Mysql属于中小型数据库系统,它的事件调度器Event Scheduler是在mysql 5.1才开始引入事件调度器是在 MySQL 5.1 中新增的另一个特色功能,可以作为定时任务调度器,取代部分原先只能用操作系统任务调度器才能完成的定时功能。事件调度器是定时触发执行的,在这个角度上也可以称作是"临时的触发器"。触发器只是针对某个表产生的事件执行一些语句,而事件调度器则是在某一个(间隔)时间执行一些语句。事件是由一个特定的线程来管理的,也就是所谓的"事件调度器"。
代码:
/开启event_scheduler,也可以设置为on/
set global event_scheduler =1;
/创建简单的任务,每分钟执行一次,从一个表取数据插入到另一个表,也可以定时取,可以参看下面文档,此处为简单例子/
CREATE EVENT MyEvent
ON SCHEDULE EVERY 1 MINUTE
DO
INSERT INTO list_test (字段1,字段1,字段1,字段1,字段1) select 字段1,字段1,字段1,字段1,字段1 from 表2 where id = 510;
/每天固定时间执行/
CREATE EVENT EVENT_ADD_FOR20_ENOUGH
ON SCHEDULE EVERY 1 DAY
STARTS TIMESTAMP '2009-12-18 02:58:00'/×MYSQL注意时区设置,默认非中国时区×/
DO
SQL语句
事件详细语法事例(EVENT)1>创建事件(CREATE EVENT)
先来看一下它的语法:
CREATE EVENT [IF NOT EXISTS] event_name ON SCHEDULE schedule [ON COMPLETION
[NOT] PRESERVE] [ENABLE | DISABLE] [COMMENT 'comment'] DO sql_statement;
schedule: AT TIMESTAMP [+ INTERVAL INTERVAL] | EVERY INTERVAL [STARTS TIMESTAMP]
[ENDS TIMESTAMP] INTERVAL: quantity {YEAR | QUARTER | MONTH | DAY | HOUR |
MINUTE | WEEK | SECOND | YEAR_MONTH | DAY_HOUR | DAY_MINUTE | DAY_SECOND |
HOUR_MINUTE | HOUR_SECOND | MINUTE_SECOND}
1) 首先来看一个简单的例子来演示每秒插入一条记录到数据表
USE test; CREATE TABLE aaa (timeline TIMESTAMP); CREATE EVENT e_test_insert
ON SCHEDULE EVERY 1 SECOND DO INSERT INTO test.aaa VALUES
(CURRENT_TIMESTAMP);
等待3秒钟后,再执行查询看看:
mysql> SELECT * FROM aaa;
+---------------------+
| timeline |
+---------------------+
| 2007-07-18 20:44:26 |
| 2007-07-18 20:44:27 |
|2007-07-18 20:44:28 |
+---------------------+
2) 5天后清空test表:
CREATE EVENT e_test ON SCHEDULE AT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP + INTERVAL 5 DAY DO
TRUNCATE TABLE test.aaa;
3) 2007年7月20日12点整清空test表:
CREATE EVENT e_test ON SCHEDULE AT TIMESTAMP '2007-07-20 12:00:00' DO
TRUNCATE TABLE test.aaa;
4) 每天定时清空test表:
CREATE EVENT e_test ON SCHEDULE EVERY 1 DAY DO TRUNCATE TABLE
test.aaa;
5) 5天后开启每天定时清空test表:
CREATE EVENT e_test ON SCHEDULE EVERY 1 DAY STARTS CURRENT_TIMESTAMP +
INTERVAL 5 DAY DO TRUNCATE TABLE test.aaa;
6) 每天定时清空test表,5天后停止执行:
CREATE EVENT e_test ON SCHEDULE EVERY 1 DAY ENDS CURRENT_TIMESTAMP +
INTERVAL 5 DAY DO TRUNCATE TABLE test.aaa;
7) 5天后开启每天定时清空test表,一个月后停止执行:
CREATE EVENT e_test ON SCHEDULE EVERY 1 DAY STARTS CURRENT_TIMESTAMP +
INTERVAL 5 DAY ENDS CURRENT_TIMESTAMP + INTERVAL 1 MONTH DO TRUNCATE TABLE
test.aaa;
[ON COMPLETION [NOT] PRESERVE]可以设置这个事件是执行一次还是持久执行,默认为NOT PRESERVE
8)
每天定时清空test表(只执行一次,任务完成后就终止该事件):
CREATE EVENT e_test ON SCHEDULE EVERY 1 DAY ON COMPLETION NOT PRESERVE DO
TRUNCATE TABLE test.aaa;
[ENABLE | DISABLE]可是设置该事件创建后状态是否开启或关闭,默认为ENABLE
[COMMENT
comment]可以给该事件加上注释
2>修改事件(ALTER EVENT)
ALTER EVENT event_name [ON SCHEDULE schedule] [RENAME TO new_event_name]
[ON COMPLETION [NOT] PRESERVE] [COMMENT 'comment'] [ENABLE | DISABLE] [DO
sql_statement]
1) 临时关闭事件
ALTER EVENT e_test DISABLE;
2) 开启事件
ALTER EVENT e_test ENABLE;
3) 将每天清空test表改为5天清空一次:
ALTER EVENT e_test ON SCHEDULE EVERY 5 DAY;
3>删除事件(DROP
EVENT)
语法很简单,如下所示:
DROP EVENT [IF EXISTS] event_name
例如删除前面创建的e_test事件
DROP EVENT e_test;
当然前提是这个事件存在,否则会产生ERROR 1513 (HY000): Unknown event错误,因此最好加上IF EXISTS
DROP EVENT IF EXISTS e_test;