JAVA6开发WebService （四）——SAAJ调用WebService

2021-09-09 09:40:25

转载自http://wuhongyu.iteye.com/blog/810571

前面写了个JAX-WS的小例子，看到用JAVA6开发WebService确实很简单，也很方便，不过前面也说了，JAVA有三种WebService规范，JAX-WS是其中一种，现在来看看JAXM&SAAJ。

最近在做一个接口平台的项目，接口嘛，当然得涉及到对WebService的接口了，我们计划做成一个通用的平台，通过配置文件进行配置后就可以动态对某一个接口进行调用，但像前面的例子那样，每次都要生成一堆客户端代码，这可受不了。如果调用的接口唯一，生成一次客户端代码当然没问题，但如果要调用的接口是动态的，这就不好办了。因此，我需要了解SOAP更多底层的细节，由我自己来组织SOAP中的内容而不是完全由代码生成器生成。

仍使用前面例子中的服务器端：

接口：

package com.why.server;

import javax.jws.WebParam;
import javax.jws.WebService;
import javax.jws.soap.SOAPBinding;
import javax.xml.ws.soap.MTOM;

/**
 * 
 * @author why
 *
 */
@WebService(name="Hello")
@SOAPBinding(style = SOAPBinding.Style.RPC)
public interface Hello {
    public void printContext();
    public Customer selectCustomerByName(@WebParam(name = "c",header=true)Customer customer);
    public Customer selectMaxAgeCustomer(Customer c1, Customer c2);
}

实现类：

package com.why.server;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.jws.WebService;
import javax.xml.ws.WebServiceContext;
import javax.xml.ws.handler.MessageContext;
import javax.xml.ws.soap.MTOM;

/**
 * 
 * 通过@MTOM注解启动MTOM传输方式，使用CXF实现时，这个注解放在接口或者实现类上都可以，使用JDK1.6自带实现时，需标注在实现类上
 * @author why
 *
 */
@WebService(serviceName="HelloService",portName="HelloServicePort",targetNamespace="http://service.why.com/",endpointInterface="com.why.server.Hello")
@MTOM
public class HelloImpl implements Hello {
    
    @Resource
    private WebServiceContext context;
    
    @Override
    public void printContext(){
        MessageContext ctx = context.getMessageContext();
        Set<String> set = ctx.keySet();
        for (String key : set) {
            System.out.println("{" + key + "," + ctx.get(key) +"}");
            try {
                System.out.println("key.scope=" + ctx.getScope(key));
            } catch (Exception e) {
                System.out.println(key + " is not exits");
            }
        }
    }
    
    @Override
    public Customer selectCustomerByName(Customer customer) {
        if("why".equals(customer.getName())){
            customer.setId(1);
            try {
                customer.setBirthday(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd").parse("1985-10-07"));
            } catch (ParseException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            customer.setImageData(new DataHandler(new FileDataSource(new File("c:"+ File.separator + "why.jpg"))));
        }else{
            customer.setId(2);
            customer.setBirthday(new Date());
            customer.setImageData(new DataHandler(new FileDataSource(new File("c:"+ File.separator + "origin.jpg"))));
        }
        return customer;
    }
    
    @Override
    public Customer selectMaxAgeCustomer(Customer c1, Customer c2) {
        try {
            // 输出接收到的附件
            System.out.println("c1.getImageData().getContentType()=" + c1.getImageData().getContentType());
            InputStream is = c1.getImageData().getInputStream();
            OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream("c:\\temp1.jpg");
            byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
            int c;
            while ((c = is.read(bytes)) != -1) {
                os.write(bytes, 0, c);
            }
            os.close();
            
            System.out.println("c2.getImageData().getContentType()=" + c2.getImageData().getContentType());
            is = c2.getImageData().getInputStream();
            os = new FileOutputStream("c:\\temp2.jpg");
            bytes = new byte[1024];
            while ((c = is.read(bytes)) != -1) {
                os.write(bytes, 0, c);
            }
            os.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        
        if (c1.getBirthday().getTime() > c2.getBirthday().getTime()){
            return c2;
        }
        else{
            return c1;
        }
    }
}

