Struts1.X与Spring集成——第一种方案

2021-07-27 13:53:07

spring+struts(第一种方案)

集成原理：在Action中取得BeanFactory,通过BeanFactory取得业务逻辑对象，调用业务逻辑方法。

一,新建一个项目Spring_Struts_01

二,步骤

1、spring和Struts的依赖包配置

*Struts

（1）拷贝Struts和jstl的依赖包

（2）在web.xml文件里配置ActionServlet

<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;"><?xmlversion="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-appversion="2.5"

xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee

http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">

  <servlet>

   <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>

   <servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>

    <init-param>

     <param-name>config</param-name>

     <param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>

    </init-param>

    <init-param>

     <param-name>debug</param-name>

      <param-value>2</param-value>

    </init-param>

    <init-param>

     <param-name>detail</param-name>

      <param-value>2</param-value>

    </init-param>

   <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>

  </servlet>

  <!-- Standard Action Servlet Mapping-->

  <servlet-mapping>

   <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>

    <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>

  </servlet-mapping>

</web-app></span>

（3）提供struts-config.xml文件

<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;"><?xmlversion="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<!DOCTYPEstruts-config PUBLIC

          "-//Apache SoftwareFoundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN"

          "http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd">

<struts-config>

</struts-config></span>

（4）提供国际化支持，提供缺省的国际化资源文件

<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;"># -- standard errors--

errors.header=<UL>

errors.prefix=<LI>

errors.suffix=</LI>

errors.footer=</UL>

# -- validator --

errors.invalid={0}is invalid.

errors.maxlength={0}can not be greater than {1} characters.

errors.minlength={0}can not be less than {1} characters.

errors.range={0} isnot in the range {1} through {2}.

errors.required={0}is required.

errors.byte={0} mustbe an byte.

errors.date={0} isnot a date.

errors.double={0}must be an double.

errors.float={0}must be an float.

errors.integer={0}must be an integer.

errors.long={0} mustbe an long.

errors.short={0}must be an short.

errors.creditcard={0}is not a valid credit card number.

errors.email={0} isan invalid e-mail address.

# -- other --

errors.cancel=Operationcancelled.

errors.detail={0}

errors.general=Theprocess did not complete. Details should follow.

errors.token=Requestcould not be completed. Operation is not in sequence.

# -- welcome --

welcome.title=StrutsBlank Application

welcome.heading=Welcome!

welcome.message=Toget started on your own application, copy the struts-blank.war to a new WARfile using the name for your application. Place it in your container's"webapp" folder (or equivalent), and let your container auto-deploythe application. Edit the skeleton configuration files as needed, restart yourcontainer, and you are on your way! (You can find the application.propertiesfile with this message in the /WEB-INF/src/java/resources folder.)</span>

*Spring

（1）拷贝spring相关依赖包

（2）提供spring配置文件

<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;"><?xmlversion="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aophttp://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/txhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd">

</beans></span>

2，在web.xml文件里配置ContextLoaderListener（作用：让web
Server在启动时将BeanFactory放到ServletContext中）

<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;"><?xmlversion="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-appversion="2.5"

xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee

http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">

  <servlet>

   <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>

   <servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>

    <init-param>

     <param-name>config</param-name>

     <param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>

    </init-param>

    <init-param>

     <param-name>debug</param-name>

      <param-value>2</param-value>

    </init-param>

    <init-param>

     <param-name>detail</param-name>

      <param-value>2</param-value>

    </init-param>

   <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>

  </servlet>

  <!-- Standard Action Servlet Mapping-->

  <servlet-mapping>

   <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>

    <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>

  </servlet-mapping>

  <context-param>

      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

      <param-value>classpath:applicationContext-*.xml</param-value>

  </context-param>

 <!--加入启动Spring监听器-->

  <listener>

    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>

  </listener>

</web-app></span>

注：使用listener配置beanfactory，将其初始化交给servlet，使其维持在ServletContext中，节省资源。Listener初始化早于Servlet

3，在Action中採用WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext()从ServletContext中取得BeanFactory

4，通过BeanFactory从IOC容器中取得业务逻辑对象

存在缺点：

由于Action中存在依赖查找，所以Action依赖于Spring的API

进一步了解依赖查找和依赖注入，在同一个jvm中能够依赖注入，不同jvm中不能够依赖注入

三，代码演示样例

一个简单的用户登录演示样例，没有持久层

client：

1,jsp

(1)index.jsp主页面

<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;"><%@ pagelanguage="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"

    pageEncoding="GB18030"%>

<!DOCTYPE htmlPUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<html>

<head>

<metahttp-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=GB18030">

<title>Inserttitle here</title>

</head>

<body>

   <h1>Spring+Struts(第一种集成方案)</h1>

   <hr>

   <ahref="login.jsp">登录</a>

</body>

</html></span>

(2)login.jsp登录页面

<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;"><%@ pagelanguage="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"

    pageEncoding="GB18030"%>

<!DOCTYPE htmlPUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<html>

<head>

<metahttp-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=GB18030">

<title>Inserttitle here</title>

</head>

<body>

   <form action="login.do"method="post" >

     用户：<input type="text"name="username"><br>

    密码：<input type="text"name="password"><br>

    <input type="submit" value="登录">

</form>

</body>

</html></span>

(3)login_success.jsp登录成功后的跳转页面

<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;"><%@ pagelanguage="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"

    pageEncoding="GB18030"%>

<!DOCTYPE htmlPUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<html>

<head>

<metahttp-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=GB18030">

<title>Inserttitle here</title>

</head>

<body>

  韩学敏，登录成功！！

</body>

</html></span>

服务端

2(1)，ActionForm获取表单数据

loginActionForm.java:

