FireFox浏览器扩展开发的详细介绍可参考https://blog.csdn.net/CityBird/article/details/115013539?spm=1001.2014.3001.5501，以下单独介绍Windows平台用VB.Net如何实现。

1、manifest.json

{
	"description":"Firefox extension demo description",
	"name": "Firefox extension demo",	
	"manifest_version":2,  
	"version":"1.0",
	"icons":{"48": "ICONS/ICON_48.png"},
	"applications":{"gecko":{"id": "demo@demo.com","strict_min_version": "50.0"}},
	"background":{"scripts":["background.js"]},
	"browser_action":{"default_icon":{"48": "ICONS/ICON_48.png"}}, 
	"permissions":["nativeMessaging"]
}

2、background.js

function onResponse(response) {
  console.log("background Received " + JSON.stringify(response));
}
 
function one rror(error) {
	console.log(`background Error: ${error}`);
}
 
/*
On a click on the browser action, send the app a message.
*/
browser.browserAction.onClicked.addListener(() => {
  var JsonObj = {"name":"张三","sex":"男"};
  console.log("send:"+JSON.stringify(JsonObj));
  var sending = browser.runtime.sendNativeMessage("Demo",JsonObj);
  sending.then(onResponse, one rror);
});

3、demo.json

{
  "name": "Demo",
  "description": "Demo app",
  "path": "Demo.exe",
  "type": "stdio",
  "allowed_extensions": [ "demo@demo.com" ]
}

4、demo.exe

Visual Studio里用VB新建一个控制台应用（.Net Framework），Module1.vb源码如下：

Module Module1
    Private isDebug As Boolean = False      '是否debug模式
    Private currentDir As String = ""       '当前程序所在目录

    Sub Main()
        If Not IsNothing(System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings("debug")) Then                   '读debug设置
            If System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings("debug").ToString.ToLower = "true" Then
                isDebug = True
            Else
                isDebug = False
            End If
        End If

        currentDir = System.Environment.CurrentDirectory                                                        '取当前程序目录

        Dim str As String = ""
        Do
            str = GetMessage()
            WriteMessage(str)
        Loop While (False)
    End Sub

    ''' <summary>输入</summary>
    ''' <returns>接收到的内容</returns>
    Private Function GetMessage() As String
        Try
            Dim inputStream As System.IO.Stream = Console.OpenStandardInput
            Dim inputLen As Integer = 0, tmp As Byte
            For xx As Integer = 0 To 3
                tmp = inputStream.ReadByte
                inputLen = inputLen + tmp * Math.Pow(255, xx)
            Next
            WriteLog(" InLength：" & inputLen)

            Dim inputBuff(inputLen - 1) As Byte
            For xx As Integer = 0 To inputLen - 1
                inputBuff(xx) = inputStream.ReadByte
            Next

            inputStream.Close()
            inputStream.Dispose()
            inputStream = Nothing

            WriteLog(" InMessage ：" & System.Text.UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetString(inputBuff))
            Return System.Text.UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetString(inputBuff)
            Erase inputBuff
        Catch ex As Exception
            WriteLog(" Error ：" & ex.Message)
            Return ""
        End Try
    End Function

    ''' <summary>输出</summary>
    ''' <param name="strMessage">需要输出的内容，前4个字节代表输出内容的长度</param>
    Private Sub WriteMessage(ByVal strMessage As String)
        Try
            Dim arr() As Byte = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(strMessage)
            Dim len As Integer = arr.Length
            WriteLog(" OutLength ：" & len)

            Dim outputstream As System.IO.Stream = Console.OpenStandardOutput
            outputstream.WriteByte(len Mod 255)
            len = len \ 255
            outputstream.WriteByte(len Mod 255)
            len = len \ 255
            outputstream.WriteByte(len Mod 255)
            len = len \ 255
            outputstream.WriteByte(len)
            outputstream.Write(arr, 0, arr.Length)
            Erase arr
            outputstream.Close()
            outputstream.Dispose()
            outputstream = Nothing

            WriteLog(" OutMessage ：" & strMessage)
        Catch ex As Exception
            WriteLog(" Error ：" & ex.Message)
        End Try
    End Sub

    ''' <summary>写日志</summary>
    ''' <param name="strLog">需要写入日志的内容</param>
    Private Sub WriteLog(ByVal strLog As String)
        If isDebug Then
            Dim myStreamWrite As New System.IO.StreamWriter(currentDir & "\Log.txt", True)
            myStreamWrite.WriteLine(Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss") & strLog)
            myStreamWrite.Close()
            myStreamWrite.Dispose()
            myStreamWrite = Nothing
        End If
    End Sub
End Module

App.config源码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
    <startup> 
        <supportedRuntime version="v4.0" sku=".NETFramework,Version=v4.6.1" />
    </startup>
  <appSettings>
    <add key="debug" value="true"/>
  </appSettings>
</configuration>

5、注册表

Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00

[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Mozilla\NativeMessagingHosts\Demo]
@="请使用demo.json文件的完整路径替换"

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