matplotlib.pyplot.bar(x, height, width=0.8, bottom=None, *, align='center', data=None, **kwargs)
功能
此函数用来画条形图
参数
x：为条形图的横坐标，格式float or array-like
height：条形图的高，格式float or array-like
width：条形图的宽，格式loat or array-like, 默认为0.8
bottom:The y coordinate(s) of the bars bases.格式float or array-like, 默认为0
align：矩形条与x的对齐方式，默认为中心对齐，如下左图所示。如果要对齐右边的线条，如下右图所示，可以将宽度置为负数（如width = -1）且令 align='edge'。
**kwargs:矩形的属性
另外还有一些其他参数，如 color：设置条形的颜色。edgecolor：设置条形的边缘颜色 等，具体参见文章尾部。
例子
names = [1,2,3,4]
values = ['hight0','high1','high2','high3']
thisplot = plt.bar(names, values,color="#777777") #设置默认灰色
#thisplot = plt.bar(names, values,width = -1,align='edge',color="#777777") #设置bar为右对齐
thisplot[1].set_color('yellow')
thisplot[2].set_color('#000000') #黑色
plt.show()结果
其他参数以及矩形的属性( **kwargs)
| Other Parameters: |
linewidth：矩形条的边的宽度，0为不画边。float or array-like, optional
tick_label：矩形条的标识，默认无 。str or list of str, optional
xerr, yerrfloat or array-like of shape(N,) or shape(2, N), optional If not None, add horizontal / vertical errorbars to the bar tips. The values are +/- sizes relative to the data:
ecolor color or list of color, default: 'black' The line color of the errorbars. capsizefloat, default: The length of the error bar caps in points. error_kwdict, optional Dictionary of kwargs to be passed to the logbool, default: False If True, set the y-axis to be log scale.
|
|---|
**kwargs:矩形属性
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
agg_filter |
a filter function, which takes a (m, n, 3) float array and a dpi value, and returns a (m, n, 3) array |
alpha |
scalar or None |
animated |
bool |
antialiased or aa |
unknown |
capstyle |
CapStyle or {'butt', 'projecting', 'round'} |
clip_box |
Bbox |
clip_on |
bool |
clip_path |
Patch or (Path, Transform) or None |
color |
color |
contains |
unknown |
edgecolor or ec |
color or None or 'auto' |
facecolor or fc |
color or None |
figure |
Figure |
fill |
bool |
gid |
str |
hatch |
{'/', '\', '|', '-', '+', 'x', 'o', 'O', '.', '*'} |
in_layout |
bool |
joinstyle |
JoinStyle or {'miter', 'round', 'bevel'} |
label |
object |
linestyle or ls |
{'-', '--', '-.', ':', '', (offset, on-off-seq), ...} |
linewidth or lw |
float or None |
path_effects |
AbstractPathEffect |
picker |
None or bool or float or callable |
rasterized |
bool |
sketch_params |
(scale: float, length: float, randomness: float) |
snap |
bool or None |
transform |
Transform |
url |
str |
visible |
bool |
zorder |
float |
注：
参考文献
https://matplotlib.org/stable/gallery/misc/table_demo.html#sphx-glr-gallery-misc-table-demo-py