<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;">packagecom.bjpowernode.usermgr.web.forms;

importorg.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;

public classloginActionForm extends ActionForm {

    private String username;

    private String password;

    public String getUsername() {

returnusername;

}

publicvoid setUsername(String username) {

this.username= username;

}

publicString getPassword() {

returnpassword;

}

publicvoid setPassword(String password) {

this.password= password;

}

}</span>

2(2)，Action

LoginAction.java:

<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;">packagecom.bjpowernode.usermgr.web.actions;

importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

importorg.apache.struts.action.Action;

importorg.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;

importorg.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;

importorg.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;

importorg.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory;

importorg.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

importorg.springframework.web.context.support.WebApplicationContextUtils;

importcom.bjpowernode.usermgr.manager.UserManager;

importcom.bjpowernode.usermgr.manager.UserMangerImpl;

importcom.bjpowernode.usermgr.web.forms.loginActionForm;

public classLoginAction extends Action {

@Override

publicActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,

HttpServletRequestrequest, HttpServletResponse response)

throwsException {

//从LoginActionForm拿数据

loginActionFormlaf=(loginActionForm)form;

String username=laf.getUsername();//获取用户名

String password =laf.getPassword();//获取密码

/*UserManageruserManager=new  UserMangerImpl();

    userManager.Login(username, password);*/

//取BeanFactory拿到配置文件applicationContext.xml生成BeanFactory

BeanFactory        factory= new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");

/*//使用BeanFactory从IOC容器中取得相关对象(依据id取得)

     UserManageruserManager=(UserManager)factory.getBean("userManager");

    userManager.Login(username, password);//调用接口UserManager的登录方法Login()

*/

//例如以下方式不用每次都创建BeanFactory，并且不用在这里写死配置文件，配置文件写在了web.xml中；可是在此层中知道了Spring的存在

    BeanFactory beanFactory =WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(request.getSession().getServletContext());

    UserManageruserManager=(UserManager)factory.getBean("userManager");

    userManager.Login(username, password);//调用接口UserManager的登录方法Login()

    returnmapping.findForward("success");//跳转到成功页面

}

}</span>

2(3)业务层接口+实现

接口UserManager.java:

<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;">packagecom.bjpowernode.usermgr.manager;

public interfaceUserManager {

/**

 * 用户登录

 * @param username：用户名

 * @param password：密码

 */

publicvoid Login(String username,String password);

}</span>

实现UserManagerImp.java:

<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;">packagecom.bjpowernode.usermgr.manager;

public classUserMangerImpl implements UserManager {

@Override

publicvoid Login(String username, String password) {

System.out.print(this.getClass()+",username="+username);

}

}</span>

3,Struts配置文件配置数据

<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;"><?xmlversion="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<!DOCTYPEstruts-config PUBLIC

          "-//Apache SoftwareFoundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN"

          "http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd">

<struts-config>

<!--生命ActionForm（即，告诉Struts哪个是ActionForm） -->

    <form-beans>

       <form-bean name="loginForm"type="com.bjpowernode.usermgr.web.forms.loginActionForm"/>

    </form-beans>

<!--描写叙述Action -->

   <!--描写叙述Action -->

    <action-mappings>

        <action path="/login"

               type="com.bjpowernode.usermgr.web.actions.LoginAction"

                name="loginForm"

               scope="request">  

        <!--转向信息 -->

        <forward name="success"path="/login_success.jsp"/>

        </action>

    </action-mappings>

    <message-resourcesparameter="MessageResources" />

</struts-config></span>

4，Spring配置文件

<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;"><?xmlversion="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aophttp://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd

           http://www.springframework.org/schema/txhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd">

<!--这个IOC容器核心是个工厂，抽象工厂 -->

<beanid="userManager"class="com.bjpowernode.usermgr.manager.UserMangerImpl"/>

</beans></span>

5，执行

启动Tomcat

浏览器中输入地址http://localhost:8080/Spring_Struts_01/

进入主页面index.jsp:

点击“登录”，进入用户登录页面login.jsp：

输入username、password

点击“登录”button，跳转到登录成功页面login_success：

6，总结：

(1)此方案的集成原理：在Action中取得BeanFactory,通过BeanFactory取得业务逻辑对象，调用业务逻辑方法。

(2)缺点：产生了依赖，spring的类在action中产生了依赖查找。（依赖查找和依赖注入的差别（前者为主动，后者是Spring主动提供））

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