day07 MySQL主从
一、StorageClass
StorageClass 存储类。
pv 存储对象。
StorageClass 是按照pvc的要求，动态的生成pv。
Helm --> StorageClass
1、安装Helm
Github:https://github.com/helm/helm/releases
下载连接：wget https://get.helm.sh/helm-v3.7.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# tar -xf helm-v3.7.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# mv linux-amd64/helm /usr/local/bin/
yum ---> yum源
helm ---> helm源
1、添加helm源
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# helm repo add moikot https://moikot.github.io/helm-charts
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# helm repo add aliyun https://kubernetes.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/charts
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# helm repo add stable http://mirror.azure.cn/kubernetes/charts/
2、下载nfs
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# helm search repo nfs-client
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# helm pull stable/nfs-client-provisioner
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# tar -xf nfs-client-provisioner-1.2.11.tgz
3、修改配置文件
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# cd nfs-client-provisioner/
[root@k8s-master-01 nfs-client-provisioner]# vim values.yaml
nfs:
server: 192.168.15.101
path: /nfs/v3
4、部署kube-system名称空间
[root@k8s-master-01 nfs-client-provisioner]# helm install nfs ./ -n kube-system
5、查看
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# kubectl get pods -n kube-system
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
nfs-nfs-client-provisioner-6765d46dcb-v2vln 1/1 Running 0 9m28s
# 卸载
[root@k8s-master-01 nfs-client-provisioner]# helm uninstall nfs -n kube-system
# 查看helm源添加情况
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# helm repo list
2、测试SC
---
kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
name: nfs
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nfs
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: nfs
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx
image: nginx
volumeMounts:
- mountPath: /usr/share/nginx/html
name: html
volumes:
- name: html
persistentVolumeClaim:
claimName: nfs
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
name: nfs
namespace: default
spec:
storageClassName: nfs-client # 使用StorageClass
accessModes:
- "ReadWriteMany"
resources:
requests:
storage: "10Gi"
# 部署
[root@k8s-master-01 k8s]# kubectl apply -f sc.yaml
deployment.apps/nfs created
persistentvolumeclaim/nfs created
# 报错没有权限
[root@k8s-master-01 nfs]# groupadd www -g 666
[root@k8s-master-01 nfs]# useradd www -u 666 -g 666 -M -r -s /sbin/nologin
[root@k8s-master-01 nfs]# chown -R www.www /nfs
二、MySQL一主多从
1、安装MySQL（主从都要执行）
官网：https://www.mysql.com/
1、下载安装包
[root@mysql-master ~]# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
2、安装
[root@mysql-master ~]# tar -xf mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@mysql-master local]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
3、统一用户
[root@mysql-master ~]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin -r mysql
4、依赖包
[root@mysql-master ~]# yum install -y ncurses-devel libaio-devel gcc gcc-c++ numactl libaio glibc cmake autoconf
5、创建一个数据存放目录
[root@mysql-master ~]# mkdir /mysql_data
6、统一授权
[root@mysql-master ~]# chown mysql.mysql /mysql_data
[root@mysql-master ~]# chown mysql.mysql -R /usr/local/mysql
[root@mysql-master ~]# chown mysql.mysql -R /usr/local/mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/
7、添加配置文件
[root@mysql-master ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/mysql_data
port=3306
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
character-set-server=utf8mb4
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/tmp/mysqld.pid
[mysql]
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
[client]
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
8、初始化
[root@mysql-master ~]# touch /var/log/mysqld.log
[root@mysql-master ~]# chown mysql.mysql /var/log/mysqld.log
[root@mysql-master ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/mysql_data
9、注册MySQL服务
[root@mysql-master ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE = 5000
10、测试启动
[root@mysql-master ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@mysql-master ~]# systemctl start mysqld
11、测试连接
[root@mysql-master mysql]# vim /etc/profile
export MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql
export PATH=$PATH:$MYSQL_HOME/bin
[root@mysql-master mysql]# source /etc/profile
# 获取密码
[root@mysql-master ~]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
2022-01-12T11:04:12.289151Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: )Xuqgqmbu0ha
# 链接数据库
[root@mysql-master ~]# mysql -uroot -p')Xuqgqmbu0ha'
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
# 修改默认密码
mysql> alter user root@localhost identified by 'Test123!';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
2、部署主从复制
2.1、创建复制用户（在主库创建）
# 创建用户
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'shanhe'@'%' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
# 刷新权限
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
2.2、开启binlog日志（主从都要执行）
# 在集群中，server_id必须唯一。
[root@mysql-master ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
server-id=1
log-bin=/mysql_data/log-bin/binlog
[root@mysql-master mysql_data]# mkdir /mysql_data/log-bin
[root@mysql-master mysql_data]# chown mysql.mysql /mysql_data/log-bin
[root@mysql-master ~]# systemctl restart mysqld
2.3、实现主从复制（从 节点配置）
1、查看主节点binlog日志的状态
mysql> show master status ;
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| binlog.000001 | 154 | | | |
+---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
2、在从节点配置主从复制
mysql> # 登录后执行下面
change master to
master_host='192.168.15.105',
master_port=3306,
master_user='shanhe',
master_password='123456',
master_log_file='binlog.000001',
master_log_pos=154;
3、开启主从复制
mysql> start slave ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
4、查看状态
mysql> show slave status \G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
5、查看错误日志
[root@mysql-slave ~]# tail -f /var/log/mysqld.log
# 停止已经启动的绑定
stop slave;
# 重置绑定
reset master;
3、容器化MySQL主从
3.1 部署
1、在k8s主节点启动一个容器
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# docker run -it -d mysql:5.7 bash
2、把文件复制到这里
[root@k8s-master-01 ~]# mkdir mysql
[root@k8s-master-01 mysql]# docker cp e872e2680382:/usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh .
