前言：
随着spring 越来越强大，用spring4来搭建框架也是很快速，问题是你是对spring了解有多深入。如果你是新手，那么在搭建的过程中可以遇到各种各样奇葩的问题。
SSM框架的搭建是作为我搭建APP开发框架的基础。
我将会分以下几点:
1) 配置文件如何配置
2) 如何java配置启动servlet
3) 一些搭建过程中的坑
=============================================================================
配置文件如何配置
SSM框架的搭建配置方式有很多种，可具体分可以分为javaConfig配置，xml配置，或者xml文件与javaConf混合配置。其实用那种都行了，我个人搭建还是偏xml配置，不过现在的javaConfig也很成熟，也可以考虑，就是有一些坑，后面会讲到的；混合配置，用的情况也是蛮多的，分享中会涉及一点。
接下来，我主要是以java配置类做的配置：
这是项目的结构 com.ouyang.teson目录下直接放置配置类：
1）AppConfig.java
package com.ouyang.teson; import org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller; /**
* Created by ThinkPad on 2017/6/15.
*/ @Configuration
@EnableAspectJAutoProxy
@EnableTransactionManagement
@ComponentScan(basePackages = {"com.ouyang.teson"},
excludeFilters={@ComponentScan.Filter(type=FilterType.ANNOTATION,value=EnableWebMvc.class)}
)
@Import(AppDataConfig.class)
//@PropertySource({"classpath:jdbc.properties"})
//@ImportSource("XXXX.xml")
/*@Configuration，用于表示这个类是一个配置类，用于配置Spring的相关信息
@EnableAspectJAutoProxy，启用切面自动代理，用于AOP
@EnableTransactionManagement，启用注解事务，即可以使用@Transactional注解来控制事务
@ComponentScan，组件扫描，在basePackages指定的目录下扫描被@Controller、@Service、@Component等注解注册的组件
@Import，引入指定的配置类，我们引入了Spring容器配置类和数据源事务配置类
@PropertySource，加载指定的配置文件，配置文件内容会加载入Environment中等待调用*/
public class AppConfig { @Bean
public MapperScannerConfigurer mapperScannerConfigurer() {
MapperScannerConfigurer mapperScannerConfigurer = new MapperScannerConfigurer();
// 跟@MapperScan(basePackages = { "com.ouyang.teson.dao" }) 等同
//如果通过web.xml 加载servlet的话，可能找不到映射对象 建议用注解
mapperScannerConfigurer.setBasePackage("com.ouyang.teson.dao");
mapperScannerConfigurer.setSqlSessionFactoryBeanName("sqlSessionFactory");
return mapperScannerConfigurer;
} }
2) AppDataConfig.java 是导入的配置
package com.ouyang.teson; import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
import com.ouyang.teson.bean.TestBean;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;
import org.springframework.core.io.support.PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement; import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.io.IOException; /**
* Created by ThinkPad on 2017/6/15.
*/ @EnableAspectJAutoProxy
@EnableTransactionManagement
@PropertySource({"classpath:jdbc.properties"})
//@MapperScan(value={"/com/ouyang/teson/dao/*.xml"},basePackages = {"com.ouyang.teson.dao"})
public class AppDataConfig { @Autowired
private Environment env; //设置阿里druid数据源
@Bean(name="dataSource")
public DataSource getDataSource() {
DruidDataSource druidDataSource = new DruidDataSource();
System.out.println("=============env============"+env.getProperty("jdbc.driverClassName"));
druidDataSource.setDriverClassName(env.getProperty("jdbc.driverClassName"));
druidDataSource.setUsername(env.getProperty("jdbc.username"));
druidDataSource.setPassword(env.getProperty("jdbc.password"));
druidDataSource.setUrl(env.getProperty("jdbc.url"));
//连接超时时间
druidDataSource.setMaxWait();
//最大存活时间
//druidDataSource.setMaxActive(10000);
// 配置间隔多久才进行一次检测，检测需要关闭的空闲连接，单位是毫秒
druidDataSource.setTimeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis();
//连接池中的最小生存时间
druidDataSource.setMinEvictableIdleTimeMillis();
//这里建议配置为TRUE，防止取到的连接不可用
druidDataSource.setTestOnBorrow(true);
druidDataSource.setTestOnReturn(false);
//自动提交
druidDataSource.setDefaultAutoCommit(true);
druidDataSource.setPoolPreparedStatements(true);
druidDataSource.setMaxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize();
return druidDataSource;
} // 配置SqlSessionFactory对象
public SqlSessionFactoryBean getSqSesionFactorys() throws IOException {
SqlSessionFactoryBean sqlSessionFactoryBean =new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
sqlSessionFactoryBean.setDataSource(getDataSource());
// sqlSessionFactoryBean.setConfigLocation(new ClassPathResource("mybatis-config.xml")); // 这里可以通过mybatis-config.xml 来设置 typeAliasPackage和mapper。
//这个setMapperLocations 必须把mapper文件放resources里面 不然获取文件
//扫描mybatis配置文件的
PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver resolver = new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver();
sqlSessionFactoryBean.setMapperLocations(resolver.getResources("classpath:mapper/*.xml"));
/* Resource[] mapperLocations = new Resource[] { new ClassPathResource("/com/ouyang/teson/mapper*//**//*.xml") };
sqlSessionFactoryBean.setMapperLocations(mapperLocations);*//*
*//* Resource resource =new ClassPathResource("mybatis.xml");
sqlSessionFactoryBean.setConfigLocation(resource);*/
//设置映射的bean类
sqlSessionFactoryBean.setTypeAliasesPackage("com.ouyang.teson.bean");
return sqlSessionFactoryBean;
} @Bean(name = "sqlSessionFactory")
public SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory() throws Exception {
SqlSessionFactoryBean factoryBean = getSqSesionFactorys();
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = factoryBean.getObject();
