参考博客：https://www.cnblogs.com/robin2ML/p/6739955.html

以下为简单尝试写的代码

import os
filepath = 'D:\\abc'  # 绝对路径
if __name__=='__main__':
    for filename in os.listdir(filepath):
        # print(filename)
        # """
        list = filename.split('_')
        list[0] = 'abcd'
        newname = '_'.join(list)
        os.rename(os.path.join(filepath, filename), os.path.join(filepath, newname))