Customer类：

package com.why.server;

import java.util.Date;

import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessorType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlMimeType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;

/**
 * 
 * @author why
 *
 */
@XmlRootElement(name = "Customer")
@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
public class Customer {
    private long id;
    private String name;
    private Date birthday;
    @XmlMimeType("application/octet-stream")
    private DataHandler imageData;
    
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public Date getBirthday() {
        return birthday;
    }
    public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }
    public DataHandler getImageData() {
        return imageData;
    }
    public void setImageData(DataHandler imageData) {
        this.imageData = imageData;
    }
}

发布：

package com.why.server;

import javax.xml.ws.Endpoint;

public class SoapServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Endpoint.publish("http://localhost:8080/helloService",new HelloImpl());

    }
}

这次不生成客户端类，而是通过自己组织SOAP消息，向服务器发送请求。首先，我们需要一个到WebService服务的连接（就像Connection之于JDBC），通过javax.xml.soap.SOAPConnectionFactory的createConnection()可以获得一个WebService连接。获得连接之后，我们就可以组织我们的SOAP消息了。通过javax.xml.soap.MessageFactory的createMessage()方法，获得一个javax.xml.soap.SOAPMessage，SOAPMessage就是我们SOAP消息的入口。我们知道，SOAP其实就是一个XML，有了SOAPMessage这个入口，剩下的就是对XML的组织和解析了。对于SOAP消息的各个部分，SOAPMessage都有对应的接口：

        // 获取SOAP连接工厂
        SOAPConnectionFactory factory = SOAPConnectionFactory.newInstance();
        // 从SOAP连接工厂创建SOAP连接对象
        SOAPConnection connection = factory.createConnection();
        // 获取消息工厂
        MessageFactory mFactory = MessageFactory.newInstance();
        // 从消息工厂创建SOAP消息对象
        SOAPMessage message = mFactory.createMessage();
        // 创建SOAPPart对象
        SOAPPart part = message.getSOAPPart();
        // 创建SOAP信封对象
        SOAPEnvelope envelope = part.getEnvelope();
        // 创建SOAPHeader对象
        SOAPHeader header = message.getSOAPHeader();
        // 创建SOAPBody对
        SOAPBody body = envelope.getBody();

把我们需要传递的参数组织好，通过connection.call方法进行对WebService的调用，他仍然会给我们返回一个SOAPMessage对象，对应服务器端的三个函数，我分别写了对应的三个方法对其进行调用，以下是我的客户端类：

package com.why.client;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.UUID;
import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
import javax.xml.soap.AttachmentPart;
import javax.xml.soap.MessageFactory;
import javax.xml.soap.SOAPBody;
import javax.xml.soap.SOAPBodyElement;
import javax.xml.soap.SOAPConnection;
import javax.xml.soap.SOAPConnectionFactory;
import javax.xml.soap.SOAPElement;
import javax.xml.soap.SOAPEnvelope;
import javax.xml.soap.SOAPHeader;
import javax.xml.soap.SOAPHeaderElement;
import javax.xml.soap.SOAPMessage;
import javax.xml.soap.SOAPPart;

/**
 * 
 * @author why
 *
 */
public class SoapClient {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        
        printContext();
        
        selectCustomerByName();
        
        selectMaxAgeCustomer();
    }
    
    /**
     * 调用一个无参函数
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static void printContext() throws Exception{
        // 获取SOAP连接工厂
        SOAPConnectionFactory factory = SOAPConnectionFactory.newInstance();
        // 从SOAP连接工厂创建SOAP连接对象
        SOAPConnection connection = factory.createConnection();
        // 获取消息工厂
        MessageFactory mFactory = MessageFactory.newInstance();
        // 从消息工厂创建SOAP消息对象
        SOAPMessage message = mFactory.createMessage();
        // 创建SOAPPart对象
        SOAPPart part = message.getSOAPPart();
        // 创建SOAP信封对象
        SOAPEnvelope envelope = part.getEnvelope();
        // 创建SOAPHeader对象
        SOAPHeader header = message.getSOAPHeader();
        // 创建SOAPBody对象
        SOAPBody body = envelope.getBody();
        
