IP地址的隐藏
一、前言
本文主要介绍如何在程序中实现IP地址的隐藏。其实这篇东西不算我写的。其中《IP头结构》部分我懒得打字，故复制、粘贴了孤独剑客的文章，先说声谢谢！代码部分参考了外国程序xes写的一个程序。所以这只是学习过程中的一个副产品。既然程序已经做好了，就顺便放上来跟大家一起交流，共同提高吧。本文只不过想说明一下IP数据的结构和发送机制。如果有人把它改为恶意IP攻击工具，后果自负。
二、IP头结构
我们知道，TCP/IP网络数据全部是通过封装在IP数据包中在Internet网上传送的，也就是封装建立起一个包含IP头和数据的IP数据报。一般来说，网络软件总是以多个32位字产生IP头，即使必须用附加的0填充IP头。IP头包含了传输IP数据包中封装数据的所有必要信息。IP头的数据结构和描述如下：
成员 长度(Bit) 描述
Version 4 IP头的版本号，目前是IPv4，最新是IPv6
Header Length 4 IP头的长度，若没有特殊选择，IP头总是20字节长
Type of Service 8 服务类型，定义了数据传输的优先级、延迟、吞吐量和可靠性等特性
Total Packet Length 16 IP包的长度，若没有特殊选项，一般为20字节长
Identification 16 IP包标识，主机使用它唯一确定每个发送的数据报
Flag 3 IP数据分割标志
Fragment Offset 13 IP数据分割偏移
Time to Live 8 数据报在网络上的存活时间，每通过一个路由器，该数值减一
Protocol 8 TCP/IP协议类型，比如：ICMP为1，IGMP为2，TCP为6，UDP为17等
Header Checksum 16 头部检验和
Source IP Address 32 源IP地址
Destination IP Address 32 目的IP地址
Other ? 其他选项
Data ? 数据
实现自己定义的IP头是一件非常有意义的事情，比如，通过改变IP头里的TOS的优先级和TTL，你可以使自己的数据包有更强的传输能力和寿命，通过修改IP头里的源IP地址就可以隐藏自己机器的IP地址等等。象著名攻击程序“泪滴TearDrop”就是通过故意制造系统不能处理的分片IP包而实现的，还有SYN Flooder和UDP Flooder就是通过产生随机源IP实现欺骗的。
三、实现原理
一般来说，自定义IP头是通过使用socket的库函数setsockopt()的选项IP_HDRINCL来实现的，尽管这在unix和linux平台上很容易实现，但遗憾的是在Windows平台的Winsock1.1和Winsock2.0函数库里setsockopt()不支持IP_HDRINCL选项，所以在Windows 9x/NT里是无法通过Winsock函数库来实现IP头自定义的，当然可以通过编写虚拟设备驱动程序来实现，不过比较复杂，但Windows 2000的出现打破了这种局面，Windows2000的Winsock2.2函数库里全面支持setsockopt()的选项IP_HDRINCL，使得我们轻松就可以实现自定义的IP头。实现方法如下：
四、代码部分
{
1. 本程序只能运行于 Window 2000.
2. 你必须有 Administrator 权限.
3. 程序需要用到一个 button 和一个 memo.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
运行程序前，请根据自己的需要改变 SrcIP、SrcPort、DestIP和DestPort的值
----------------------------------------------------------------------
如果你看不懂以下代码，最好不要去运行它。
----------------------------------------------------------------------
}
unit Unit1;
interface
uses
Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms, Dialogs,
StdCtrls, OleCtrls, Registry;
Const
SrcIP = ‘123.123.123.1‘;//发送方IP地址
SrcPort = 1234; file://发送方端口
DestIP = ‘127.0.0.2‘; file://目的IP地址
DestPort = 4321; file://目的端口
Max_Message = 4068;
Max_Packet = 4096;
type
TPacketBuffer = Array[0..Max_Packet-1] of byte;
TForm1 = class(TForm)
Button1: TButton;
Memo1: TMemo;
procedure Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
private
{ Private declarations }
public
{ Public declarations }
procedure SendIt;
end;
// IP 头
type
T_IP_Header = record
ip_verlen : Byte;
ip_tos : Byte;
ip_totallength : Word;
ip_id : Word;
ip_offset : Word;
ip_ttl : Byte;
ip_protocol : Byte;
ip_checksum : Word;
ip_srcaddr : LongWord;
ip_destaddr : LongWord;
end;
// UDP 头
Type
T_UDP_Header = record
src_portno : Word;
dst_portno : Word;
udp_length : Word;
udp_checksum : Word;
end;
// 一些 Winsock 2 的类型声明
u_char = Char;
u_short = Word;
u_int = Integer;
u_long = Longint;
SunB = packed record
s_b1, s_b2, s_b3, s_b4: u_char;
end;
SunW = packed record
s_w1, s_w2: u_short;
end;
in_addr = record
case integer of
0: (S_un_b: SunB);
1: (S_un_w: SunW);
2: (S_addr: u_long);
end;
TInAddr = in_addr;
Sockaddr_in = record
case Integer of
0: (sin_family: u_short;
sin_port: u_short;
sin_addr: TInAddr;
sin_zero: array[0..7] of Char);
1: (sa_family: u_short;
sa_data: array[0..13] of Char)
end;
TSockAddr = Sockaddr_in;
TSocket = u_int;
const
WSADESCRIPTION_LEN = 256;
WSASYS_STATUS_LEN = 128;
type
PWSAData = ^TWSAData;
WSAData = record // WSDATA
