一、下载及启动：
二、常见操作：
１image
1.1 获取和列出镜像
# 获取镜像命令格式：docker pull [选项] [Docker Registry 地址[:端口号]/]仓库名[:标签]
$ docker pull ubuntu:18.04
18.04: Pulling from library/ubuntu
92dc2a97ff99: Pull complete
be13a9d27eb8: Pull complete
c8299583700a: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:4bc3ae6596938cb0d9e5ac51a1152ec9dcac2a1c50829c74abd9c4361e321b26
Status: Downloaded newer image for ubuntu:18.04
docker.io/library/ubuntu:18.04
# 运行查看
$ docker run -it --rm ubuntu:18.04 bash
root@e7009c6ce357:/# cat /etc/os-release
NAME="Ubuntu"
VERSION="18.04.1 LTS (Bionic Beaver)"
ID=ubuntu
ID_LIKE=debian
PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS"
VERSION_ID="18.04"
HOME_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://help.ubuntu.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"
PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/legal/terms-and-policies/privacy-policy"
VERSION_CODENAME=bionic
UBUNTU_CODENAME=bionic
# 列出镜像
$ docker image ls
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
redis latest 5f515359c7f8 5 days ago 183 MB
nginx latest 05a60462f8ba 5 days ago 181 MB
mongo 3.2 fe9198c04d62 5 days ago 342 MB
<none> <none> 00285df0df87 5 days ago 342 MB
ubuntu 18.04 329ed837d508 3 days ago 63.3MB
ubuntu bionic 329ed837d508 3 days ago 63.3MB1.2 删除和上传镜像
1.3 dockerfile
1.4 image 其他操作
2 container
2.1 查看容器：
docker ps -a
docker container ls
(base) user@ubuntu:~$ docker ps --help
Usage: docker ps [OPTIONS]
List containers
Options:
-a, --all Show all containers (default shows just running)
-f, --filter filter Filter output based on conditions provided
--format string Pretty-print containers using a Go template
-n, --last int Show n last created containers (includes all states) (default -1)
-l, --latest Show the latest created container (includes all states)
--no-trunc Don't truncate output
-q, --quiet Only display container IDs
-s, --size Display total file sizes
2.2 创建及删除容器
(base) user@ubuntu:~$ docker run --help Usage: docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...] Run a command in a new container Options: --add-host list Add a custom host-to-IP mapping (host:ip) -a, --attach list Attach to STDIN, STDOUT or STDERR --blkio-weight uint16 Block IO (relative weight), between 10 and 1000, or 0 to disable (default 0) --blkio-weight-device list Block IO weight (relative device weight) (default []) --cap-add list Add Linux capabilities --cap-drop list Drop Linux capabilities --cgroup-parent string Optional parent cgroup for the container --cgroupns string Cgroup namespace to use (host|private) 'host': Run the container in the Docker host's cgroup namespace 'private': Run the container in its own private cgroup namespace '': Use the cgroup namespace as configured by the default-cgroupns-mode option on the daemon (default) --cidfile string Write the container ID to the file --cpu-period int Limit CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) period --cpu-quota int Limit CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) quota --cpu-rt-period int Limit CPU real-time period in microseconds --cpu-rt-runtime int Limit CPU real-time runtime in microseconds -c, --cpu-shares int CPU shares (relative weight) --cpus decimal Number of CPUs --cpuset-cpus string CPUs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1) --cpuset-mems string MEMs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1) -d, --detach Run container in background and print container ID --detach-keys string Override the key sequence for detaching a container --device list Add a host device to the container --device-cgroup-rule list Add a rule to the cgroup allowed devices list --device-read-bps list Limit read rate (bytes per second) from a device (default []) --device-read-iops list Limit read rate (IO per second) from a device (default []) --device-write-bps list Limit write rate (bytes per second) to a device (default []) --device-write-iops list Limit write rate (IO per second) to a device (default []) --disable-content-trust Skip image verification (default true) --dns list Set custom DNS servers --dns-option list Set DNS options --dns-search list Set custom DNS search domains --domainname string Container NIS domain name --entrypoint string Overwrite the default ENTRYPOINT of the image -e, --env list Set environment variables --env-file list Read in a file of environment variables --expose list Expose a port or a range of ports --gpus gpu-request GPU devices to add to the container ('all' to pass all GPUs) --group-add list Add additional groups to join --health-cmd string Command to run to check health --health-interval duration Time between running the check (ms|s|m|h) (default 0s) --health-retries int Consecutive failures needed to report unhealthy --health-start-period duration Start period for the container to initialize before starting health-retries countdown (ms|s|m|h) (default 0s) --health-timeout duration Maximum time to allow one check to run (ms|s|m|h) (default 0s) --help Print usage -h, --hostname string Container host name --init Run an init inside the container that forwards signals and reaps processes -i, --interactive Keep STDIN open even if not attached --ip string IPv4 address (e.g., 172.30.100.104) --ip6 string IPv6 address (e.g., 2001:db8::33) --ipc string IPC mode to use --isolation string Container isolation technology --kernel-memory bytes Kernel memory limit -l, --label list Set meta data on a container --label-file list Read in a line delimited file of labels --link list Add link to another container --link-local-ip list Container IPv4/IPv6 link-local addresses --log-driver string Logging driver for the container --log-opt list Log driver options --mac-address string Container MAC address (e.g., 92:d0:c6:0a:29:33) -m, --memory bytes Memory limit --memory-reservation bytes Memory soft limit --memory-swap bytes Swap limit equal to memory plus swap: '-1' to enable unlimited swap --memory-swappiness int Tune container memory swappiness (0 to 100) (default -1) --mount mount Attach a filesystem mount to the container --name string Assign a name to the container --network network Connect a container to a network --network-alias list Add network-scoped alias for the container --no-healthcheck Disable any container-specified HEALTHCHECK --oom-kill-disable Disable OOM Killer --oom-score-adj int Tune host's OOM preferences (-1000 to 1000) --pid string PID namespace to use --pids-limit int Tune container pids limit (set -1 for unlimited) --platform string Set platform if server is multi-platform capable --privileged Give extended privileges to this container -p, --publish list Publish a container's port(s) to the host -P, --publish-all Publish all exposed ports to random ports --pull string Pull image before running ("always"|"missing"|"never") (default "missing") --read-only Mount the container's root filesystem as read only --restart string Restart policy to apply when a container exits (default "no") --rm Automatically remove the container when it exits --runtime string Runtime to use for this container --security-opt list Security Options --shm-size bytes Size of /dev/shm --sig-proxy Proxy received signals to the process (default true) --stop-signal string Signal to stop a container (default "SIGTERM") --stop-timeout int Timeout (in seconds) to stop a container --storage-opt list Storage driver options for the container --sysctl map Sysctl options (default map[]) --tmpfs list Mount a tmpfs directory -t, --tty Allocate a pseudo-TTY --ulimit ulimit Ulimit options (default []) -u, --user string Username or UID (format: <name|uid>[:<group|gid>]) --userns string User namespace to use --uts string UTS namespace to use -v, --volume list Bind mount a volume --volume-driver string Optional volume driver for the container --volumes-from list Mount volumes from the specified container(s) -w, --workdir string Working directory inside the container
2.2.1 常用创建命令
# docker run 命令格式：
docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]
$ docker run ubuntu:18.04 /bin/echo 'Hello world'
Hello world
$ docker run -t -i ubuntu:18.04 /bin/bash
root@af8bae53bdd3:/#
# -i 交互使用，-t 显示容器运行终端。常常连在一起使用：-it2.2.2 启动，终止，重启和删除容器容器
docker container start container_name # 启动容器
docker container stop container_name # 终止容器
docker container restart container_name # 重启容器
docker container rm container_name # 删除容器
# container_name :容器名2.2.3 进入容器
docker exec -it container_name
docker attach container_name # 在容器stdin中exit,退出容器后会终止容器2.2.4 导出导入容器 ： （待续ing）
2.2. 5 容器重命名等其他命令
(base) user@ubuntu:~$ docker container --help
Usage: docker container COMMAND
Manage containers
Commands:
attach Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a running container
commit Create a new image from a container's changes
cp Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem
create Create a new container
diff Inspect changes to files or directories on a container's filesystem
exec Run a command in a running container
export Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive
inspect Display detailed information on one or more containers
kill Kill one or more running containers
logs Fetch the logs of a container
ls List containers
pause Pause all processes within one or more containers
port List port mappings or a specific mapping for the container
prune Remove all stopped containers
rename Rename a container
restart Restart one or more containers
rm Remove one or more containers
run Run a command in a new container
start Start one or more stopped containers
stats Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics
stop Stop one or more running containers
top Display the running processes of a container
unpause Unpause all processes within one or more containers
update Update configuration of one or more containers
wait Block until one or more containers stop, then print their exit codes
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