        // 创建XML的根元素
        SOAPBodyElement bodyElementRoot = body.addBodyElement(new QName("http://server.why.com/", "printContext", "ns1"));
        
        // 访问Web服务地址
        SOAPMessage reMessage = connection.call(message, new URL("http://127.0.0.1:8080/helloService"));
        // 控制台输出返回的SOAP消息
        OutputStream os = System.out;
        reMessage.writeTo(os);
        
        connection.close();
    }
    
    /**
     * 调用一个在soap:HEADER中传递参数的函数
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static void selectCustomerByName() throws Exception{
        // 获取SOAP连接工厂
        SOAPConnectionFactory factory = SOAPConnectionFactory.newInstance();
        // 从SOAP连接工厂创建SOAP连接对象
        SOAPConnection connection = factory.createConnection();
        // 获取消息工厂
        MessageFactory mFactory = MessageFactory.newInstance();
        // 从消息工厂创建SOAP消息对象
        SOAPMessage message = mFactory.createMessage();
        // 创建SOAPPart对象
        SOAPPart part = message.getSOAPPart();
        // 创建SOAP信封对象
        SOAPEnvelope envelope = part.getEnvelope();
        // 创建SOAPHeader对象
        SOAPHeader header = message.getSOAPHeader();
        // 创建SOAPBody对象
        SOAPBody body = envelope.getBody();
        
        // 创建XML的根元素
        SOAPHeaderElement headerElementRoot = header.addHeaderElement(new QName("http://server.why.com/", "c", "ns1"));
        SOAPBodyElement bodyElementRoot = body.addBodyElement(new QName("http://server.why.com/", "selectCustomerByName", "ns1"));
        headerElementRoot.addChildElement(new QName("name")).addTextNode("why");
        
        // 访问Web服务地址
        SOAPMessage reMessage = connection.call(message, new URL("http://127.0.0.1:8080/helloService"));
        // 控制台输出返回的SOAP消息
        OutputStream os = System.out;
        reMessage.writeTo(os);
        
        // 输出SOAP消息中的附件
        Iterator<AttachmentPart> it = reMessage.getAttachments();
        while (it.hasNext()) {
            InputStream ins = it.next().getDataHandler().getInputStream();
            byte[] b = new byte[ins.available()];
            OutputStream ous = new FileOutputStream("c:\\aaa.jpg");
            while (ins.read(b) != -1) {
                ous.write(b);
            }
            ous.close();
        }
        connection.close();
    }
    
    /**
     * 调用一个在soap:Body中传递参数的函数
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static void selectMaxAgeCustomer() throws Exception{
        // 获取SOAP连接工厂
        SOAPConnectionFactory factory = SOAPConnectionFactory.newInstance();
        // 从SOAP连接工厂创建SOAP连接对象
        SOAPConnection connection = factory.createConnection();
        // 获取消息工厂
        MessageFactory mFactory = MessageFactory.newInstance();
        // 从消息工厂创建SOAP消息对象
        SOAPMessage message = mFactory.createMessage();
        // 创建SOAPPart对象
        SOAPPart part = message.getSOAPPart();
        // 创建SOAP信封对象
        SOAPEnvelope envelope = part.getEnvelope();
        // 创建SOAPHeader对象
        SOAPHeader header = message.getSOAPHeader();
        // 创建SOAPBody对象
        SOAPBody body = envelope.getBody();

        // 设置Content-Type
        MimeHeaders hd = message.getMimeHeaders(); 
        hd.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/xop+xml; charset=utf-8; type=\"text/xml\"");

        // 创建XML的根元素
        SOAPBodyElement bodyElementRoot = body.addBodyElement(new QName("http://server.why.com/", "selectMaxAgeCustomer", "ns1"));
        