sqlSessionFactory.getConfiguration().setMapUnderscoreToCamelCase(true);// 开启驼峰映射
sqlSessionFactory.getConfiguration().setCacheEnabled(true);
//sqlSessionFactory.getConfiguration().setLazyLoadingEnabled(true);
sqlSessionFactory.getConfiguration().setAggressiveLazyLoading(false);
return sqlSessionFactory;
} @Bean(name = "transactionManager")
public DataSourceTransactionManager dataSourceTransactionManager() {
DataSourceTransactionManager dataSourceTransactionManager = new DataSourceTransactionManager();
dataSourceTransactionManager.setDataSource(this.getDataSource());
return dataSourceTransactionManager;
} @Bean
@Scope("prototype")
public SqlSessionTemplate sqlSessionTemplate() throws Exception {
SqlSessionTemplate template =new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory());
return template;
} }
3）webConfig.java
package com.ouyang.teson; import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.FilterType;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ResourceHandlerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver; /**
* Created by ThinkPad on 2017/6/15.
*/
@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc
@ComponentScan(basePackages = {"com.ouyang.teson"},useDefaultFilters = true)
public class WebConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter{ private final static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(WebConfig.class); public ViewResolver viewResolver() {
InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
viewResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/views/jsp/function/");
viewResolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
return viewResolver;
} //静态文件
@Override
public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
logger.info("addResourceHandlers");
registry.addResourceHandler("/static/**").addResourceLocations("/WEB-INF/static/");
} }
SpringMvc也设置了@ComponentScan，也会去扫相应的包，useDefaultFilters = true 会自动过滤 @Component@Repository, @Service, or @Controller 一些重复的；
4) resources 配置目录下 主要是两个文件：1,jdbc.properties ;2,logback.xml
以下是logback.xml,还稍微比较乱，拿其他项目的配置，顺便改了一下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration>
<property name="LOG_HOME" value="D:/logs2/" />
<appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
<encoder>
<pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level [%logger{}] - %msg%n
</pattern>
</encoder>
</appender>
<appender name="FILE"
class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
<file>${LOG_HOME}/dts_rpc_main.log</file> <rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
<!-- rollover daily -->
<fileNamePattern>${LOG_HOME}/logbak/dts_rpc_main-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.%i.log.zip</fileNamePattern>
<timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy
class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeAndTimeBasedFNATP">
<!-- or whenever the file size reaches 300MB -->
<maxFileSize>1000MB</maxFileSize>
</timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy>
</rollingPolicy> <!-- 日志输出格式 -->
<encoder>
<pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{} - %msg%n </pattern>
</encoder>
</appender> <logger name="com.ouyang.teson" level="INFO" additivity="false">
<appender-ref ref="FILE" />
</logger> <logger name="org.springframework" level="WARN" additivity="false">
<appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
</logger>
<logger name="org.springframework.boot" level="WARN" additivity="false">
<appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
</logger>
<logger name="org.mybatis" level="WARN" additivity="false">
<appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
</logger>
<logger name="org.apache" level="WARN" additivity="false">
<appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
</logger>
<logger name="com.ouyang" level="DEBUG" additivity="false">
<appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
</logger>
<logger name="com.alibaba" level="DEBUG" additivity="false">
<appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
</logger>
<root level="DEBUG">
<appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
</root>
</configuration>
5） pom.xml
导入的包，都是当下最新的包
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.ouyang</groupId>
<artifactId>Teson</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>Teson Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties>
<!-- spring版本号 -->
<spring.version>4.3..RELEASE</spring.version>
<!-- log4j日志文件管理包版本 -->
<slf4j.version>1.6.</slf4j.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.</log4j.version>
<!-- mybatis版本号 -->
<mybatis.version>3.4.</mybatis.version> </properties> <dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency> <!-- spring-core -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency> <!-- AspectJ Runtime -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
<version>1.8.</version>
</dependency>
