实验55: 多区域OSPF 基本配置
1.实验目的
通过本实验可以掌握：
（1）在路由器上启动OSPF 路由进程
（2）启用参与路由协议的接口，并且通告网络及所在的区域
（3）LSA 的类型和特征
（4）不同路由器类型的功能
（5）OSPF 拓扑结构数据库的特征和含义
（6）查看和调试OSPF 路由协议相关信息
2.实验拓扑
本实验的拓扑结构如图所示。
3.实验步骤
r0(config-line)#int loo 1
*Mar 1 00:03:24.743: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback1, changed state to up
r0(config-if)#ip add 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
r0(config-if)#int s0/0
r0(config-if)#ip add 172.16.3.1 255.255.255.0
r0(config-if)#no sh
*Mar 1 00:03:54.871: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up
r0(config-if)#exit
r0(config)#router ospf 1
r0(config-router)#net 172.16.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 2
r1(config)#int loo 1
*Mar 1 00:04:12.563: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback1, changed state to up
r1(config-if)#ip add 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0
r1(config-if)#int s0/0
r1(config-if)#ip add 172.16.3.2 255.255.255.0
r1(config-if)#no sh
r1(config-if)#exit
r1(config)#int s0
*Mar 1 00:04:44.643: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up
r1(config)#int s0/1
r1(config-if)#ip add 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0
r1(config-if)#no sh
r1(config-if)#
*Mar 1 00:05:00.783: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/1, changed state to up
r1(config)#router ospf 1
r1(config-router)#net 172.16.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 2
*Mar 1 00:08:00.475: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 1.1.1.1 on Serial0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
r1(config-router)#net 172.16.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
r1(config-router)#
*Mar 1 00:08:11.411: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 172.16.2.2 on Serial0/1 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
r1(config-router)#do sh ip ospf dat
OSPF Router with ID (2.2.2.2) (Process ID 1)
Router Link States (Area 0) //区域 0 类型1 的LSA
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count
2.2.2.2 2.2.2.2 114 0x80000001 0x00A0B3 2
172.16.2.2 172.16.2.2 115 0x80000002 0x00CDCB 2
Summary Net Link States (Area 0)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
172.16.1.0 172.16.2.2 228 0x80000001 0x00CEAF
172.16.3.0 2.2.2.2 115 0x80000001 0x00290C
Router Link States (Area 2)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count
1.1.1.1 1.1.1.1 126 0x80000002 0x00EE24 2
2.2.2.2 2.2.2.2 114 0x80000002 0x00917B 2
Summary Net Link States (Area 2)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
172.16.1.0 2.2.2.2 110 0x80000001 0x00C135
172.16.2.0 2.2.2.2 120 0x80000001 0x003402
r1(config-router)#do sh ip ospf dat router
OSPF Router with ID (2.2.2.2) (Process ID 1)
Router Link States (Area 0)
LS age: 146
Options: (No TOS-capability, DC)
LS Type: Router Links
Link State ID: 2.2.2.2
Advertising Router: 2.2.2.2
LS Seq Number: 80000001
Checksum: 0xA0B3
Length: 48
Area Border Router
Number of Links: 2
Link connected to: another Router (point-to-point)
(Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 172.16.2.2
(Link Data) Router Interface address: 172.16.2.1
Number of TOS metrics: 0
TOS 0 Metrics: 64
Link connected to: a Stub Network
(Link ID) Network/subnet number: 172.16.2.0
(Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.0
Number of TOS metrics: 0
TOS 0 Metrics: 64
Routing Bit Set on this LSA
LS age: 149
Options: (No TOS-capability, DC)
LS Type: Router Links
Link State ID: 172.16.2.2
Advertising Router: 172.16.2.2
LS Seq Number: 80000002
Checksum: 0xCDCB
Length: 48
Area Border Router
Number of Links: 2
Link connected to: another Router (point-to-point)
(Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 2.2.2.2
(Link Data) Router Interface address: 172.16.2.2
Number of TOS metrics: 0
TOS 0 Metrics: 64
Link connected to: a Stub Network
(Link ID) Network/subnet number: 172.16.2.0
(Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.0
Number of TOS metrics: 0
TOS 0 Metrics: 64
Router Link States (Area 2)
LS age: 164
Options: (No TOS-capability, DC)
LS Type: Router Links
Link State ID: 1.1.1.1
Advertising Router: 1.1.1.1
LS Seq Number: 80000002
Checksum: 0xEE24
Length: 48
Number of Links: 2
Link connected to: another Router (point-to-point)
(Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 2.2.2.2
(Link Data) Router Interface address: 172.16.3.1
Number of TOS metrics: 0
TOS 0 Metrics: 64
Link connected to: a Stub Network
(Link ID) Network/subnet number: 172.16.3.0
(Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.0
