我发现下面的代码应该以编程方式更改控制台字体大小.我在Windows 10上.

但是,无论我调整什么值,我似乎都无法控制字体大小,并且由于某种原因,运行此脚本时打开的控制台非常宽.

我不知道ctypes是如何工作的-我只想从Python内部修改控制台字体的大小.

有什么实际可行的解决方案吗？

import ctypes

LF_FACESIZE = 32
STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE = -11

class COORD(ctypes.Structure):
    _fields_ = [("X", ctypes.c_short), ("Y", ctypes.c_short)]

class CONSOLE_FONT_INFOEX(ctypes.Structure):
    _fields_ = [("cbSize", ctypes.c_ulong),
                ("nFont", ctypes.c_ulong),
                ("dwFontSize", COORD),
                ("FontFamily", ctypes.c_uint),
                ("FontWeight", ctypes.c_uint),
                ("FaceName", ctypes.c_wchar * LF_FACESIZE)]

font = CONSOLE_FONT_INFOEX()
font.cbSize = ctypes.sizeof(CONSOLE_FONT_INFOEX)
font.nFont = 12
font.dwFontSize.X = 11
font.dwFontSize.Y = 18
font.FontFamily = 54
font.FontWeight = 400
font.FaceName = "Lucida Console"

handle = ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE)
ctypes.windll.kernel32.SetCurrentConsoleFontEx(
        handle, ctypes.c_long(False), ctypes.pointer(font))


print("Foo")

解决方法:

我想先指出以下任何一个：

> [SO]: Python ctypes cdll.LoadLibrary, instantiate an object, execute its method, private variable address truncated
(@CristiFati’s answer)
> [SO]: python ctypes issue on different OSes (@CristiFati’s answer)

ctypes页面(也在上面的URL中列出)：[Python 3.Docs]: ctypes – A foreign function library for Python

我将您的代码更改为“位”.

code.py：

#!/usr/bin/env python

import sys
from ctypes import POINTER, WinDLL, Structure, sizeof, byref
from ctypes.wintypes import BOOL, SHORT, WCHAR, UINT, ULONG, DWORD, HANDLE


LF_FACESIZE = 32
STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE = -11


class COORD(Structure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("X", SHORT),
        ("Y", SHORT),
    ]


class CONSOLE_FONT_INFOEX(Structure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("cbSize", ULONG),
        ("nFont", DWORD),
        ("dwFontSize", COORD),
        ("FontFamily", UINT),
        ("FontWeight", UINT),
        ("FaceName", WCHAR * LF_FACESIZE)
    ]


kernel32_dll = WinDLL("kernel32.dll")

get_last_error_func = kernel32_dll.GetLastError
get_last_error_func.argtypes = []
get_last_error_func.restype = DWORD

get_std_handle_func = kernel32_dll.GetStdHandle
get_std_handle_func.argtypes = [DWORD]
get_std_handle_func.restype = HANDLE

get_current_console_font_ex_func = kernel32_dll.GetCurrentConsoleFontEx
get_current_console_font_ex_func.argtypes = [HANDLE, BOOL, POINTER(CONSOLE_FONT_INFOEX)]
get_current_console_font_ex_func.restype = BOOL

set_current_console_font_ex_func = kernel32_dll.SetCurrentConsoleFontEx
set_current_console_font_ex_func.argtypes = [HANDLE, BOOL, POINTER(CONSOLE_FONT_INFOEX)]
set_current_console_font_ex_func.restype = BOOL


def main():
    # Get stdout handle
    stdout = get_std_handle_func(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE)
    if not stdout:
        print("{:s} error: {:d}".format(get_std_handle_func.__name__, get_last_error_func()))
        return
    # Get current font characteristics
    font = CONSOLE_FONT_INFOEX()
    font.cbSize = sizeof(CONSOLE_FONT_INFOEX)
    res = get_current_console_font_ex_func(stdout, False, byref(font))
    if not res:
        print("{:s} error: {:d}".format(get_current_console_font_ex_func.__name__, get_last_error_func()))
        return
    # Display font information
    print("Console information for {:}".format(font))
    for field_name, _ in font._fields_:
        field_data = getattr(font, field_name)
        if field_name == "dwFontSize":
            print("    {:s}: {{X: {:d}, Y: {:d}}}".format(field_name, field_data.X, field_data.Y))
        else:
            print("    {:s}: {:}".format(field_name, field_data))
    while 1:
        try:
            height = int(input("\nEnter font height (invalid to exit): "))
        except:
            break
        # Alter font height
        font.dwFontSize.X = 10  # Changing X has no effect (at least on my machine)
        font.dwFontSize.Y = height
        # Apply changes
        res = set_current_console_font_ex_func(stdout, False, byref(font))
        if not res:
            print("{:s} error: {:d}".format(set_current_console_font_ex_func.__name__, get_last_error_func()))
            return
        print("OMG! The window changed :)")
        # Get current font characteristics again and display font size
        res = get_current_console_font_ex_func(stdout, False, byref(font))
        if not res:
            print("{:s} error: {:d}".format(get_current_console_font_ex_func.__name__, get_last_error_func()))
            return
        print("\nNew sizes    X: {:d}, Y: {:d}".format(font.dwFontSize.X, font.dwFontSize.Y))


if __name__ == "__main__":
    print("Python {:s} on {:s}\n".format(sys.version, sys.platform))
    main()

笔记：

> ctypes允许类似于C的低级访问(仅语法为Python)
>代码使用[MS.Docs]: SetConsoleTextAttribute function

>为了避免设置无效的值,它与对应的值结合使用：[MS.Docs]: GetCurrentConsoleFontEx function.调用该函数以填充CONSOLE_FONT_INFOEX结构,然后仅修改所需的值
>有“更简单”的功能(例如[MS.Docs]: GetCurrentConsoleFont function或[MS.Docs]: GetConsoleFontSize function),但是很遗憾,没有相应的设置器

>使用ctypes.wintypes常量(引用标准ctypes类型)(使代码具有Win之类的味道)
>这很长(几乎很痛苦)长(也是因为我添加了适当的错误处理)
>根据[SO]: Change console font in Windows(从中复制代码的位置)的答案之一所建议的一种替代方法是,安装第三方模块(例如[GitHub]: mhammond/pywin32 – Python for Windows (pywin32) Extensions,它是WINAPI上的Python包装器),这将需要较少的代码编写, Python和C之间的桥接将已经实现,并且可能仅需几行即可完成上述功能
>正如我在代码中评论的那样,设置COORD.X似乎被忽略了.但是在设置COORD.Y时会自动设置(设置为接近COORD.Y // 2的值-可能会保留宽高比).在我的计算机(Win 10 x64)上,默认值为16.Yo可能希望将其重新设置为最后,以避免使控制台处于“受挑战的”状态(显然,Win将cmd窗口大小调整为)与字体大小同步)：