equal和mismatch算法的功能是比较容器中的两个区间内的元素。这两个算法各有3个参数first1,last1和first2.如果对 于区间[first1,last1)内所有的first1+i,first1+i和first2所在位置处的元素都相等,则equal算法返回真,否则返 回假。mismatch算法的返回值是由两个迭代器first1+i和first2+i组成的一个pair,表示第1对不相等的元素的位置。如果没有找到 不相等的元素,则返回last1和first2+(last1-first1)。因此,语句equal(first1,last1,first2)和mismatch(first1,last1,first2).first==last1是等价的.
1 // Illustrating the generic equal and mismatch algorithms 2 #include <iostream> 3 #include <cassert> 4 #include <algorithm> 5 #include <string> 6 #include <list> 7 #include <deque> 8 #include <vector> 9 using namespace std; 10 11 int main() 12 { 13 cout << "Illustrating the generic equal " 14 << "and mismatch algorithms." << endl; 15 list<string> driver_list; 16 vector<string> vec; 17 deque<string> deq; 18 19 driver_list.insert(driver_list.end(), "Clark"); 20 driver_list.insert(driver_list.end(), "Rindt"); 21 driver_list.insert(driver_list.end(), "Senna"); 22 23 vec.insert(vec.end(), "Clark"); 24 vec.insert(vec.end(), "Rindt"); 25 vec.insert(vec.end(), "Senna"); 26 vec.insert(vec.end(), "Berger"); 27 28 deq.insert(deq.end(), "Clark"); 29 deq.insert(deq.end(), "Berger"); 30 31 // Show that driver_list and the first 3 elements of 32 // vec are equal in all corresponding positions: 33 assert (equal(driver_list.begin(), driver_list.end(), 34 vec.begin())); 35 36 // Show that deq and the first 2 elements of driver_list 37 // are not equal in all corresponding positions: 38 assert (!equal(deq.begin(), deq.end(), 39 driver_list.begin())); 40 41 // Find the corresponding positions in deq and driver_list 42 // at which unequal elements first occur: 43 pair<deque<string>::iterator, list<string>::iterator> 44 pair1 = mismatch(deq.begin(), deq.end(), 45 driver_list.begin()); 46 47 if (pair1.first != deq.end()) 48 cout << "First disagreement in deq and driver_list:\n " 49 << *(pair1.first) << " and " << *(pair1.second) 50 << endl; 51 return 0; 52 }
equal算法类似于mismatch,equal算法也是逐一比较两个序列的元素是否相等,只是equal函数的返回值为bool值 true/false,不是返回迭代器值。它有如下两个原型,如果迭代器区间[first1,last1)和迭代器区间[first2, first2+(last1 - first1))上的元素相等(或者满足二元谓词判断条件binary_pred) ,返回true,否则返回false。
函数原型:
1 template<class InputIterator1, class InputIterator2> 2 bool equal( 3 InputIterator1 _First1, 4 InputIterator1 _Last1, 5 InputIterator2 _First2 6 ); 7 template<class InputIterator1, class InputIterator2, class BinaryPredicate> 8 bool equal( 9 InputIterator1 _First1, 10 InputIterator1 _Last1, 11 InputIterator2 _First2, 12 BinaryPredicate _Comp 13 ); 14
example:
利用二元谓词判断条件absEqual,判断出两个vector向量容器的元素均绝对值相等。
1 #include <algorithm> 2 #include <vector> 3 #include <iostream> 4 5 using namespace std; 6 7 bool absEqual(int a, int b) 8 { 9 return (a == abs(b) || b == abs(a)) ? true : false; 10 } 11 12 int main() 13 { 14 vector<int> ivect1(5); 15 vector<int> ivect2(5); 16 17 for (vector<int>::size_type i = 0; i < ivect1.size(); ++i) 18 { 19 ivect1[i] = i; 20 ivect2[i] = (-1) * i; 21 } 22 if ( equal( ivect1.begin(), ivect1.end(), ivect2.begin(), absEqual ) ) 23 { 24 cout << "ivect1 和 ivect2 元素的绝对值完全相等" << endl; 25 } 26 else 27 { 28 cout << "ivect1 和 ivect2 元素的绝对值不完全相等" << endl; 29 } 30 return 0; 31 }
本文转自夏雪冬日博客园博客,原文链接:http://www.cnblogs.com/heyonggang/p/3264844.html,如需转载请自行联系原作者