app端自动化POM

2023-11-26 09:41:04

一： POM 及 POM 设计原理 POM(page object model) 页面对象模型，主要应用于 UI 自动化测试框架的搭建，主流设计模式之一，页面对象模型：结合面向对象编程思路：把项目的每个页面当做一个对象进行编程 python 基础：什么是对象？ python 中对象 = 属性 + 行为通过类定义 = 具有相同属性 + 相同行为对象集合二： POM 一版分为四层 第一层 :basepage 层 : 描述每个页面相同的属性及行为第二层： pageobject 层 ( 每个的独有特征及独有的行为 ) 第三层： testcase 层 ( 用例层，描述项目业务流程 ) 第四层： testdata( 数据层 ) 三 : 代码实现 3.1 ：非 po 模型 ( 夜神中 qq 登录 )

from appium import webdriver 
caps = {} 
caps["platformName"] = "Android" 
caps["deviceName"] = "127.0.0.1:62001" 
caps["appPackage"] = "com.tencent.mobileqq" 
caps["appActivity"] = "com.tencent.mobileqq.activity.LoginActivity" 
driver = webdriver.Remote("http://localhost:4723/wd/hub", caps) 
driver.implicitly_wait(30)
el2 = driver.find_element_by_id("com.tencent.mobileqq:id/btn_login") 
el2.click()
el3 = driver.find_element_by_accessibility_id("请输入QQ号码或手机或邮箱") 
el3.clear() el3.send_keys("2697854965") 
el4 = driver.find_element_by_accessibility_id("密码 安全") 
el4.clear() el4.send_keys("2697854965") 
el5 = driver.find_element_by_accessibility_id("登 录") 
el5.click()

3.2 ： po 模型操作 3.2.1 ： basepage( 封装公共的属性和行为 )

class BasePages:
    def init (self,driver): self.driver = driver
#元素定位
    def locator(self,*loc):
        return self.driver.find_element(*loc) #清空
    def clear(self,*loc): self.locator(*loc).clear()
    #输入
    def input(self,test,*loc): self.locator(*loc).send_keys(test)
    #点击
    def click(self,*loc): self.locator(*loc).click()
    #滑动(上下左右滑动)
    def swipe(self,start_x,start_y,end_x,end_y,duration=0): #获取屏幕的尺寸
        window_size = self.driver.get_window_size()
        x = window_size["width"]
        y = window_size["height"]
        self.driver.swipe(start_x=x*start_x,
                          start_y=y*start_y,
                          end_x= x*end_x,
                          end_y=y*end_y,
                          duration=duration)

3.2.2: 业务页代码 3.2.2.1:daohang_page.py( 导航模块 )

from app_pom.base.basepage import BasePages
from appium.webdriver.common.mobileby import MobileBy
class DaoHang(BasePages):
    def __init__(self, driver):
        BasePages.__init__(self, driver)

    def click_login(self):
        self.click(MobileBy.ID, "com.tencent.mobileqq:id/btn_login")

3.2.2.2:login_page.py( 登录模块 )

from app_pom.base.basepage import BasePages
from appium.webdriver.common.mobileby import MobileBy

class Login(BasePages):
    def __init__(self,driver):
        BasePages.__init__(self,driver)

    def send_zh(self,text):
        BasePages.input(text,MobileBy.ACCESSIBILITY_ID,"请输入QQ号码或手机或邮箱")

    def send_pw(self,text):
        BasePages.input(text,MobileBy.ACCESSIBILITY_ID,"密码 安全")

    def click_login(self):
        BasePages.input(MobileBy.ID,"登 录")