wVersion: Word;
wHighVersion: Word;
szDescription: array[0..WSADESCRIPTION_LEN] of Char;
szSystemStatus: array[0..WSASYS_STATUS_LEN] of Char;
iMaxSockets: Word;
iMaxUdpDg: Word;
lpVendorInfo: PChar;
end;
TWSAData = WSAData;
file://定义一些 winsock 2 函数
function closesocket(s: TSocket): Integer; stdcall;
function socket(af, Struct, protocol: Integer): TSocket; stdcall;
function sendto(s: TSocket; var Buf; len, flags: Integer; var addrto: TSockAddr;
tolen: Integer): Integer; stdcall;{}
function setsockopt(s: TSocket; level, optname: Integer; optval: PChar;
optlen: Integer): Integer; stdcall;
function inet_addr(cp: PChar): u_long; stdcall; {PInAddr;} { TInAddr }
function htons(hostshort: u_short): u_short; stdcall;
function WSAGetLastError: Integer; stdcall;
function WSAStartup(wVersionRequired: word; var WSData: TWSAData): Integer; stdcall;
function WSACleanup: Integer; stdcall;
const
AF_INET = 2; // internetwork: UDP, TCP, etc.
IP_HDRINCL = 2; // IP Header Include
SOCK_RAW = 3; // raw-protocol interface
IPPROTO_IP = 0; // dummy for IP
IPPROTO_TCP = 6; // tcp
IPPROTO_UDP = 17; // user datagram protocol
IPPROTO_RAW = 255; // raw IP packet
INVALID_SOCKET = TSocket(NOT(0));
SOCKET_ERROR = -1;
var
Form1: TForm1;
implementation
// Import Winsock 2 functions
const WinSocket = ‘WS2_32.DLL‘;
function closesocket; external winsocket name ‘closesocket‘;
function socket; external winsocket name ‘socket‘;
function sendto; external winsocket name ‘sendto‘;
function setsockopt; external winsocket name ‘setsockopt‘;
function inet_addr; external winsocket name ‘inet_addr‘;
function htons; external winsocket name ‘htons‘;
function WSAGetLastError; external winsocket name ‘WSAGetLastError‘;
function WSAStartup; external winsocket name ‘WSAStartup‘;
function WSACleanup; external winsocket name ‘WSACleanup‘;
{$R *.DFM}
function CheckSum(Var Buffer; Size : integer) : Word;
type
TWordArray = Array[0..1] of Word;
var
ChkSum : LongWord;
i : Integer;
begin
ChkSum := 0;
i := 0;
While Size > 1 do begin
ChkSum := ChkSum + TWordArray(Buffer);
inc(i);
Size := Size - SizeOf(Word);
end;
if Size=1 then ChkSum := ChkSum + Byte(TWordArray(Buffer));
ChkSum := (ChkSum shr 16) + (ChkSum and $FFFF);
ChkSum := ChkSum + (Chksum shr 16);
Result := Word(ChkSum);
end;
procedure BuildHeaders(
FromIP : String;
iFromPort : Word;
ToIP : String;
iToPort : Word;
StrMessage : String;
Var Buf : TPacketBuffer;
Var remote : TSockAddr;
Var iTotalSize : Word
);
Var
dwFromIP : LongWord;
dwToIP : LongWord;
iIPVersion : Word;
iIPSize : Word;
ipHdr : T_IP_Header;
udpHdr : T_UDP_Header;
iUdpSize : Word;
iUdpChecksumSize : Word;
cksum : Word;
Ptr : ^Byte;
procedure IncPtr(Value : Integer);
begin
ptr := pointer(integer(ptr) + Value);
end;
begin
// Convert ip address‘ss
dwFromIP := inet_Addr(PChar(FromIP));
dwToIP := inet_Addr(PChar(ToIP));
// 初始化 IP 头
//
iTotalSize := sizeof(ipHdr) + sizeof(udpHdr) + length(strMessage);
iIPVersion := 4;
iIPSize := sizeof(ipHdr) div sizeof(LongWord);
ipHdr.ip_verlen := (iIPVersion shl 4) or iIPSize;
ipHdr.ip_tos := 0; // IP type of service
ipHdr.ip_totallength := htons(iTotalSize); // Total packet len
ipHdr.ip_id := 0; // Unique identifier: set to 0
ipHdr.ip_offset := 0; // Fragment offset field