        // 创建Customer实例1
        SOAPElement elementC1 = bodyElementRoot.addChildElement(new QName("arg0"));
        elementC1.addChildElement(new QName("id")).addTextNode("1");
        elementC1.addChildElement(new QName("name")).addTextNode("A");
        elementC1.addChildElement(new QName("birthday")).addTextNode("1989-01-28T00:00:00.000+08:00");
        // 创建附件对象
        AttachmentPart attachment = message.createAttachmentPart(new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("c:\\c1.jpg")));
        // 设置Content-ID
        attachment.setContentId("<" + UUID.randomUUID().toString() + ">");
        attachment.setMimeHeader("Content-Transfer-Encoding", "binary");
        message.addAttachmentPart(attachment);
        SOAPElement elementData = elementC1.addChildElement(new QName("imageData"));
        
        // 添加XOP支持
        elementData.addChildElement(
                new QName("http://www.w3.org/2004/08/xop/include", "Include","xop"))
                .addAttribute(new QName("href"),"cid:" + attachment.getContentId().replaceAll("<", "").replaceAll(">", ""));
        
        // 创建Customer实例2
        SOAPElement elementC2 = bodyElementRoot.addChildElement(new QName("arg1"));
        elementC2.addChildElement(new QName("id")).addTextNode("2");
        elementC2.addChildElement(new QName("name")).addTextNode("B");
        elementC2.addChildElement(new QName("birthday")).addTextNode("1990-01-28T00:00:00.000+08:00");
        AttachmentPart attachment2 = message.createAttachmentPart(new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("c:\\c2.jpg")));
        attachment2.setContentId("<" + UUID.randomUUID().toString() + ">");
        message.addAttachmentPart(attachment2);
        SOAPElement elementData2 = elementC2.addChildElement(new QName("imageData"));
        
        elementData2.addChildElement(
                new QName("http://www.w3.org/2004/08/xop/include", "Include","xop"))
                .addAttribute(new QName("href"),"cid:" + attachment2.getContentId().replaceAll("<", "").replaceAll(">", ""));
        
        // 控制台输出发送的SOAP消息
        OutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        message.writeTo(os);
        String soapStr = os.toString();
        System.out.println("\n@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@\n"+soapStr+"\n@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@");
        
        // 访问Web服务地址
        SOAPMessage reMessage = connection.call(message, new URL("http://127.0.0.1:8080/helloService"));
        // 控制台输出返回的SOAP消息
        OutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        reMessage.writeTo(baos);
        String soapStr2 = baos.toString();
        System.out.println("\n#############\n"+soapStr2+"\n################");
        
//        // 输出SOAP消息中的第一个子元素的元素名称
        System.out.println("\n<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<" + reMessage.getSOAPBody().getFirstChild().getLocalName());
        // 输出SOAP消息中的附件
        Iterator<AttachmentPart> it = reMessage.getAttachments();
        while (it.hasNext()) {
            InputStream ins = it.next().getDataHandler().getInputStream();
            byte[] b = new byte[ins.available()];
            OutputStream ous = new FileOutputStream("c:\\bbb.jpg");
            while (ins.read(b) != -1) {
                ous.write(b);
            }
            ous.close();
        }
        
        connection.close();
        
    }
}

使用SAAJ创建附件时，需设置Content-Type=application/xop+xml; charset=utf-8; type="text/xml"，否则服务器端获取不到这个附件，查看发送给服务器端的SOAP消息可以看到，默认Content-Type被置为text/xml; charset=utf-8，因此，需在代码中加入：

MimeHeaders hd = message.getMimeHeaders(); hd.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/xop+xml; charset=utf-8; type=\"text/xml\"");

SOAPMessage有一个writeTo(OutputStream os)方法，可以将整个SOAP消息的内容写入一个输出流中，我们可以截获这个输出流的内容进行分析或再次整理。

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JAVA6开发WebService （四）——SAAJ调用WebService

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