Linux下基于Docker搭建MySQL主从复制
拉取 MySQL 容器镜像docker pull mysql:5.7这里我使用的是 5.7 版本，如果你想要拉取最新版本的镜像，可以使用：
docker pull mysql:latest
docker images创建 MySQL 容器 可提前完成配置文件并 挂载到/data/mysql,准备好mysqld.cnf文件放到 master、slave1、slave2目录 master目录的mysqld.cnf
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE mysql 5.7 f6509bac4980 4 days ago 373MB
# Copyright (c) 2014, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. # # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License, version 2.0, # as published by the Free Software Foundation. # # This program is also distributed with certain software (including # but not limited to OpenSSL) that is licensed under separate terms, # as designated in a particular file or component or in included license # documentation. The authors of MySQL hereby grant you an additional # permission to link the program and your derivative works with the # separately licensed software that they have included with MySQL. # # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the # GNU General Public License, version 2.0, for more details. # # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License # along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software # Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA # # The MySQL Server configuration file. # # For explanations see # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html [mysqld] pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock datadir = /var/lib/mysql #log-error = /var/log/mysql/error.log # By default we only accept connections from localhost #bind-address = 127.0.0.1 # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 log-bin=mysql-bin server-id=2
slave1的mysqld.cnf文件 ，注意 server-id 不能相同
# Copyright (c) 2014, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. # # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License, version 2.0, # as published by the Free Software Foundation. # # This program is also distributed with certain software (including # but not limited to OpenSSL) that is licensed under separate terms, # as designated in a particular file or component or in included license # documentation. The authors of MySQL hereby grant you an additional # permission to link the program and your derivative works with the # separately licensed software that they have included with MySQL. # # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the # GNU General Public License, version 2.0, for more details. # # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License # along with this progra
# Copyright (c) 2014, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. # # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License, version 2.0, # as published by the Free Software Foundation. # # This program is also distributed with certain software (including # but not limited to OpenSSL) that is licensed under separate terms, # as designated in a particular file or component or in included license # documentation. The authors of MySQL hereby grant you an additional # permission to link the program and your derivative works with the # separately licensed software that they have included with MySQL. # # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the # GNU General Public License, version 2.0, for more details. # # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License # along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software # Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA # # The MySQL Server configuration file. # # For explanations see # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html [mysqld] pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock datadir = /var/lib/mysql #log-error = /var/log/mysql/error.log # By default we only accept connections from localhost #bind-address = 127.0.0.1 # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 server-id=41 default-storage-engine=MyISAM
m; if not, write to the Free Software # Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA # # The MySQL Server configuration file. # # For explanations see # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html [mysqld] pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock datadir = /var/lib/mysql #log-error = /var/log/mysql/error.log # By default we only accept connections from localhost #bind-address = 127.0.0.1 # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 server-id=3 default-storage-engine=MyISAM
slave2目录的 mysqld.cnf文件如下
创建主数据库容器
docker run --name mysql-master -p 3306:3306 -v /data/mysql/master:/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.7创建从数据库容器
docker run --name mysql-slave1 -p 3307:3306 -v /data/mysql/slave1:/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.7 docker run --name mysql-slave2 -p 3308:3306 -v /data/mysql/slave2:/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.7
这里我们分别使用了 3306 和 3307、3308 端口
配置主服务 首先，进入容器：docker run --name mysql-master -p 3307:3306 -v连接 MySQL
mysql -u root -p123456修改 root 可以通过任何客户端连接
ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
修改 MySQL 配置文档 /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf ，在 [mysqld] 段添加以下配置：如果上面挂载了这步可以忽略
log-bin=mysql-bin //[必须]启用二进制日志 server-id=2 //[必须]服务器标识ID，每台服务器唯一重启Master服务器
docker restart mysql-maser再次进入maser容器
docker exec -it mysql-master /bin/bash连接 MySQL
mysql -u root -p123456查看数据库状态：
mysql> show master status;+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+--------------- ----+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+--------------- ----+ | mysql-bin.000004 | 154 | | | | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+--------------- ----+ 记住上面的 file 和position 配置从服务器 首先，进入容器：
docker exec -it mysql-slave1 /bin/bash连接 MySQL
mysql -u root -p123456修改 root 可以通过任何客户端连接（默认root用户可以对从数据库进行编辑的）
ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';修改配置文件mysqld.cnf
server-id=3 default-storage-engine=MyISAM # 修改引擎为MyISAM 【选择配置不是必须的，后面有说明】配置从同步主服务数据,执行如下SQL
change master to master_host='192.168.2.130', master_user='root', master_log_file='mysql-bin.000004', master_log_pos=154, master_port=3306, master_password='123456';启动slave服务
mysql>start slave;查看slave状态
show slave status \G;
出现两个yes代表主从配置成功
测试主从搭建结果 在 master 容器中创建一张 user 表；Create Database TestUser; Use TestUser;
mysql> CREATE TABLE `user` ( `user_id` bigint(20) AUTO_INCREMENT, `username` varchar(30) NOT NULL, `password` varchar(30) DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;然后在 slave 容器查看：
mysql> show tables; +----------------+ | Tables_in_test | +----------------+ | user | +----------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)目前看到数据表已经同步过来 在 master 服务器 user 表插入一条数据：
mysql> insert into user(username, password) values ('feng',
'123456');
然后看看 slave 服务器是否有同步(也可以navigat查看)
这里我们只是测试，所以把数据表也同步过来了。一般情况下数据表是不同步的，先各自
在 master 和 salve 创建好。 因为一般来说 master 和 slave 的表的存储引擎是不一样的，
master 一般用的是 InnoDB ，因为它要写数据比较多。 而 slave 表一般用的是 MyISAM 引擎，
因为它是没有写数据操作，只有读，用 MyISAM 引擎能大大节省资源，速度也会快一些。
★ 重点：不要在从服务执行数据的DML操作，一旦执行成功MySQL主从直接就被破坏掉，需要再
次执行 change sql语句重新恢复
停止全部容器以及删除全部容器
docker stop $(docker ps -q) & docker rm $(docker ps -aq)