3.2.3: 单元测试模块

import unittest
from appium import webdriver
from app_pom.pages.daohang_page import DaoHang
from app_pom.pages.login_page import Login
import time
class TestClass(unittest.TestCase):
    @classmethod
    def setUpClass(cls) -> None:
        caps = {}
        caps["platformName"] = "Android"
        caps["deviceName"] = "127.0.0.1:62001"
        caps["platformVersion"] = "5.1.1"
        caps["appPackage"] = "com.tencent.mobileqq"
        caps["appActivity"] = "com.tencent.mobileqq.activity.LoginActivity"
        cls.driver = webdriver.Remote("http://localhost:4723/wd/hub", caps)
        cls.driver.implicitly_wait(30)

    def test_daohang(self):
        dh =DaoHang(self.driver)
        dh.click_login()

    def test_login(self):
        l = Login(self.driver)
        l.send_zh("2697854965")
        l.send_pw("***********")
        l.click_login()


    @classmethod
    def tearDownClass(cls) -> None:
        time.sleep(20)
        cls.driver.quit()
if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()

四：引入 yuml 文件 yaml 文件：数据层次清晰，可以跨平台，支持多种语言使用 ( 可以适用于别的 app) 优化代码：提取 basepage 中的配置客户端数据（将配置的数据放在 yaml 中）创建 config-- config.yaml

caps:
  platformName: Android
  deviceName: 127.0.0.1:62001
  appPackage: com.tencent.mobileqq
  appActivity: com.tencent.mobileqq.activity.LoginActivity
  platformVersion: 5.1.1

调用 yaml 文件，需要导入 pip install pyYAML 创建 common--read yaml.py

import yaml,os
def readYaml(path):
    with open(path,"r",encoding="utf-8") as file:
        data = yaml.load(stream=file,Loader=yaml.FullLoader)
        return data
print(os.path.join(os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))),"data/config.yaml"))

修改单元测试模块代码

import unittest
from appium import webdriver
from app_pom.pages.daohang_page import DaoHang
from app_pom.pages.login_page import Login
from app_pom.common.read_yaml import readYaml
import os
import time
class TestClass(unittest.TestCase):
    @classmethod
    def setUpClass(cls) -> None:
        # caps = {}
        # caps["platformName"] = "Android"
        # caps["deviceName"] = "127.0.0.1:62001"
        # caps["platformVersion"] = "5.1.1"
        # caps["appPackage"] = "com.tencent.mobileqq"
        # caps["appActivity"] = "com.tencent.mobileqq.activity.LoginActivity"
        data = readYaml(os.path.join(os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))),"data/config.yaml"))
        cls.driver = webdriver.Remote("http://localhost:4723/wd/hub", data["caps"])
        cls.driver.implicitly_wait(30)

    def test_daohang(self):
        dh =DaoHang(self.driver)
        dh.click_login()

    def test_login(self):
        l = Login(self.driver)
        l.send_zh("2697854965")
        l.send_pw("************")
        l.click_login()


    @classmethod
    def tearDownClass(cls) -> None:
        time.sleep(20)
        cls.driver.quit()
if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()

五：数据驱动 在 pytest 中使用 @pytest.mark.parametrize() 修饰器

import unittest,pytest,os
from appium import webdriver
from app_pom.pages.daohang_page import DaoHang
from app_pom.pages.login_page import Login
from app_pom.common.read_yaml import readYaml
import time
class TestClass(unittest.TestCase):
    @classmethod
    def setUpClass(cls) -> None:
        # caps = {}
        # caps["platformName"] = "Android"
        # caps["deviceName"] = "127.0.0.1:62001"
        # caps["platformVersion"] = "5.1.1"
        # caps["appPackage"] = "com.tencent.mobileqq"
        # caps["appActivity"] = "com.tencent.mobileqq.activity.LoginActivity"
        data = readYaml(os.path.join(os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))),"data/config.yaml"))
        cls.driver = webdriver.Remote("http://localhost:4723/wd/hub", data["caps"])
        cls.driver.implicitly_wait(30)

    def test_daohang(self):
        dh =DaoHang(self.driver)
        dh.click_login()
    @pytest.mark.parametrize("username,password",[("2697854965","***********")])
    def test_login(self,username,password):
        l = Login(self.driver)
        l.send_zh(username)
        l.send_pw(password)
        l.click_login()


    @classmethod
    def tearDownClass(cls) -> None:
        time.sleep(20)
        cls.driver.quit()
if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()

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