【OSS 排查方案-4】OSS + RTMP 推流的 JAVA 方法

2021-09-27 16:23:48

作者：张医博

背景

目前有很多直播爱好者使用的是 OSS + RTMP 做的推流直播，其中不乏一些企业级别应用，由于 OSS 作为推流的接收略微有一些复杂，故单独开篇讲一下。其实不建议使用 OSS+RTMP 做直播推流，因为功能性相比专业的阿里云直播几乎为 0 ，而且性能上并不好。建议大家使用单独的直播服务。

首先

看下官网对于 OSS 推流的过程定义

  • 只能使用RTMP推流的方式，不支持拉流。
  • 必须包含视频流，且视频流格式为H264。
  • 音频流是可选的，并且只支持AAC格式，其他格式的音频流会被丢弃。
  • 转储只支持HLS协议。
  • 一个LiveChannel同时只能有一个客户端向其推流。

RTMP 的推流格式：

rtmp://your-bucket.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/live/test-channel

  • live 等同于 RTMP 的 APP 挂载点
  • test-channel 等同于 RTMP 的 stream name

RTMP URL 推流签名：

  • rtmp://${bucket}.${host}/live/${channel}?OSSAccessKeyId=xxx&Expires=yyy&Signature=zzz&${params}
  • 推流前 LiveChannel有两种Status：enabled和disabled，用户可以使用本接口在两种Status之间进行切换。处于disabled状态时，OSS会禁止用户向该LiveChannel进行推流操作；如果有用户正在向该LiveChannel推流，那么推流的客户端会被强制断开（可能会有10s左右的延迟）

我们现在用 java 的 SDK 演示一下如上的推理过程，在跑 SDK 之前，需要先搭建好一套本地的 eclipse 环境，如下是我用的 eclipse，如果有没搭建请网上搜索一下 eclpse 的搭建方式（之前需要安装 JDK 且配置环境变量）

  • Eclipse 版本：Version: Neon.3 Release (4.6.3)
  • JDK 版本：jdk1.8.0_144
  • OSS：公开读（为了验证推流功能是否正常，我们用公开读的方式快速测试）

我们采用主函数入口的方式，实例化其他类进行调用，这样方便类的拆分，不用都集合在主函数中。
主函数 domain，实例化 OSSClient 对象传入到 RtmpTest 类中测试。

所有的 jar 都会通过官方的 maven 解决的依赖关系，https://help.aliyun.com/document_detail/32009.html?spm=5176.doc32008.6.672.HR4Dbr

package javasdk;

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import com.aliyun.oss.OSSClient;

public class domain {
    public static void main( String[] args ) throws ParseException, FileNotFoundException
    {
        
        System.out.println( "Hello World!" );
        String accessid = "AK";
        String secretkey = "SK";
        String objectpath = "C://Users//hanli.zyb//Desktop//running.png";
        String bucket = "bucket";
        String object = "running";
        String endpoint = "http://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com";

        
        // OSS + rtmp 推流
        String bucketName = "ali-hangzhou";
        RtmpTest pushoss = new RtmpTest();
        OSSClient ossClient = new OSSClient(endpoint, AK, SK);
        pushoss.testCreateLiveChannel(bucketName,ossClient);

    }
}
​

RtmpTest

/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
 * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
 * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
 * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
 * specific language governing permissions and limitations
 * under the License.
 */

package javasdk;

import java.text.ParseException;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import junit.framework.Assert;

import org.junit.Ignore;
import org.junit.Test;

import com.aliyun.oss.OSSClient;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSErrorCode;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSException;
import com.aliyun.oss.common.utils.DateUtil;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.CannedAccessControlList;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.CreateLiveChannelRequest;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.CreateLiveChannelResult;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.ListLiveChannelsRequest;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.LiveChannel;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.LiveChannelInfo;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.LiveChannelListing;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.LiveChannelStat;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.LiveChannelStatus;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.LiveChannelTarget;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.LiveRecord;
import com.aliyun.oss.model.PushflowStatus;
import com.aliyuncs.DefaultAcsClient;
import com.aliyuncs.profile.DefaultProfile;
import com.aliyuncs.profile.IClientProfile;

/**
 * Test rtmp
 */
public class RtmpTest  {
    String bucketName = "bucket";
    final String liveChannel = "stream name";
    @Test
    public void testCreateLiveChannelDefault(String bucketname,OSSClient ossClient) {

        try {
            CreateLiveChannelRequest createLiveChannelRequest = new CreateLiveChannelRequest(
                    bucketName, liveChannel);
            CreateLiveChannelResult createLiveChannelResult = ossClient.createLiveChannel(createLiveChannelRequest);
            LiveChannelInfo liveChannelInfo = ossClient.getLiveChannelInfo(bucketName, liveChannel);

