CentOS 7.9+19c单实例静默安装

 

一、环境准备

二、解压文件

三、文件配置

四、安装

五、相关调整

六、打补丁

一、环境准备
0.依赖包安装

rpm -q --qf ‘%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH})\n‘ binutils \
compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-libs elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make sysstat unixODBC ksh libX11 libXau libXi libXtst libxcb smartmontools unixODBC-devel net-tools |grep installed

1.防火墙禁用

systemctl is-enabled firewalld
#输出disabled
# https://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-03/142096.htm -- linux 7
sudo systemctl stop firewalld.service && sudo systemctl disable firewalld.service
cat /etc/selinux/config
#输出SELINUX=disabled

2.硬件配置

查询存储空间安装目录空间>35G
/tmp >7G
内存>60g配置内存大页,关闭透明大页
AMM配置内存</dev/shm,不满足需要调整/dev/shm,如ASMM忽略
$ df -h /tmp
$ free -g
$ df -h /dev/shm

3.调整Shell资源限制

1)配置修改
vi /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nproc 131072
oracle hard nproc 131072
oracle soft nofile 40964
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
oracle hard stack 32768
oracle soft memlock 26843545
oracle hard memlock 26843545

--备注说明
Memlock 字节单位< 系统内存

2)检查

#查文件描述符设置的软限制和硬限制>=即可
$ ulimit -Sn
1024
$ ulimit -Hn
65536
检查软限制和硬限制,以确定用户可用的进程数。确保结果在推荐范围内。例如:
$ ulimit -Su
2047
$ ulimit -Hu
16384
检查堆栈设置的软限制。确保结果在推荐范围内。例如:
$ ulimit -Ss
10240
$ ulimit -Hs
32768

4.调整内核参数

1)参数列举说明
#kernel.shmall
59*1024*1024*1024/4096
15466496
#kernel.shmmax
59*1024*1024*1024
63350767616
#vm.nr_hugepages
45*1024/2 sga 45G
23040

2)执行
echo "fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.sem = 10000 10240000 10000 1024
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall = 3932000
kernel.shmmax = 16106127000
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 16777216
net.core.rmem_max = 16777216
net.core.wmem_max = 16777216
net.core.wmem_default = 16777216
fs.aio-max-nr = 6194304
vm.dirty_ratio=20
vm.dirty_background_ratio=3
vm.dirty_writeback_centisecs=100
vm.dirty_expire_centisecs=500
vm.swappiness=10
vm.min_free_kbytes=524288
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 30000
net.core.netdev_budget = 600
#vm.nr_hugepages =
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 2
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 2">> /etc/sysctl.conf && sysctl --system

5.修改主机名

vi /etc/sysconfig/network
hostname=hskf
vi /etc/hostname
HOSTNAME=hskf
vi /etc/hosts

6.创建组

1)删除用户and 组i
id oracle根据查询组进行删除
userdel -r oracle
groupdel oinstal
2)执行
groupadd -g 1001 oinstall
groupadd -g 1200 dba
groupadd -g 1201 oper
/usr/sbin/useradd -u 1001 -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle
3)配置密码
passwd oracle

7.创建安装目录

mkdir -p /oracle/app/oracle
mkdir -p /oracle/app/19.11
chown -R oracle:oinstall /oracle
chown oracle:oinstall /oracle/app/oracle
chmod -R 775 /oracle/
chown -R oracle:oinstall /oracle/app/19.11

8.环境变量

su - oracle
vi .bash_profile
ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/19.11/db_1
ORACLE_SID=ygfw1
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/lib
PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/local/bin
export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID LD_LIBRARY_PATH PATH
export NLS_LANG=american_america.ZHS16GBK
export PS1=`hostname`:‘$PWD‘"$ "
cd $ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin; export TNS_ADMIN
ORA_NLS11=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data; export ORA_NLS11
PATH=${PATH}:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/bin
export PATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
export CLASSPATH
THREADS_FLAG=native; export THREADS_FLAG
export TEMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=/tmp
umask 022
export PS1=`hostname`:‘$PWD‘"$ "
cd $ORACLE_BASE
stty erase ^H

二、解压文件

unzip LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip -d $ORACLE_HOME
重点:必须要解压到ORACLE_HOME路径下。

三、文件配置,安装软件
cat /oracle/app/oracle/product/19.11/db_1/install/response/db_install.rsp |grep -v "^#"|grep -v "^$"
red79:/oradata$ cat /oracle/app/oracle/product/19.11/db_1/install/response/db_install.rsp

oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v19.0.0
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/oracle/app/oraInventory
ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/app/oracle/product/19.11/db_1
ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/app/oracle
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP=oper
oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.rootconfig.executeRootScript=false
oracle.install.db.rootconfig.configMethod=ROOT
oracle.install.db.rootconfig.sudoPath=
oracle.install.db.rootconfig.sudoUserName=
oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=
oracle.install.db.ConfigureAsContainerDB=
oracle.install.db.config.PDBName=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.PDBADMIN=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.managementOption=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.omsHost=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.omsPort=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.emAdminUser=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.emAdminPassword=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableRecovery=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=
oracle.install.db.config.asm.diskGroup=
oracle.install.db.config.asm.ASMSNMPPassword=
/oracle/app/oracle/product/19.11/db_1/runInstaller -force -silent -noconfig -ignorePrereq -responseFile /oracle/app/oracle/product/19.11/db_1/install/response/db_install.rsp

 

四、安装数据库

dbca -silent -createDatabase -templateName General_Purpose.dbc -gdbname syjkptzbtest -responseFile NO_VALUE -characterSet ZHS16GBK -sysPassword syjkptzbtest -systemPassword syjkptzbtest -createAsContainerDatabase true -numberOfPDBs 1 -pdbName syjkptzbtest1 -pdbAdminPassword Oracle19c -databaseType MULTIPURPOSE -automaticMemoryManagement false -totalMemory 10240 -redoLogFileSize 50 -emConfiguration NONE -ignorePreReqs

五、相关调整
1.监听

netca -silent -responsefile /oracle/app/oracle/product/19.11/db_1/assistants/netca/netca.rsp

LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = red79)(PORT = 11521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC11521))
)
)

alter system set local_listener=‘(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = red79)(PORT = 11521))‘;

2.最佳实践参数等

六、打补丁,打一个RU,19.3的版本升级为19.11(注意:需要关库,没有ora_进程)

cd /oracle/app/oracle/product/19.11/db_1
mv OPatch OPatchbak
unzip /oracle/p6880880_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip -d /oracle/app/oracle/product/19.11/db_1/
OPatch/opatch version

unzip p32545008_190000_Linux-x86-64.zip
cd 32545013
/oracle/app/oracle/product/19.11/db_1/OPatch/opatch apply

 

总结:
1.环境安装是一个熟练度的工作,在交付实施时,准备好软件和测试一遍流程,可以起到事半功倍的效果。
2.当一个机器上存在多个实例,并且每个实例使用不同的监听端口的时候,修改listener.ora文件。查看状态需要指明每个监听的名字。
3.19c的单实例安装除了需要将软件的压缩包解压到ORACLE_HOME路径下,其他和10g、11g的完全一样。

CentOS 7.9+19c单实例静默安装

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