3、修改配置文件
[root@k8s-master-01 mysql]# ll
-rwxrwxr-x 1 root root 14632 Jan 12 20:17 docker-entrypoint.sh
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 15 Jan 12 20:06 Dockerfile
[root@k8s-master-01 mysql]# vim docker-entrypoint.sh
sed -i "s/symbolic-links=0/symbolic-links=$RANDOM/g" /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf
4、编写Dockerfile
[root@k8s-master-01 mysql]# cat Dockerfile
FROM mysql:5.7
ADD docker-entrypoint.sh /usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh
EXPOSE 3306 33060
5、构建镜像并且启动
[root@k8s-master-01 mysql]# docker build -t alvinos/mysql:5.7 .
6、编写mysqld配置文件
[root@k8s-master-01 mysql]# vim mysqld.conf
[mysqld]
datadir = /mysql_data
port=3306
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysql.sock
character-set-server=utf8
log-error=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
server-id=1
log-bin=/mysql_data/binlog
3.2 部署资源清单
---
kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
name: mysql-master
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: mysql
devel: mysql-master
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: mysql
devel: mysql-master
spec:
containers:
- name: mysql
image: alvinos/mysql:5.7.4-stable
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
envFrom:
- secretRef:
name: mysql
---
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: mysql-master
spec:
ports:
- port: 3306
targetPort: 3306
name: mysql-master
selector:
app: mysql
devel: mysql-master
---
kind: Job
apiVersion: batch/v1
metadata:
name: create-user
spec:
template:
spec:
restartPolicy: OnFailure
containers:
- name: mysql
image: alvinos/mysql:5.7.4-stable
command:
- "/bin/sh"
- "-c"
- |
while true;
do
/usr/bin/mysql -uroot -p123456 -hmysql-master.default.svc.cluster.local -e"status;" &>/dev/null
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
/usr/bin/mysql -uroot -p123456 -hmysql-master.default.svc.cluster.local -e "grant replication slave on *.* to 'shanhe'@'%' identified by '123456';"
/usr/bin/mysql -uroot -p123456 -hmysql-master.default.svc.cluster.local -e "flush privileges;"
break
fi
done
---
kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
name: mysql-slave
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: mysql
devel: mysql-slave
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: mysql
devel: mysql-slave
spec:
containers:
- name: mysql
image: alvinos/mysql:5.7.4-stable
envFrom:
- secretRef:
name: mysql
---
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: mysql-slave
spec:
selector:
app: mysql
devel: mysql-slave
ports:
- port: 3306
targetPort: 3306
name: slave
---
kind: Job
apiVersion: batch/v1
metadata:
name: add-cluster
spec:
template:
spec:
restartPolicy: OnFailure
containers:
- name: mysql
image: alvinos/mysql:5.7.4-stable
command:
- "/bin/sh"
- "-c"
- |
while true;
do
/usr/bin/mysql -uroot -p123456 -hmysql-master.default.svc.cluster.local -e"status;" &>/dev/null
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
mysql -uroot -p123456 -hmysql-master.default.svc.cluster.local -e "show master status ;" | awk 'NR==2{print $0}' > log
FILE=`cat log | awk '{print $1}'`
Position=`cat log | awk '{print $2}'`
mysql -uroot -p123456 -hmysql-slave.default.svc.cluster.local -e "change master to master_host='mysql-master.default.svc.cluster.local', master_port=3306, master_user='shanhe', master_password='123456', master_log_file='${FILE}', master_log_pos=${Position};"
mysql -uroot -p123456 -hmysql-slave.default.svc.cluster.local -e "start slave;"
break
fi
done