Number of TOS metrics: 0
TOS 0 Metrics: 64
LS age: 156
Options: (No TOS-capability, DC)
LS Type: Router Links
Link State ID: 2.2.2.2
Advertising Router: 2.2.2.2
LS Seq Number: 80000002
Checksum: 0x917B
Length: 48
Area Border Router
Number of Links: 2
Link connected to: another Router (point-to-point)
(Link ID) Neighboring Router ID: 1.1.1.1
(Link Data) Router Interface address: 172.16.3.2
Number of TOS metrics: 0
TOS 0 Metrics: 64
Link connected to: a Stub Network
(Link ID) Network/subnet number: 172.16.3.0
(Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.0
Number of TOS metrics: 0
TOS 0 Metrics: 64
r1(config-router)#do sh ip ospf
Routing Process "ospf 1" with ID 2.2.2.2
Start time: 00:07:46.084, Time elapsed: 00:03:15.732
Supports only single TOS(TOS0) routes
Supports opaque LSA
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Supports area transit capability
It is an area border router 表明路由器R1 是一台ASBR
Router is not originating router-LSAs with maximum metric
Initial SPF schedule delay 5000 msecs
Minimum hold time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs
Maximum wait time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs
Incremental-SPF disabled
Minimum LSA interval 5 secs
Minimum LSA arrival 1000 msecs
LSA group pacing timer 240 secs
Interface flood pacing timer 33 msecs
Retransmission pacing timer 66 msecs
Number of external LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of opaque AS LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of DCbitless external and opaque AS LSA 0
Number of DoNotAge external and opaque AS LSA 0
Number of areas in this router is 2. 2 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Number of areas transit capable is 0
External flood list length 0
Area BACKBONE(0)
Number of interfaces in this area is 1
Area has no authentication
SPF algorithm last executed 00:02:51.736 ago
SPF algorithm executed 2 times
Area ranges are
Number of LSA 4. Checksum Sum 0x026639
Number of opaque link LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of DCbitless LSA 0
Number of indication LSA 0
Number of DoNotAge LSA 0
Flood list length 0
Area 2
Number of interfaces in this area is 1
Area has no authentication
SPF algorithm last executed 00:02:53.536 ago
SPF algorithm executed 3 times
Area ranges are
Number of LSA 4. Checksum Sum 0x0274D6
Number of opaque link LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of DCbitless LSA 0
Number of indication LSA 0
Number of DoNotAge LSA 0
Flood list length 0
r2(config)#int s0/0
r2(config-if)#ip add 172.16.2.2 255.255.255.0
r2(config-if)#no sh
r2(config-if)#exit
r2(config)#int s0/
*Mar 1 00:05:05.375: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up
*Mar 1 00:05:06.375: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up
r2(config)#int s0/1
r2(config-if)#ip add 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0
r2(config-if)#no sh
r2(config-if)#exit
*Mar 1 00:05:19.131: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/1, changed state to up
r2(config)#router ospf 1
r2(config-router)#net 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
r2(config-router)#net 172.16.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
*Mar 1 00:06:47.915: %OSPF-4-ERRRCV: Received invalid packet: mismatch area ID, from backbone area must be virtual-link but not found from 172.16.1.2, Serial0/1
*Mar 1 00:07:07.915: %OSPF-4-ERRRCV: Received invalid packet: mismatch area ID, from backbone area must be virtual-link but not found from 172.16.1.2, Serial0/1
*Mar 1 00:08:00.343: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 2.2.2.2 on Serial0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
r2(config-router)#
r3(config)#int loo 1
r3(config-if)#ip add 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.0
r3(config-if)#exit
r3(config)#int s0/0
r3(config-if)#ip add 172.16.1.2 255.255.255.0
r3(config-if)#no sh
*Mar 1 00:05:44.743: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up
r3(config-if)#exit
r3(config)#router ospf 1
r3(config-router)#net 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
r3(config-router)#no net 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
r3(config-router)#net 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
r3(config-router)#
*Mar 1 00:07:36.351: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 172.16.2.2 on Serial0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
本文转自gauyanm 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/gauyanm/259130，如需转载请自行联系原作者