ipHdr.ip_ttl := 128; // Time to live
ipHdr.ip_protocol := $11; // Protocol(UDP)
ipHdr.ip_checksum := 0 ; // IP checksum
ipHdr.ip_srcaddr := dwFromIP; // Source address
ipHdr.ip_destaddr := dwToIP; // Destination address
//
// 初始化 UDP 头
//
iUdpSize := sizeof(udpHdr) + length(strMessage);
udpHdr.src_portno := htons(iFromPort) ;
udpHdr.dst_portno := htons(iToPort) ;
udpHdr.udp_length := htons(iUdpSize) ;
udpHdr.udp_checksum := 0 ;
iUdpChecksumSize := 0;
ptr := @buf[0];
FillChar(Buf, SizeOf(Buf), 0);
Move(ipHdr.ip_srcaddr, ptr^, SizeOf(ipHdr.ip_srcaddr));
IncPtr(SizeOf(ipHdr.ip_srcaddr));
iUdpChecksumSize := iUdpChecksumSize + sizeof(ipHdr.ip_srcaddr);
Move(ipHdr.ip_destaddr, ptr^, SizeOf(ipHdr.ip_destaddr));
IncPtr(SizeOf(ipHdr.ip_destaddr));
iUdpChecksumSize := iUdpChecksumSize + sizeof(ipHdr.ip_destaddr);
IncPtr(1);
Inc(iUdpChecksumSize);
Move(ipHdr.ip_protocol, ptr^, sizeof(ipHdr.ip_protocol));
IncPtr(sizeof(ipHdr.ip_protocol));
iUdpChecksumSize := iUdpChecksumSize + sizeof(ipHdr.ip_protocol);
Move(udpHdr.udp_length, ptr^, sizeof(udpHdr.udp_length));
IncPtr(sizeof(udpHdr.udp_length));
iUdpChecksumSize := iUdpChecksumSize + sizeof(udpHdr.udp_length);
move(udpHdr, ptr^, sizeof(udpHdr));
IncPtr(sizeof(udpHdr));
iUdpChecksumSize := iUdpCheckSumSize + sizeof(udpHdr);
Move(StrMessage[1], ptr^, Length(strMessage));
IncPtr(Length(StrMessage));
iUdpChecksumSize := iUdpChecksumSize + length(strMessage);
cksum := checksum(buf, iUdpChecksumSize);
udpHdr.udp_checksum := cksum;
//
// 现在 IP 和 UDP 头OK了，我们可以把它发送出去。
//
FillChar(Buf, SizeOf(Buf), 0);
Ptr := @Buf[0];
Move(ipHdr, ptr^, SizeOf(ipHdr)); IncPtr(SizeOf(ipHdr));
Move(udpHdr, ptr^, SizeOf(udpHdr)); IncPtr(SizeOf(udpHdr));
Move(StrMessage[1], ptr^, length(StrMessage));
remote.sin_family := AF_INET;
remote.sin_port := htons(iToPort);
remote.sin_addr.s_addr := dwToIP;
end;
procedure TForm1.SendIt;
Var
sh : TSocket;
bOpt : Integer;
ret : Integer;
Buf : TPacketBuffer;
Remote : TSockAddr;
Local : TSockAddr;
iTotalSize : Word;
wsdata : TWSAdata;
begin
// Startup Winsock 2
ret := WSAStartup($0002, wsdata);
if ret<>0 then begin
memo1.lines.add(‘WSA Startup failed.‘);
exit;
end;
with memo1.lines do begin
add(‘WSA Startup:‘);
add(‘Desc.: ‘+wsData.szDescription);
add(‘Status: ‘+wsData.szSystemStatus);
end;
try
// Create socket
sh := Socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_UDP);
if (sh = INVALID_SOCKET) then begin
memo1.lines.add(‘Socket() failed: ‘+IntToStr(WSAGetLastError));
exit;
end;
Memo1.lines.add(‘Socket Handle = ‘+IntToStr(sh));
// Option: Header Include
bOpt := 1;
ret := SetSockOpt(sh, IPPROTO_IP, IP_HDRINCL, @bOpt, SizeOf(bOpt));
if ret = SOCKET_ERROR then begin
Memo1.lines.add(‘setsockopt(IP_HDRINCL) failed: ‘+IntToStr(WSAGetLastError));
exit;
end;
// Build the packet
BuildHeaders( SrcIP, SrcPort,
DestIP, DestPort,
‘THIS IS A TEST PACKET‘,
Buf, Remote, iTotalSize );
// Send the packet
ret := SendTo(sh, buf, iTotalSize, 0, Remote, SizeOf(Remote));
if ret = SOCKET_ERROR then
Memo1.Lines.Add(‘sendto() failed: ‘+IntToStr(WSAGetLastError))
else
Memo1.Lines.Add(‘send ‘+IntToStr(ret)+‘ bytes.‘);
// Close socket
CloseSocket(sh);
finally
// Close Winsock 2
WSACleanup;
end;
end;
procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
begin
SendIt;
end;
end.