> <p>
SignalR(可以在 nuget 中安装),支持 ajax 长轮询和 WebSocket,更多内容参见:http://www.asp.net/signalr
</p>
</body>
</html>

4、简介 SPA(Single Page Application) 的特性
SPA/Index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>返璞归真 asp.net mvc - asp.net mvc 5.0 新特性</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>返璞归真 asp.net mvc - asp.net mvc 5.0 新特性 之 SPA(Single Page Application)</h2> <p>
knockout.js - 用于支持 MVVM 模式,有效实现 js 和 html 的分离
</p> <p>
modernizr.js - 用来检测浏览器功能支持情况的 JavaScript 库
</p> <p>
respond.js - 目标是使得那些不支持 CSS3 Media Queryes 特性的浏览器能够支持
</p>
</body>
</html>

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