            
            ossClient.deleteLiveChannel(bucketName, liveChannel);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            Assert.fail(e.getMessage());
        }
    }
    
    @Test
    public void testCreateLiveChannel(String bucketname,OSSClient ossClient) {
        final String liveChannel = "normal-create-live-channel";
        final String liveChannelDesc = "my test live channel";

        try {
            LiveChannelTarget target = new LiveChannelTarget("HLS", 100, 99, "myplaylist.m3u8");
            CreateLiveChannelRequest createLiveChannelRequest = new CreateLiveChannelRequest(
                    bucketName, liveChannel, liveChannelDesc, LiveChannelStatus.Enabled, target);
            
            CreateLiveChannelResult createLiveChannelResult = ossClient.createLiveChannel(createLiveChannelRequest);
            System.out.println(createLiveChannelResult.getPublishUrls());
            /*Assert.assertEquals(createLiveChannelResult.getPublishUrls().size(), 1);
            Assert.assertTrue(createLiveChannelResult.getPublishUrls().get(0).startsWith("rtmp://"));
            Assert.assertTrue(createLiveChannelResult.getPublishUrls().get(0).endsWith("live/" + liveChannel));
            Assert.assertEquals(createLiveChannelResult.getPlayUrls().size(), 1);
            Assert.assertTrue(createLiveChannelResult.getPlayUrls().get(0).startsWith("http://"));
            Assert.assertTrue(createLiveChannelResult.getPlayUrls().get(0).endsWith(liveChannel + "/myplaylist.m3u8"));*/
            
           /* LiveChannelInfo liveChannelInfo = ossClient.getLiveChannelInfo(bucketName, liveChannel);
            Assert.assertEquals(liveChannelInfo.getDescription(), liveChannelDesc);
            Assert.assertEquals(liveChannelInfo.getStatus(), LiveChannelStatus.Disabled);
            Assert.assertEquals(liveChannelInfo.getTarget().getType(), "HLS");
            Assert.assertEquals(liveChannelInfo.getTarget().getFragDuration(), 100);
            Assert.assertEquals(liveChannelInfo.getTarget().getFragCount(), 99);
            Assert.assertEquals(liveChannelInfo.getTarget().getPlaylistName(), "myplaylist.m3u8");*/
            
            
           // ossClient.deleteLiveChannel(bucketName, liveChannel);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            Assert.fail(e.getMessage());
        }
    }
}

其中我们最关注的是 testCreateLiveChannel 类，创建了推流地址，其中参数 LiveChannelStatus.enable 是要让推流变为可用状态。

public void testCreateLiveChannel(String bucketname,OSSClient ossClient) {
        final String liveChannel = "normal-create-live-channel";
        final String liveChannelDesc = "my test live channel";

        try {
            LiveChannelTarget target = new LiveChannelTarget("HLS", 100, 99, "myplaylist.m3u8");
            CreateLiveChannelRequest createLiveChannelRequest = new CreateLiveChannelRequest(
                    bucketName, liveChannel, liveChannelDesc, LiveChannelStatus.Enabled, target);
            
            CreateLiveChannelResult createLiveChannelResult = ossClient.createLiveChannel(createLiveChannelRequest);
            System.out.println(createLiveChannelResult.getPublishUrls());
            /*Assert.assertEquals(createLiveChannelResult.getPublishUrls().size(), 1);
            Assert.assertTrue(createLiveChannelResult.getPublishUrls().get(0).startsWith("rtmp://"));
            Assert.assertTrue(createLiveChannelResult.getPublishUrls().get(0).endsWith("live/" + liveChannel));
            Assert.assertEquals(createLiveChannelResult.getPlayUrls().size(), 1);
            Assert.assertTrue(createLiveChannelResult.getPlayUrls().get(0).startsWith("http://"));
            Assert.assertTrue(createLiveChannelResult.getPlayUrls().get(0).endsWith(liveChannel + "/myplaylist.m3u8"));*/
            
            
           // ossClient.deleteLiveChannel(bucketName, liveChannel);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            Assert.fail(e.getMessage());
        }
    }​

running 主函数，打印出推流地址。
rtmp://hangzhou.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/live/normal-create-live-channel
请网友们自己亲自搭建环境动手实际测试，有问题可随时留言帖子。

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