<!-- AspectJ Weaver -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.8.</version>
</dependency> <!-- log 日志 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
<version>1.7.</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
<version>1.1.</version>
</dependency> <!-- mybatis -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.3.</version>
</dependency> <!-- mysql驱动包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.</version>
</dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba/druid -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.0.</version>
</dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.google.code.gson/gson -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
<artifactId>gson</artifactId>
<version>2.8.</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>RELEASE</version>
</dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency> </dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>Teson</finalName> <!--<build>
<finalName>app</finalName>
</build>-->
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.5.1</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin> <!--- 为防止 没有web.xml 情况下打包报错 -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
<configuration>
<failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins> </build>
</project>
基本的配置就这样，有基础基本都能看得懂
接下来，要说说怎么启动web服务器了
启动web服务
1）方法1
在servlet3.0之后，启动servlet，在spring里是可以直接通过java配置类进行加载servlet的。
springmvc 提供一个类AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer，该类创建了DispatcherServlet和ContextLoaderListener：getServletConfigClasses()返回的配置类定义了Spring MVC应用容器中的beans；getRootConfigClasses()返回的配置类定义了Spring应用根容器中的beans。
Spring MVC容器是根容器的子容器，子容器可以看到根容器中定义的beans，反之不行。
注意：通过AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer配置DispatcherServlet仅仅是传统的web.xml文件方式的另一个可选项。尽管你也可以使用AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer的一个子类引入web.xml文件来配置，但这没有必要。
可以参考文章：https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000004343063?_ea=575820
所以你只要自定一个类继承AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer ，你可以删掉web.xml了
webAppInitalzer.java
package com.ouyang.teson; import org.springframework.web.servlet.support.AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer; /**
* Created by ThinkPad on 2017/6/15.
*/
public class WebAppInitializer extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer { @Override
protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
return new Class[] { AppConfig.class };
} @Override
protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
return new Class[] { WebConfig.class };
} /**
* identifies one or more paths that DispatcherServlet will be mapped to.<br>
* In this case, it’s mapped to /, indicating that it will be the application’s default servlet.<br>
* It will handle all requests coming into the application.
*/
@Override
protected String[] getServletMappings() {
return new String[] { "/" };
} }
2) 方法2
你还是可以依然使用web.xml 来加载servlet，以下是web.xml的配置
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" > <web-app>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextClass</param-name>
<param-value>org.springframework.web.context.support.AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextClassLocation</param-name>
<param-value>com.ouyang.teson.AppConfig</param-value>
</context-param> <listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextClass</param-name>
<param-value>org.springframework.web.context.support.AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocations</param-name>
<param-value>com.ouyang.teson.WebConfig</param-value>
</init-param> <load-on-startup></load-on-startup>
</servlet> <servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping> <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
</web-app>
一些坑的总结
1）@PropertiesSource 该注解主要是导入配置属性的，可是如果该配置类里面，如果有@bean的方法加载失败，则会直接报@PropertiesSource的属性找不到，而是定位到具体的@bean配置出现问题。
查看源码，确实很难debug代码到具体的问题，层次太深了。
2）同一个配置类，@bean的方法，在处理@bean时，是把配置加载到List集合，然后统一实例化，如果有@bean的方法是通过ContentServlet去获取bean的可能获取不到而直接报错。
ConfigurationClassParser.java 是直接加载配置类注解的主要逻辑处理，处理流程是先加载配置文件@PropertiesSource,然后处理 ComponentScans注解，加载文件，接着是处理@Import 和@importSource注解，调用processImports(configClass, sourceClass, getImports(sourceClass), true)进行处理，处理导入的配置类如果没有异常，就会把bean加载到serveltcontenx里，在主配置类就可以注入使用，如果注入不了，说明导入的配置类有问题，接着处理配置中@Bean的方法，接着processInterfaces(configClass, sourceClass)处理继承接口的默认方法。其实这个过程中，是有重复加载的，@bean的方法实例化的对象也是有重复的过程，具体怎么实现没有跟踪下去。 有时间可以自己去跟踪一下代码。
3） 还有一个坑，就是mybatis的配置，PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver resolver = new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver();
sqlSessionFactoryBean.setMapperLocations(resolver.getResources("classpath:mapper/*.xml")); 这里配置到com.ouyang.teson.mapper 不起作用，原因是maven打包的时候不会把classpath下的xml打包进去，不过在resources下的配置文件是可以被打包进去的，所有必须把xml文件放到resources下面，才能在命名空间，映射到具体的sql。
建议：
1，配置的时候建议一步步来，不要一下配置得太多，而且一边配置，一边测试，那是最好的，避免配置太多无法一下子定位问题。